Imithi yokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kuyehluka kuye ngohlobo lwesimila, ubukhulu baso nendawo. I- izimila ezimbi ngokuvamile belashwa ngenhlanganisela yokwelapha efana ukuhlinzwa imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali futhi i-radiotherapy.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nephezulu ezinganeni, izinga lokusinda liyahlukahluka kubantu abadala futhi lincike ohlotsheni lwesimila, ubukhulu baso, ukungena kwaso ezicutshini ezizungezile kanye nokusebenza okuvamile komuntu ngamunye.².

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, ngemuva kokuthi isimila sitholakale ngokunembile (i-MRI, isithwebuli, i-Pet Scan, i-angiography ye-cerebral, njll.), udokotela uvame ukwenza i-biopsy (ukususwa kwengxenye yesimila ngenhloso yokusihlaziya) lapho ukuxilongwa ngqo kohlobo lwesimila kuhlala kungacacile naphezu kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukunquma uhlobo lwesimila nokuthi ngabe sinobungozi noma sibi (sinomdlavuza noma cha). I-biopsy yenziwa ngokumba imbobo encane ethanjeni logebhezi, futhi yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo noma ejwayelekile.

ukuhlinzwa

Uma isimila sifinyeleleka, inketho yokuqala ukusikhipha ebuchosheni (ukusikhipha). Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha enkulu ekwelapheni izimila ebuchosheni.². Ukuhlinzwa kwe-resection nakho kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ye-biopsy ngoba izimila eziningi zine-heterogeneous (ukuhlakazeka okungalingani kwamaseli wesimila ngaphakathi kwesimila ngokwaso). Kwezinye izimo, amangqamuzana e-tumor ahlukana kalula nezicubu zobuchopho ezizungezile futhi isimila singakhishwa siphelele. Kwabanye, isimila siseduze nezindawo ezibucayi noma ezizwela kakhulu, okwenza ukuhlinzwa kube yingozi kakhulu. Uma isimila siseduze ne-optic nerve, isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kungase kuphazamise ukubona. Noma ngabe yikuphi, udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlala enza konke okusemandleni akhe ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokufinyelela ezindaweni ezibalulekile zobuchopho.

Imisakazo

Uma isimila singatholakali ekuhlinzweni kwendabuko, kungacatshangelwa imisebe ye-gamma radiosurgery. Inembe kakhulu futhi inamandla kune-radiotherapy, le nqubo isebenzisa imishayo enamandla ekhazimulayo, eqondiswe kanye kanye nangokunembile futhi ngqo esimila, imizuzu embalwa noma amahora. Akudingi ukuvulwa kogebhezi noma umgodi we-trephine.

Radiotherapy

Uma imisebe inamandla amancane kunalawo asetshenziswa kuma-radiosurgery, nokho enza kube nokwenzeka ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu zobuchopho. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuqondiswe esimila kuphela. Kwabanye, bonke ubuchopho bukhanyisiwe, ngokwesibonelo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukuqeda amangqamuzana ama-tumor asele, noma lapho kufakwa izicubu eziningana ebuchosheni (metastasize) futhi ngeke kususwe ngokuhlinzwa. Ekugcineni, i-radiotherapy isetshenziswa uma kwenzeka isimila singakhiphi ngokuphelele.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Yize izicubu zobuchopho kungavamile ukuba zithinte ngaphandle kobuchopho, i-chemotherapy isetshenziselwa ukulawula kangcono lesi sifo. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wobuchopho zisabela ku-chemotherapy. Ama-chemotherapeutic agents angalawulwa ngemithambo yegazi noma ngomlomo. Kwezinye izimo, bangajojelwa entanjeni yomgogodla ukukhomba uhlelo lwezinzwa kuphela.

Izindlela ezintsha zibandakanya ukungenisa ngqo ebuchosheni, ngemva kokuhlinzwa, idiski elincane elisakaza ama-chemotherapeutic agents ezicutshini zobuchopho amasonto ambalwa.

Ukulandelela i-oda

Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ukususa wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza ebuchosheni. Uma ezimbalwa zazo zisala ebuchosheni, isimila singase siphinde sivele. Ukuqapha nokuqapha njalo kubalulekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokulandelana okungenzeka kwemizwa ngenxa yesimila noma ukwelashwa kwaso ngenxa yokulandelana okungenzeka kwemizwa ngenxa yesimila noma ukwelashwa kwaso (ukulawula ukunyakaza noma ukukhuluma, njll.), Isikhathi ukulungiswa ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Kudinga usizo lodokotela abakhethekile ngosizo lwabelaphi abakhethekile (i-physiotherapist, i-occupational Therapist, i-speech Therapist, njll.).

Izindlela ezihambisanayo