Uyini umdlavuza wesibindi?

Le umdlavuza wesibindi kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana angavamile akha ngokungalawuleki ezicutshini zayo. Umdlavuza oyinhloko (obizwa nangokuthi i-hepatocarcinoma) umdlavuza oqala kumaseli esibindi (obizwa ngokuthi ama-hepatocyte). Umdlavuza wesibili noma i-metastatic imiphumela yomdlavuza owaqala ukuvela kwenye indawo emzimbeni ngaphambi kokusabalala ngegazi uye esibindini.

Ukukhula kwamaseli angavamile kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwe-a i-benign tumor ou smart. I-benign tumor ayisongeli ukusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba futhi ingasuswa ngaphandle kwengozi yezinkinga. Nokho, isimila esiyingozi kufanele selashwe ngoba singasakazeka futhi sibe usongo ekusindeni.

Itholakala ngakwesokudla kwesisu, ngaphansi kwe-diaphragm nangakwesokudla kwesisu, isibindi ingenye yezitho ezigqama kakhulu. Imisebenzi yayo miningi futhi ibalulekile:

• Ihlunga i ubuthi amuncwa umzimba.
• Igcina futhi iguqule izakhi amuncwa ngamathumbu.
• Ikhiqiza amaprotheni lokho kusiza igazi ukuthi lihlule.
• Ikhiqiza i bile okuvumela umzimba ukuthi ubambe amafutha ne-cholesterol.
• Kuyasiza ukulawula izinga glucose (ushukela wegazi) nokunye amahomoni.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibindi

Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, i- umdlavuza wesibindi kuyaqabukela kubangele izimpawu eziqondile nezisobala. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukuhlonza lesi sifo kusenesikhathi. Lo mdlavuza uvame ukutholakala uma usufike ezingeni eliphezulu. Kuleli qophelo, ingazibonakalisa njenge izimpawu ezilandelayo :

• ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazwanga
• ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
• ubuhlungu besisu;
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• ukukhathala okujwayelekile;
• ukubonakala kwesigaxa endaweni yesibindi;
• i-jaundice (ibala eliphuzi namehlo, indle ephaphathekile nomchamo omnyama).

Qaphela, lezi izimpawu akubonisi ngempela ukuba khona kwesimila esinomdlavuza. Kungaba izimpawu zezinye izinkinga zempilo ezivame kakhulu. Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba bonana nodokotela ukuze lo wakamuva enze izivivinyo ezifanele futhi anqume imbangela, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini.

Abantu abasengozini

• Abantu abane-hepatitis B noma C engapheli
• Iziguli ezihlushwa yi-cirrhosis yesibindi noma ngabe imvelaphi yayo;
• Abaphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela.
• Abantu abaphethwe ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Abantu abahlushwa i-iron overload (i-hemochromatosis, isifo semvelaphi yofuzo esivamile e-Brittany ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwesakhi sofuzo esidluliselwa okhokho baseCeltic);
• Abantu abahlushwa ukugcwala kwamafutha esibindini, njenge:
  • Abantu abanesifo sikashukela.
  • Abantu abaphethwe ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

izinhlobo

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesibindi oyinhloko i-hepatocellular carcinoma okwakhiwa kumaseli esibindi (hepatocytes).

Kunezinye, izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza wesibindi, njenge-cholangiocarcinoma, ethinta umgudu oholela inyongo ekhiqizwa isibindi iye enyongweni; noma ngisho ne-angiosarcoma, engavamile kakhulu, kusukela odongeni lwemithambo yegazi esibindini.

Leli phepha leqiniso likhuluma kuphela nge-hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ukuvama

Ungumdlavuza wesi-5 ovame kakhulu emhlabeni. ECanada, i- umdlavuza wesibindi ayivamile uma kuqhathaniswa futhi ibalela ngaphansi kwe-1% yezigameko zomdlavuza nokufa.

Izifunda ezinesibalo esiphezulu somdlavuza wesibindi yizifunda lapho ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Hepatitis B Hepatitis C kubaluleke kakhulu, njenge-Asia, Afrika, Maphakathi noma eMpumalanga. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Hepatitis B kucatshangwa ukuthi kuhileleke ku-50 kuya ku-80% we-hepato-cellular carcinomas.