“Indlela engidla ngayo i-hot oatmeal engiyidla kabili ngosuku nesinkwa sikakolweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esidlweni sakusihlwa ngidla isobho seklabishi noma isobho samazambane, i-porridge ye-buckwheat noma amazambane abilisiwe noma athosiwe ku-sunflower noma amafutha e-mustard, kanye ne-compote yama-prunes nama-apula. Ukudla kwasemini engikudlayo nomkhaya wami kungashintshwa, njengoba ngazama ukwenza, nge-oatmeal eyodwa, okuwukudla kwami okuyinhloko. Impilo yami ayizange ihlupheke nje kuphela, kodwa isithuthuke kakhulu kusukela ngiyeke ubisi, ibhotela namaqanda, kanye noshukela, itiye nekhofi, ”kubhala uLeo Tolstoy.
Umbhali omkhulu weza nomqondo wokudla imifino eneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi lesi sikhathi esithile sokuphila kwakhe saphawulwa ukufuna okubuhlungu kwencazelo yefilosofi nengokomoya yokuphila komuntu. “Manje, ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-XNUMX, nginakho konke ngokuvamile okuqondwa ukuphila kahle,” kusho uTolstoy encwadini yakhe edumile ethi Confession. Kodwa kungazelelwe ngabona ukuthi angazi ukuthi kungani ngikudinga konke lokhu nokuthi ngiphilelani. Umsebenzi wakhe enovelini ethi Anna Karenina, ebonisa ukucabanga kwakhe ngokuziphatha nokuziphatha kobudlelwane babantu, uhlehlela emuva ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Umfutho wokuba umuntu othanda imifino oshisekayo wawukhona lapho uTolstoy engufakazi ongaqondile wendlela ingulube eyayihlatshwa ngayo. Lo mbukiso washaqisa kakhulu umlobi ngesihluku sawo kangangokuthi wanquma ukuya kwelinye lamalaha akwaTula ukuze ezwe imizwa yakhe kakhudlwana. Phambi kwamehlo akhe, kwabulawa inkunzi encane enhle. Ubhusha waphakamisa inkemba entanyeni yakhe wagwaza. Inkunzi, kwaba sengathi idindilizile, yawa ngesisu, yagingqika kabuhlungu ngohlangothi yashaya phansi ngonyawo. Omunye ubhusha wawela kuye ngakolunye uhlangothi, wagobisa ikhanda phansi wamnquma uqhoqhoqho. Igazi elibomvu elibomvu lagobhoza kuhle kwebhakede eligingqikile. Khona-ke umhlana wokuqala waqala ukuhlinza inkunzi. Impilo yayilokhu ishaya emzimbeni omkhulu wesilwane, izinyembezi ezinkulu zazigeleza emehlweni agcwele igazi.
Lesi sithombe esibi senza uTolstoy wacabanga kabusha kakhulu. Wayengakwazi ukuzithethelela ngokungakuvimbi ukubulawa kwezidalwa eziphilayo ngakho-ke waba yicala lokufa kwazo. Kuye, indoda ekhuliswe emasikweni e-Russian Orthodoxy, umyalo oyinhloko wamaKristu - "Ungabulali" - ithole incazelo entsha. Ngokudla inyama yesilwane, umuntu uhileleka ngokungaqondile ekubulaleni, kanjalo ephula izindinganiso zokuziphatha ezingokwenkolo nezokuziphatha. Ukuze uzibeke esigabeni sabantu abaziphethe kahle, kubalulekile ukuzikhulula ekubulaweni kwezidalwa eziphilayo - ukuyeka ukudla inyama yazo. U-Tolstoy ngokwakhe wenqaba ngokuphelele ukudla kwezilwane futhi ushintshela ekudleni okungenakubulala.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, ezincwadini zakhe eziningi, umbhali uthuthukisa umbono wokuthi incazelo yokuziphatha - yokuziphatha - yokuthanda imifino ilele ekungamukeleki kwanoma yiluphi udlame. Uthi emphakathini wesintu kuzobusa udlame kuze kuphele udlame olubhekiswe ezilwaneni. Ngakho-ke i-Vegetarianism ingenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuqeda ububi obenzeka emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unya ezilwaneni luwuphawu lwezinga eliphansi lokuqaphela namasiko, ukungakwazi ukuzwa ngempela nokuzwelana nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Esihlokweni esithi "Isinyathelo Sokuqala", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1892, uTolstoy ubhala ukuthi isinyathelo sokuqala ekuthuthukiseni ukuziphatha nokungokomoya komuntu ukwenqaba ubudlova obubhekiswe kwabanye, futhi ukuqala kokuzikhandla kulokhu kuyinguquko eya. ukudla kwemifino.
Phakathi neminyaka engu-25 yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, uTolstoy wayikhuthaza ngentshiseko imibono yokudla imifino eRussia. Ube nesandla ekuthuthukisweni kwephephabhuku iVegetarianism, lapho abhala khona izindatshana zakhe, wasekela ukushicilelwa kwemibhalo ehlukahlukene mayelana nokudla imifino, wakwamukela ukuvulwa kwezindawo zokucima ukoma, amahhotela, futhi wayeyilungu elihloniphekile lemiphakathi eminingi yabantu abadla imifino.
Nokho, ngokukaTolstoy, ukudla imifino kungenye yezingxenye zokuziphatha nokuziphatha komuntu. Ukuphelela kokuziphatha nangokomoya kungenzeka kuphela uma umuntu eyeka inani elikhulu lezifiso ezihlukahlukene abeka ukuphila kwakhe ngaphansi kwazo. Izifiso ezinjalo uTolstoy wathi ngokuyinhloko ukuvilapha nokuminza. Encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zamuva, kwavela inhloso yokubhala incwadi ethi "Zranie". Kuyo, wayefuna ukuveza umbono wokuthi ukungabi nasilinganiso kukho konke, kuhlanganise nokudla, kusho ukuntula inhlonipho ngalokho esisizungezile. Umphumela walokhu umuzwa wolaka maqondana nemvelo, ngohlobo lwazo - kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Uma abantu bebengenalo ulaka kangaka, uTolstoy ukholelwa, futhi akazange abhubhise lokho okubanika ukuphila, ukuthula okuphelele kwakuzobusa emhlabeni.