I-Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti) isithombe nencazelo

I-Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti)

:

• I-Boletinus lariceti
• I-Boletin larch

I-Psiloboletin luhlobo lwesikhunta emndenini weSuillaceae. Iwuhlobo lwe-monotypic oluqukethe uhlobo olulodwa, i-Psiloboletinus lariceti. Lolu hlobo lwaqala ukuchazwa ngu-mycologist u-Rolf Singer ngo-1938 ngokuthi uPhylloporus. U-Alexander H. Smith akavumelananga nombono ovamile kaSinger, waphetha: “Noma iluphi uhlelo lohlobo lwe-Psiloboletinus olwenziwa ekugcineni, kusobala ukuthi azikho izinhlamvu ezihlukaniseka ngokucacile uhlobo olungakwazi ukuqashelwa ngazo ngesisekelo sezincazelo zoMculi.

"I-Larch" - kusukela egameni elithi "larch" (uhlobo lwezitshalo ezinokhuni zomndeni kaphayini, enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezihlahla ze-coniferous), futhi hhayi egameni elithi "deciduous" (ihlathi elivuthulukayo - ihlathi elihlanganisa izihlahla eziphukayo nezihlahlana).

ikhanda: 8-16 cm ububanzi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo izibonelo ezinezigqoko ezingaba amasentimitha angu-20 zingenzeka. Lapho isencane, i-convex, inonqenqema olujike ngokuqinile, bese i-flat-convex; kumakhowe amadala kakhulu, umphetho we-cap awuvuswanga, ungahle ube wamagagasi noma u-lobed. Eyomile, ezwakalayo noma ezwakalayo, enevelvety lapho ethintwa. I-brownish, i-ocher-brown, insundu engcolile.

Inyama esigqokweni: minyene (ayikhululekile), ithambile, ifinyelela ku-3-4 cm ubukhulu. Okuphuzi okukhanyayo, i-ocher ekhanyayo, ephaphathekile kakhulu, cishe emhlophe. Iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho kuphuke khona noma kusikiwe.

I-Hymenophore: ithubhu. Amashubhu makhulu, abanzi, anezindonga eziseceleni ezijiyile, ngakho-ke abukeka afane namapuleti. Zehlela ngokuqinile esiqwini, lapho ziba zinde, okwenza ukufana kwazo okubonakalayo namapuleti kuqine. I-hymenophore iphuzi, ikhanya ebusheni, bese kuba nsundu ngokuphuzi. Ngomonakalo, ngisho omncane, uphenduka ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese uphenduka ube nsundu.

Impikiswano: 10-12X4 microns, cylindrical, fusiform, brown-yellow namaconsi.

Leg: amasentimitha angu-6-9 ukuphakama no-2-4 cm ubukhulu, phakathi nendawo, angase aqiniswe phansi noma phakathi nendawo, i-velvety. Engxenyeni engenhla kukhanya, kumbala we-hymenophore, okuphuzi okunsundu, ngezansi kumnyama: okunsundu, okunsundu, okumnyama. Iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma icindezelwe. Okuphelele, ngezinye izikhathi nge-cavity.

i-pulp yomlenze: okuminyene, okunsundu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Indandatho, ikhava, i-volva: Akukho.

Nambitha futhi uhogele: ikhowa elincane.

Ikhula kuphela lapho kukhona khona i-larch: emahlathini e-larch nasemahlathini axutshwe nokuba khona kwe-birch, aspen, ngaphansi kwe-larch.

Ukuvuthwa okuphezulu kwenzeka ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Yaziwa kakhulu Ezweni Lethu kuphela, etholakala eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga yeSiberia, esifundeni sase-Amur, e-Khabarovsk Territory, eMpumalanga Ekude, ithela izithelo kaningi futhi ngobuningi eSakhalin, lapho ibizwa ngokuthi "Larch Mokhovik" noma nje " Mokhovik”.

Ikhowe liyadliwa, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi linoshevu. Isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela amasobho, amasaladi, izifundo zesibili. Ifanele ukukha.

Ingulube izacile kwezinye izigaba zokukhula kungenziwa iphutha nempukane ye-larch moss. Kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela i-hymenophore: engulube i-lamellar, emifanekisweni emincane amapuleti angama-wavy, ukuze ngokubuka kwe-cursory angaphutha ngama-tubules amakhulu. Umehluko obalulekile: ingulube ayishintshi ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa iba nsundu lapho izicubu zonakalisiwe.

Ama-Gyrodon afana ne-Psiloboletinus lariceti, kufanele unake i-ecology (uhlobo lwamahlathi).

Imbuzi, ihluke ngombala we-pulp ezindaweni ezilimele, inyama yayo ayishintshi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa ibomvu.

Kuye kwenziwa izifundo ezinenjongo, kukhona imisebenzi yezakhiwo ze-thrombolytic ze-basid fungi enzymes (VL Komarov Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, St. . Kodwa-ke, kusesekuseni kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi ku-pharmacology.

Isithombe kugalari ye-athikili: Anatoly Burdynyuk.