Ungashintsha izici ezithile zomlingiswa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukuguqula. Kodwa ingabe isifiso sethu sisodwa sanele? Ososayensi abavela eNyuvesi yase-Arizona bafakazele ukuthi le nqubo isebenza kangcono uma ungenzi wedwa, kodwa ngokusekelwa ochwepheshe noma abantu abanomqondo ofanayo.
Ngokuphambene nobandlululo oluvamile lokuthi abantu abashintshi, ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi siyashintsha kukho konke ukuphila kwethu—ngokwezenzakalo, izimo, neminyaka. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi sivame ukucophelela kakhulu phakathi neminyaka yethu yasekolishi, singahlali nabantu ngemva komshado, futhi sivumelane nakakhulu lapho sifinyelela iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
Yebo, izimo zokuphila ziyasishintsha. Kodwa ingabe thina ngokwethu singashintsha izici zobuntu bethu uma sifuna? U-Erika Baransky, umcwaningi waseNyuvesi yase-Arizona, ubuze lo mbuzo. Umeme amaqembu amabili abantu ukuthi abambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lwe-inthanethi: cishe abantu abangama-500 abaneminyaka eyi-19 kuye kwengama-82 kanye nabafundi basekolishi abangaba ngu-360.
Iningi labantu lithe lifuna ukukhulisa ukungezwani, unembeza, nokuzinza kwemizwelo
Ukuhlolwa bekusekelwe kumqondo owaziwa ngokwesayensi wezimpawu zobuntu "ezinkulu ezinhlanu", ezihlanganisa:
- ukuguqulwa,
- ububele (ubungani, ikhono lokufinyelela esivumelwaneni),
- ukwazi (consciousness),
- i-neuroticism (isigxobo esiphambene ukuzinza kwemizwelo),
- ukuvuleka kokuhlangenwe nakho (ubuhlakani).
Okokuqala, bonke ababambiqhaza bacelwe ukuthi bagcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo lwezinto ezingu-44 ukuze balinganise izici ezinhlanu ezibalulekile zobuntu babo, bese bebuzwa ukuthi bafuna ukushintsha okuthile ngabo. Labo abasabela kahle benza incazelo yezinguquko ezifunwayo.
Kuwo womabili la maqembu, iningi labantu lathi lifuna ukukhulisa ukungezwani, unembeza, nokuzinza kwemizwelo.
Shintsha... ngokuphambene nalokho
Abafundi basekolishi kwaxoxwa nabo futhi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, neqembu lokuqala ngemva konyaka. Alikho iqembu elafinyelela izinhloso zalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye baze babonise izinguquko eziphambene.
NgokukaBaranski, kumalungu eqembu lokuqala, “izinhloso zokushintsha ubuntu bawo azizange ziholele kunoma yiziphi izinguquko zangempela.” Ngokuqondene neqembu lesibili, iqembu labafundi, kwaba nemiphumela ethile, nakuba ingekho nhlobo into umuntu ayengayilindela. Abantu abasha bashintsha izici zabo ezikhethiwe, kodwa ngokuphambene, noma ezinye izici zobuntu babo ngokujwayelekile.
Ikakhulukazi, abafundi basekolishi ababephupha ngokuqapha kakhudlwana empeleni baphelelwa unembeza ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Lokhu cishe kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi izinga labo lokuqaphela laliphansi kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ngisho noma sazi izinzuzo zesikhathi eside zoshintsho oluzinzile, imigomo yesikhathi esifushane ibonakala ibaluleke kakhulu
Kodwa phakathi kwabafundi abazwakalisa isifiso sokwandisa i-extraversion, ukuhlolwa kokugcina kwabonisa ukwanda kwezici ezinjengobungane nokuzinza kwemizwelo. Mhlawumbe emzamweni wokuba nobudlelwane obuningi, umcwaningi uphakamise ukuthi empeleni babegxile ekubeni nobungane kanye nokukhathazeka okuncane komphakathi. Futhi lokhu kuziphatha kuhlobene eduze nokuthakazelelwa nokuzinza kwemizwelo.
Mhlawumbe iqembu labafundi basekolishi laba nezinguquko eziningi ngenxa yokuthi badlula enkathini yenguquko ezimpilweni zabo. “Bangena endaweni entsha futhi ngokuvamile bazizwa bedabukile. Mhlawumbe ngokuzama ukushintsha izici ezithile zomlingiswa wabo, bajabula kancane, kuphakamisa u-Baranski. “Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, bangaphansi kwengcindezi evela ezinhlobonhlobo zezidingo nezibopho - badinga ukwenza kahle, bakhethe amakhono athile, bafundele umsebenzi ... Lena yimisebenzi eseqhulwini njengamanje.
Ngisho noma abafundi ngokwabo bezazi izinzuzo zesikhathi eside zoshintsho oluzinzile, imigomo yesikhashana ibonakala ibaluleke kakhulu kubo kulesi simo.”
Isifiso esisodwa asenele
Ngokuvamile, imiphumela yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi kunzima ngathi ukushintsha izici zobuntu bethu ngokusekelwe esifisweni kuphela. Lokhu akusho ukuthi asikwazi nhlobo ukushintsha isimilo sethu. Singase sidinge usizo lwangaphandle, kusho u-Baranski, kochwepheshe, umngane, noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula ukusikhumbuza ngezinjongo zethu.
U-Erica Baranski ngenhloso akazange ahlanganyele nabahlanganyeli bephrojekthi phakathi kwesigaba sokuqala nesesibili sokuqoqwa kwedatha. Lokhu kuhlukile endleleni yomunye usosayensi, uNathan Hudson waseSouthern Methodist University, owathi, kanye nozakwabo, balandela izifundo amasonto angu-16 kwezinye izifundo eziningana.
Kunobufakazi ku-psychology yomtholampilo ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kokwelapha kuholela ekushintsheni kobuntu nokuziphatha.
Abahloli bahlole izimfanelo zomuntu siqu zabahlanganyeli kanye nenqubekelaphambili yabo ekufinyeleleni imigomo njalo emavikini ambalwa. Ekusebenzelaneni okunjalo okuseduze nososayensi, izihloko zathatha igxathu elikhulu ekuguquleni ubuntu babo.
"Kunobufakazi bokusebenza kwengqondo yomtholampilo ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha kuholela ekushintsheni kobuntu nokuziphatha," kuchaza uBaranski. - Kukhona nobufakazi bakamuva bokuthi ngokubambisana okuvamile phakathi kobambe iqhaza kanye nomhloli, ukuguqulwa kobuntu kungenzeka ngempela. Kodwa uma sisele nalo msebenzi ngamunye ngamunye, amathuba okuba nezinguquko awamakhulu kangako.
Uchwepheshe uthemba ukuthi ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo luzobonisa ukuthi yiliphi izinga lokungenelela elidingekayo ukuze usisize sifinyelele imigomo yethu, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamasu ezingcono kakhulu zokuguqula nokuthuthukisa izici zomlingiswa ezihlukene.