Hyperleukocytosis: incazelo, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

Hyperleukocytosis: incazelo, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

I-Hyperleukocytosis ichazwa njengokukhula kwamaseli amhlophe egazi ngaphezu kwamaseli ayi-10 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi, ezivivinyweni ezimbili ezilandelanayo. Okuvamile ukuhlangabezana nokungahleleki, kufanele kwenziwe umehluko phakathi kwe-hyperignia ye-hyperleukocytosis ne-hyperleukocytosis ebulalayo. Lesi sakamuva kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka ngamagciwane njenge-angina, lokutheleleka ngegciwane okunjenge-mononucleosis nokungajwayelekile kwesifo esibi njenge-leukemia. Izimpawu nokuphathwa kwe-hyperleukocytosis kuncike kumongo nembangela yawo.

Kuyini i-hyperleukocytosis?

Ama-leukocyte, abizwa nangokuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, adlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni umzimba wethu ezilwaneni ezincane ezithathelwanayo nakwizinto zangaphandle. Ukuze kusebenze, inani elanele lamaseli amhlophe egazi kumele laziswe ngobukhona besidalwa esithathelwanayo noma into yangaphandle. Bese beya lapho bekhona, ukuzochitha futhi bagaye.

Njengawo wonke amanye amangqamuzana egazi, ama-leukocyte akhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko emnkantsheni wethu wethambo. Zikhula kusuka kuma-stem cells ahlukanisa kancane kancane abe olunye lwezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zama-leukocyte ngezansi:
  • ama-neutrophils;
  • ama-lymphocyte;
  • ama-monocyte;
  • ama-eosinophils;
  • ama-basophils.

Imvamisa, umuntu ukhiqiza cishe amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi amhlophe ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu ngosuku. Lokhu kubalwa njengenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. Inani eliphelele elijwayelekile liphakathi kwamaseli angu-100 no-4 nge-microliter ngayinye.

I-Hyperleukocytosis wukwanda kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazini, ngaphezu kwamaseli ayi-10 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. I-Hyperleukocytosis ichazwa njengelingene phakathi kwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe aphakathi kuka-000 no-10 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi futhi ngokusobala ngaphezu kwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe angama-000 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi.

I-Hyperleukocytosis ingavela ekwandeni kwesinye sezigaba ezintathu zamaseli amhlophe egazi ngokuvamile atholakala egazini. Sikhuluma ngalokhu:
  • i-polynucleosis uma kukhulunywa ngokwanda kwenani lama-neutrophils, ama-eosinophil noma ama-basophil;
  • i-lymphocytosis lapho kukhula kwenani lama-lymphocyte;
  • monocytosis uma kukhulunywa ngokwanda kwenani lama-monocyte.

Kungabuye kube ne-hyperleukocytosis ngenxa yokuvela kwamaseli ngokuvamile engekho egazini:

  • amaseli e-medullary, okungukuthi, amaseli akhiwa umnkantsha futhi okuthi, ngezigaba zokungavuthwa, adlulele egazini;
  • amaseli amabi noma ama-leucoblasts okuyizinkomba ze-acute leukemia.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-hyperleukocytosis?

I-Hyperleucocytose

I-Hyperleukocytosis kungashiwo ukuthi ingeyomzimba, okungukuthi okujwayelekile:

  • ukulandela ukuzikhandla komzimba;
  • ngemuva kokucindezeleka okukhulu;
  • ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
  • ekuthumeleni ngemuva.

Kepha, ezimweni eziningi, i-hyperleukocytosis iyimpendulo evamile yomzimba yokuzivikela ku:

  • ukutheleleka kwamagciwane njenge-bacterial streptococcal angina;
  • ukutheleleka ngegciwane (mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, njll);
  • ukutheleleka kwe-parasitic;
  • ukungezwani komzimba (isifuba somoya, ukungezwani komzimba nezidakamizwa);
  • imithi ethile efana ne-corticosteroids.

Ngokuvamile, i-hyperleukocytosis ingaba uphawu lomdlavuza womnkantsha, obangela ukukhululwa kwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe angavuthiwe noma angajwayelekile emnkantsheni wethambo aye egazini, njenge:

  • i-lymphocytic leukemia engapheli (CLL);
  • i-leukemia engapheli (i-CML);
  • i-leukemia elula.

I-Polynucléose

Ngokuphathelene ne-neutrophilic polynucleosis, kubonakala ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba ezinjenge:

  • ukuzalwa;
  • ukukhulelwa;
  • isikhathi;
  • ukuzivocavoca okunodlame;

futhi ikakhulukazi phakathi nezimo zokugula ezifana:

  • igciwane elincane (ithumba noma i-sepsis);
  • isifo sokuvuvukala;
  • i-necrosis yezicubu;
  • umdlavuza noma i-sarcoma;
  • ukubhema.

I-Eosinophilic polynucleosis, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukungezwani komzimba kanye nama-parasites. Ingaphinde ixhunyaniswe ne-periarteritis nodosa, isifo sikaHodgkin noma umdlavuza.

I-Basophilic polynucleosis ayivamile kakhulu futhi ibonakala ku-leukemia engapheli ye-myeloid.

I-lymphocytose

I-Hyperlymphocytosis iyabonakala:

  • ezinganeni phakathi kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane njengokukhwehlela;
  • kubantu abadala noma asebekhulile abanomdlavuza we-lymphocytic leukemia kanye nesifo sikaWaldenström.

I-Monocytose

I-Monocytosis ivame ukuveza isifo esithathelwanayo:

  • mononucleosis esithathelwanayo;
  • i-toxoplasmosis;
  • ukutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus;
  • hepatitis yegciwane;
  • i-brucellosis;
  • Isifo sika-Osler;
  • ugcunsula wesibili.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hyperleukocytosis?

Izimpawu ze-hyperleukocytosis zizoba lezo zesifo esivela kuso. Isibonelo, ngokutheleleka ngegciwane, njenge-mononucleosis, izimpawu zifaka:

  • imfiva ;
  • ama-lymph node entanyeni;
  • ukukhathala okukhulu.

Ungayelapha kanjani i-hyperleukocytosis?

Ukuphathwa kuncike kumongo nasembangela ye-hyperleukocytosis. Ngakho-ke kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi kungenxa ye-angina, i-pneumonia noma i-leukemia engamahlalakhona.

Lokhu kusekelwe ikakhulukazi ku:
  • ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo kwezifo zegciwane;
  • ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
  • ukwelashwa kwe-antihistamine uma kwenzeka ukungezwani komzimba;
  • i-chemotherapy, noma kwesinye isikhathi ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell, uma kwenzeka i-leukemia;
  • ukususwa kwembangela uma kwenzeka ucindezelekile noma ubhema.

shiya impendulo