bekhanda
La migraine uhlobo oluthile lwe enekhanda (ikhanda elibuhlungu). Iziveza ngokuthi zinhlekelele engathatha amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Imvamisa yokuquleka iyahluka kakhulu kumuntu oyedwa kuye komunye, kusukela ekubanjweni okuningana ngeviki kuya ekubanjweni okukodwa ngonyaka noma ngaphansi.
I-Migraine ihlukaniswa nekhanda "elivamile", ikakhulukazi ubude bayo, ukuqina kanye nezinye izimpawu ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kuvame ukuqala ngobuhlungu obuzwakalayouhlangothi olulodwa lwekhanda noma okwendawo eduze kweso. Ubuhlungu buvame ukubonwa njenge imishanguzo kugebhezi, futhi lwenziwa lubi kakhulu ngokukhanya nangomsindo (futhi kwesinye isikhathi kunuka). I-Migraine nayo ingahambisana ne isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
Ngokumangazayo, ku-10% kuya ku-30% wamacala, migraine kwandulelwe ukubonakaliswa komzimba okuhlanganiswe ndawonye ngaphansi kwegama le-inzondo. I-Auras empeleni ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo okungathatha ukwenzeka kokukhanya kokukhanya, imigqa ekhanyayo, noma ukungaboni kweso okwesikhashana. Lezi zimpawu ziphela kungakapheli nehora. Bese kulandela ikhanda.
Ukuvama
La migraine ithinta cishe u-12% wabantu abadala, abesifazane ukuthinteka izikhathi eziphindwe kathathu kunamadoda39. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luthole ukuthi i-26% yabesifazane baseCanada bane-migraine38, imvamisa yokuquleka iyahlukahluka kakhulu. I-Migraine ivame kakhulu ezinganeni nasebancane (5% kuya ku-10%), okuvame ukungazitholi kahle. Ngokusho kwe-Uptodate, kubantu abaningi, i-17% yabesifazane kanye ne-6% yamadoda ihlushwa i-migraine. Kwabaneminyaka engu-30-39 ubudala, kungaba u-24% wabesifazane no-7% wabesilisa.
Evolution
Imvamisa ye ukuhlaselwa yi-migraine kuyehluka kakhulu kuye ngomuntu ngamunye. Abanye abantu banezinto ezimbalwa ngonyaka, kanti abanye bane-3 noma i-4 ngenyanga. Kwezinye izimo, ukuquleka kungenzeka kaningana ngesonto, kepha kuyaqabukela nsuku zonke.
Ukuhlasela kokuqala kuvame ukuvela ngesikhathiebuntwaneni or ukuba mdala. Ukuphathwa ikhanda kwe-Migraine kuyaqabukela ngaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-40 futhi kuvame ukunyamalala ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50.
Izindlela ze-migraine
Akwaziwa ukuthi kungani abanye abantu benayo izinhlungu zekhanda, izinkinga zekhanda (okubangelwa ukungezwani kwemizwa noma ukukhathazeka) noma migraines nokuthi kungani abanye bengenazo nje, noma ngabe bavezwa yizimbangela ezifanayo.
Kusukela ngawo-1960 kuya ku-1990, kwakukholelwa ukuthi i-migraines yayibangelwa ngokuyinhloko izinguquko ze-vascular: ukuminyanisa kwemithambo yegazi (vasoconstriction) ezungeza ubuchopho, kulandelwa ukuvuvukala (vasodilation). Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olulandelayo lubonisa ukuthi imvelaphi ye-migraine iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngempela, kuwuchungechunge lonke lokusabela ku- uhlelo lwemizwa okungadala le khanda elibuhlungu. Kusanda kutholwa indlela yokusebenza kwemizwa ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ukukhanya kukhulisa ubuhlungu be-migraine ngenkathi ubumnyama bukupholisa.33Lokhu kuphendula kwamaketanga kunemiphumela hhayi kuphela emithanjeni yegazi, kepha futhi nasekuvukeleni, ama-neurotransmitters nezinye izinto.
Ngaphandle kokuqonda okuphelele kwezinqubo ze-migraine, sisazi okuningi nangaphezulu ngazo. okubangela (bheka izici zobungozi) kanye nezindlela zokulwa nakho.
Ingabe ngine-migraine noma ikhanda elicindezelayo? The izinkinga zekhanda yizinhlungu zekhanda ezibangela umuzwa we ukuqina ebunzini nasemathempelini. Lawa akuwona ama-migraines. Abantu abanezinhlungu zekhanda elicindezelayo iphuzu emhlabeni jikelele bahlala bengakhathazeki kakhulu ngamakhanda abo. Eqinisweni, abavamile ukubona udokotela ngalesi sizathu. Ikhanda elibuhlungu lesikhathi esisodwa noma elingapheli livame ukubangelwa ukungezwani kwemizwa noma ukukhathazeka. Ayibangeli isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza. |
Izinkinga
Ngisho noma i ubuhlungu ukuthi zibangelwa zikhulu kakhulu, i migraine ungabi nemiphumela yezempilo ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-migraine, ikakhulukazi ehambisana ne-aura, ihlotshaniswa nobungozi obukhula besikhathi eside bokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo.41, I-42. Ingozi ye-infarction ye-myocardial izokwandiswa nge-2 kwabagulayo be-migraine. Izindlela azikaqondakali kahle. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwamukela i- indlela yokuphila enempilo ukunciphisa ubungozi benhliziyo: ungabhemi, udle kahle futhi uvocavoca umzimba njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-migraine ingathinta kakhulu izinga lempilo yabantu abahlushwa yiyo. Kuyimbangela enkulu yokulova esikoleni nasemsebenzini. Ngakho-ke ukubaluleka kokubonisana nodokotela ukuthola ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.