I-Gestosis

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

Lezi yizifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ezibonakala ngesimo sokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo noma izitho zowesifazane. Leli gama laqalwa ngo-1996, phambilini okwakuthiwa yi-lateosis toxicosis. Owesifazane okhulelwe, uqala ukuzibonakalisa kusukela esontweni lama-20 futhi angahlala ezinsukwini ezingama-3-5 ngemuva kokubeletha.

Izinhlobo ze-gestosis

I-Gestosis ingaba ngezinhlobo ezimbili: emsulwa futhi ehlangene.

  1. 1 I-gestosis emsulwa iqala emasontweni angama-35 ukukhulelwa futhi ingahlala amasonto ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3. Kwenzeka kuphela kwabesifazane abangakaze bahlupheke kunoma yiziphi izifo ngaphambili. Ukuqala akukhona ngokungazelelwe, azikho izimpawu ezicacile. Ukuvuvukala okuncane okungenzeka, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokubeletha okuncane kweprotheni egazini. Zonke izimpawu ziyanyamalala ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemuva kokubeletha. Izinguquko emaphashini, isibindi nasesimisweni se-hemostasis azibonwa.
  2. 2 I-gestosis ehlanganisiwe iqala emasontweni angama-20, kunzima, ihlala cishe amasonto ayisithupha. Izibonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene, konke kuncike ezifweni zowesifazane okhulelwe. Lezi zifo kungaba: isifo sikashukela mellitus, izinkinga zezinso, umgudu wamathumbu, isibindi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, i-dystonia ye-neurocircular, ukutheleleka okungapheli. Uma kuhlanganiswa, kuyabonakala: ukunganeli kweplasenti, i-edema, amazinga amaprotheni womchamo ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuphazamiseka ku-autonomic, neuroendocrine system, ohlelweni lwe-hemostatic, ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba omzimba. Izinkinga zingenzeka: ngombungu - ukubambezeleka kokukhula, kowesifazane okhulelwe - izinkinga ezinkulu nge-coagulation yegazi (coagulation).

Izimbangela ze-gestosis

Yize lesi simo sifundwe kaninginingi, ayikho impendulo eyodwa ecacile yombuzo othi: "Ziyini izimbangela ze-preeclampsia?" Ososayensi babeke phambili inkolelo engaphezu kweyodwa yokuvela kwe-toxicosis sekwedlule isikhathi. Ake sicabangele ezithandwa kakhulu.

Abasekeli inkolelo ye-corticosteroid baphikisa ngokuthi i-preeclampsia uhlobo oluthile lwe-neurosis yowesifazane okhulelwe, oluphazamisa ubudlelwane bomzimba phakathi kokwakheka kwe-subcortical ne-cerebral cortex. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinhliziyo nemithambo yegazi iyaphazamiseka.

Umbono we-Endocrine ithi izinguquko ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwe-endocrine zidala izinkinga ekuguqulweni kwezicubu zomzimba nasekunikezelweni kwegazi ezithweni zangaphakathi, kanye nokuphazamisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinhliziyo.

Amalungu umbono we-immunological bakholelwa ukuthi zonke izimpawu ezivezwa yi-gestosis zivela ngenxa yokusabela okweqile kokuzivikela komzimba kwizicubu ezithile (ze-antigenic) zombungu, amasosha omzimba angazinaki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okujwayelekile.

Ufuzo bese bebeka phambili umbono wabo. Sebecubungule imininingwane eminingi, baqaphela ukuthambekela kokwanda kwenani le-gestosis kwabesifazane, emindenini yabo nonina wabo wahlushwa yi-toxicosis sekwedlule isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakuphiki ukuba khona kofuzo lwe-preeclampsia.

Ukukhuthazwa umbono we-placenta ngokuya ngeqiniso lokuthi izinguquko ezidingekayo zomzimba ezitsheni zesibeletho ezondla i-placenta azikho ngesikhathi se-gestosis. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba ufaka izinto ezisebenzayo ezivusa izinguquko ezimbi kulo lonke uhlelo lwemithambo sowesifazane okhulelwe.

Iqembu lobungozi

Iqembu elinobungozi lifaka amantombazane akhulelwe kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18 noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, owesifazane wokuqala futhi iminyaka yakhe ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-35.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kaningi futhi abanomlando womndeni we-toxicosis sekwedlule isikhathi nabo basengozini yokukhulelwa.

Ingozi yenkambo ejwayelekile yokukhulelwa ukuba khona kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezingamahlalakhona, izifo ezizimele (isibonelo, i-lupus erythematosus), isisindo esiningi, izifo zendlala yegilo, izinso, isibindi, umgudu wamathumbu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela.

Izimpawu ze-gestosis

Ngokusho ukubonakaliswa kwayo, i-gestosis ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine: i-edema, i-nephropathy, i-preeclampsia kowesifazane okhulelwe kanye ne-eclampsia.

Edema kungafihlwa noma kucace. Okokuqala, kuvela i-edema efihlekile - ivela ezigabeni zokuqala ze-gestosis ngenxa yokugcina uketshezi ezicutshini. Lolu ketshezi alunakususwa ngama-diuretics alula. Ukwamukelwa kwabo kungenza isimo sikamama okhulelwe nombungu wakhe kuphela. Akufanele uzitshele ukuthi i-gestosis uma kukhona ukuvuvukala. Akuyona yonke i-edema ehlotshaniswa nalesi sifo.

I-Nephropathy - isifo sezinso, esiqala ngeviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa, singaba mnene, silinganise futhi sibe nzima. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-nephropathy yilezi: i-edema, umfutho wegazi ophezulu (enye yezimpawu ezinkulu ze-gestosis, ngoba ikhombisa ukuqina kwe-vasospasm) ne-proteinuria (ukubukeka kwamaprotheni atholakala egazini).

umfutho ophakeme wegazi - lokhu kukhuphuka kwezinga lomfutho wegazi (inkomba ephezulu inyuka ngo-30 mm, kanti engezansi yeqa ngo-15 mm we-mercury).

Preeclampsia - isigaba esibi kakhulu se-toxicosis sekwephuzile, senzeka kuma-5% wabesifazane abakhulelwe, iningi labo eliwela kuma-primiparous. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze-nephropathy, owesifazane okhulelwe uphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu, isisindo ngemuva kwekhanda, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, izinkinga zokubona ziyenzeka, nokwanele kokubona okwenzekayo kungahle kungakhubazeki. Ngezinga elibi le-preeclampsia, inqubo yokuphakelwa kwegazi ejwayelekile ohlelweni oluphakathi lwezinzwa namaseli obuchopho iyaphazamiseka, okudala ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuhlukahlukene kowesifazane okhulelwe.

I-Eclampsia - isigaba esibi kakhulu futhi esiyingozi se-gestosis, esibonakala ngokuxakaniseka kwezimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi: ukuquleka kwemisipha yomzimba wonke, ngenxa yalokho ukucindezela kukhuphuka kakhulu. Ukweqa okunjalo kungadala ukuqhekeka komkhumbi wobuchopho, wona oholele ekushayweni unhlangothi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunosongo olukhulu lokuqothulwa kwe-placenta. Lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kombungu.

I-Gestosis ingaqhubeka ngendlela ecashile, engenazimpawu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimpawu zayo zingazibonakalisa ngejubane lombani futhi ziholele emiphumeleni eyinhlekelele.

Izinkinga nge-gestosis

Okungenakulungiswa kungenzeka uma unganaki ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo. Ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu, ukubeletha kungaqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi (lapho-ke ingane izobe isifikile ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ibuthakathaka). Noma i-placenta ingakhipha noma i-fetal hypoxia kungenzeka (womabili amacala azoholela ekufeni kwengane). Futhi, isifo sohlangothi, inhliziyo, izinso, ukwehluleka kwe-hepatic kungahle kuvele, i-edema yamaphaphu ingavela, i-retina yeso izokwazi ukuphuma. Ngakho-ke, akufanele ubeke engcupheni impilo nempilo yomuntu. Udinga ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu futhi uqaphele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanelekile ukugcina umkhuba okhethekile wansuku zonke wabesifazane abakhulelwe abane-toxicosis sekwephuzile.

Uhlobo lowesifazane okhulelwe one-gestosis

Owesifazane okhulelwe udinga ukuhola impilo ezolile, elinganisiwe. Ukuhlinzeka nge-oksijini ku-fetus, kuyadingeka ukuhamba emoyeni omusha (okungenani amahora ama-2 ngosuku).

Uma kungekho okuphikisanayo, ukwehlisa umoya, kuvunyelwe ukuvakashela ichibi noma ukwenza izivivinyo ze-yoga / zokuphefumula (ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuthinta i-gestosis emnene). Izinqubo ezinjalo zehlisa umfutho wegazi, zithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi kanye ne-diuresis (inani lomchamo elikhishiwe), linciphise ukungezwani, futhi zivule imithambo yegazi.

Uma kunenkambo enzima, ukuphumula kombhede kuyakhonjiswa.

Nganoma iyiphi inkambo ye-toxicosis ephuzile, abesifazane badinga ukulala okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ebusuku bese bephumula amahora angu-8-1,5 emini.

Kungcono ukukhetha umculo we-classical kumculo.

Kungcono ukugwema izixuku ezinkulu zabantu (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seSARS nomkhuhlane onamandla).

Ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala akuvunyelwe nakancane!

Imikhiqizo ewusizo ye-gestosis

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga ukufaka izithelo eziningi, amajikijolo nemifino ekudleni kwabo.

Kusuka kumajikijolo nezithelo, imifino namakhambi, abesifazane abakhulelwe banconywa ukuthi bengeze ekudleni kwabo:

  • ama-cranberries (ine-diuretic, bactericidal, blood pressure eyeing effect; ingadliwa noju noma ushukela);
  • i-grapefruit (ithuthukisa umphumela we-insulin ku-diabetes mellitus kowesifazane okhulelwe, futhi ijusi layo lingasetshenziswa njenge-diuretic yemvelo);
  • ukwatapheya (kuqinisa amasosha omzimba, kusiza ekujwayeleni imetabolism, iqukethe inani elincane likashukela, eliboniswa ukuthi lisetshenziswe ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela);
  • i-viburnum (iqukethe inani elikhulu le-vitamin C, ine-diuretic, sedative effect);
  • ilamula (ekhonjiswe ukusetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-toxicosis);
  • amakhiwane, amabhilikosi, ama-currants amnyama, ama-plums, amapentshisi (anqunyelwe i-anemia yomama);
  • irgu (esetshenziselwa ukulawula amazinga wegazi, ngama-spasms);
  • ama-lingonberries (amajikijolo namaqabunga asiza ekwelapheni izinso, aqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme, anciphise ukuvuvukala);
  • rose hips, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi (iqukethe amavithamini C, P, E, B - ayadingeka kakhulu enkambweni yokukhulelwa);
  • ithanga (iqeda izikhathi zokuhlanza, ungadla kusenesikhathi se-gestosis, ihambisana kahle nolamula);
  • iparsley (esebenza kahle ekulweni nesifo sokuqubuka kanye ne-edema kwabesifazane abakhulelwe);
  • chokeberry (kunciphisa umfutho wegazi, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ngesimo sejamu noma ijusi esanda kufinywa);
  • i-walnut (mhlawumbe incane, iqukethe amavithamini amaningi u-P no-E, asiza ekugcineni ukukhulelwa).

Nge-gestosis, kubalulekile ukunamathela kulezi zimiso zokudla okunempilo ezilandelayo:

Udinga ukudla ngezingxenyana ezincane, isikhathi sesikhathi phakathi kwesidlo ngasinye kufanele sibe ngamahora angu-2,5-3 (kufanele kube nokudla okungu-5-6 sekukonke).

Ngokungezwani okuqinile nephunga elihlukile, kungcono ukudla ukudla okubandayo, futhi kungcono ukungazihlanganisi izitsha ezinomsoco noma eziwuketshezi, kuyalulekwa ukuzidla ngokwahlukana.

Imizuzu engama-30-45 ngaphambi kokudla, awukwazi ukuphuza amanzi, amajusi, ama-jelly, ama-compotes, inani elidakiwe akumele lidlule amamililitha ayi-100 ngasikhathi.

Lapho uthola isisindo esingaphezu kuka-0,5 kg ngesonto, kunconywa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe ahlele usuku lokuzila kanye ngesonto (ungadla amakhilogremu ayi-1 wama-apula angenashukela noma amaphakethe ayi-1,5 e-cottage shizi kanye nesikhwama se-kefir esine-2 % amafutha ngosuku, noma ungadla u-0 kg wenyama yenkomo ebilisiwe ngaphandle kwezinongo, kepha ngekhukhamba). Okuqukethwe kwekhalori lokudliwe usuku lonke akufanele kudlule ama-calories ayi-0,8.

Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwawo wonke uketshezi (kufanele uqaphele ukuthi inani loketshezi olukhishwe emzimbeni kufanele lube i-oda eliphakeme kakhulu kunenani lazo zonke iziphuzo ezidakwayo ngosuku). Akudingeki uphuze ngaphezu kwamalitha ayi-1.5 ketshezi ngosuku (lokhu akubandakanyi amanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi netiye, isobho, ama-compotes, i-kefir).

Nge-toxicosis sekwephuzile, kungcono ukupheka izifundo zokuqala emhluzi wemifino noma obisini, futhi izitsha zesibili kufanele ziphekwe, zibiliswe noma zifuthwe. Kungcono ukudla inyama yezinhlobo ezingewona amafutha futhi kubhakwe noma kubiliswe.

Inani likasawoti wethebula ngosuku akumele lidlule u-5-8 amagremu (leli nani lingakhuphuka liye kuma-gramu ayi-15 ngokudla ikhekhe le-herring, i-sauerkraut noma ukhukhamba oqoshiwe).

Ukugcizelelwa kufanele kube ekudleni kwamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umama okhulelwe udinga ukudla ama-jellies, amazambane abhakiwe, i-jelly, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi, i-puree yezithelo, ngokulinganisela, ungadla izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamafutha (ukuthola i-Omega-3).

Ukuze uthole ukudla kwasekuseni kungcono ukupheka iphalishi (i-oatmeal, amabele, i-buckwheat, i-semolina, i-pearl yebhali). Kunconywa ukwengeza uwoyela omncane wemifino noma izithelo ezintsha namajikijolo ephalishi.

Imithi yendabuko ye-gestosis

Ku-arsenal yemithi yendabuko, kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene zokuqeda izimpawu ze-preeclampsia.

  • Ukuze wehlise umoya Ncoma ukuphuza ukuminywa, ama-decoctions netiye zeminti, i-lemon balm, i-cyanosis, impande ye-valerian ne-calamus, amaqabunga we-motherwort, i-fireweed, i-parsley,
  • Ukususa uketshezi ezicutshini Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise usilika wommbila, umbila wamabele, ama-birch buds, i-pharmacy agaric, i-artichoke.
  • Ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi sebenzisa i-decoction ye-viburnum, i-rose yasendle, i-hawthorn.
  • Ukwenza ngcono i-microcirculation yezinso sebenzisa i-fireweed, i-birch elengayo, i-goldenrod yaseCanada.
  • Ukugcina ukukhulelwa kubalulekile ukuthatha ukumnika kwamaqabunga, izimbali ze-carnation ne-calendula.
  • Nge-anemia, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele anikezwe ukumnika kwe-clover.

Lawa makhambi angathathwa yedwa noma ngokuhlanganiswa. Noma iyiphi ye-decoctions ithathwa kathathu ngosuku ngenkomishi engu-3/1.

Amakhambi angavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ku-gestosis:

izindlebe zebhere lotshani, impande ye-licorice, i-clover emnandi, i-sage yezokwelapha, i-chamomile, i-horsetail.

Ukudla okuyingozi nokulimazayo nge-gestosis

  • ubhanana, amagilebhisi;
  • ukudla okusheshayo;
  • okubabayo, okubhemayo, okunosawoti, okunamafutha, okuthosiwe;
  • ikhofi, ukhokho, itiye eliphekiwe eliqinile, isoda, utshwala, iziphuzo zamandla;
  • amakhowe;
  • amaswidi, ukhilimu we-khekhe, imajarini;
  • izinongo, izinongo;
  • ifektri ukudla okusemathinini, amasoseji, amasoseji, imayonnaise, nososo;
  • equkethe ama-GMO nezithasiselo zokudla.

Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunjalo kungaholela ekutheni ukhuluphale ngokweqile, ushukela ophakeme wegazi kanye namazinga aphezulu we-cholesterol. Lokhu kuzofaka phakathi ushintsho ekwakhiweni kwegazi, ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, ukunikezelwa kwegazi okungakhubazekile ku-placenta nokondleka kombungu, okuholela ezinkingeni zezinso, isibindi, inhliziyo. Uma kuhlanganiswe nezimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona, lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!

Ukudla okunomsoco kwezinye izifo:

shiya impendulo