Ukungezwani kokudla: konke odinga ukukwazi ngokungezwani nokudla

Ukungezwani kokudla: konke odinga ukukwazi ngokungezwani nokudla

Ukusabela okubangelwa ukudla kungenzeka ngezindlela ngokuzumayo, phakathi namahora angu-2 okuphuza, noma kanjalo ukubambezeleka, kufika emahoreni angu-48 kamuva. Leli shidi likhuluma kuphela ukusabela ngokushesha kubangelwe izifo ekudleni. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nokungabekezelelani kwe-gluten, ubuthi bokudla noma ukungezwani kokudla, bheka amashidi ethu anikezelwe kulezi zihloko.

THEukungezwani kokudla ukusabela okungavamile kwe ukuzivikela komzimba kulandela ukungeniswa kokudla.

Imvamisa izimpawu zithambile: ukuluma ezindebeni, ukulunywa noma ukuqubuka. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ukungezwani komzimba kungase kube kubi kakhulu futhi ngisho ngokubulala. Kufanele-ke sikuvale ukudla noma ukudla okukhulunywa ngakho. EFrance, kufa abantu abangu-50 kuya ku-80 unyaka ngamunye ngenxa yokungezwani nokudla.

Ukungezwani nokudla kuvame ukuvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-4. Kule minyaka, isimiso sokugaya ukudla kanjalo namasosha omzimba awakavuthwa, okwenza kube lula ukungezwani nezinto ezithile.

Nakhu akukho ukwelashwa okwelaphayo. Isixazululo kuphela ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwe-allergenic.

Qaphela: Nakuba kuyivelakancane, abanye abantu basabela ngokuqinile ekufakweni kwezinto ezihlukahlukene izithasiselo zokudla. Ukusabela kungaba ukungezwani komzimba kwangempela uma isithako, ngisho noma singenawo amaprotheni, singcoliswe okunye ukudla okuqukethe. Isibonelo, i-soy lecithin, engeyona i-allergenic, ingangcoliswa ngamaprotheni e-soy. Kodwa ngokuvamile kuba a Ukungabekezelelani kokudla ozimpawu zazo zifana nezokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Izithasiselo ezifana ne-sulfite, i-tartrazine, nama-salicylates zingabangela ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic noma ukuhlasela kwesifuba somoya. Umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100 abane-asthma uyazwela ama-sulphites2.

Izimpawu zokungezwani nokudla

The izimpawu ze-allergies kuvame ukuvela phakathi nemizuzu yokudla ukudla (futhi kufike emahoreni ama-2 ngemva kwalokho).

Imvelo nokuqina kwazo kuyehluka kumuntu nomuntu. Zingabandakanya noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, zodwa noma zihlangene.

  • Izimpawu zesikhumba : ukulunywa, ukuqubuka, ububomvu, ukuvuvukala kwezindebe zomlomo, ubuso nezitho.
  • Izimpawu zokuphefumula : ukuphefumula, ukuzwa ukuvuvukala emphinjeni, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuzwa ukuphefumula.
  • Izimpawu zokugaya : amajaqamba esiswini, uhudo, colic, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. (Uma lezi kuwukuphela kwezimpawu ezitholiwe, akuvamile ukuthi imbangela ibe ukungezwani nokudla.)
  • Izimpawu zenhliziyo : i-pallor, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka, isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Amazwi

  • Ngakho-ke umbuzo wokuthi ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic, izimpawu kufanele zivezwe kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuhileleke uhlelo olungaphezu kolulodwa (okucutaneous, ukuphefumula, ukugaya ukudla, imithambo yenhliziyo).
  • Ngakho umbuzo othi a ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, kufanele kwehle umfutho wegazi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqulekeni, i-arrhythmia ngisho nokufa.

kwesifo

Ngokuvamile udokotela uqala ngokufunda ngomlando womuntu siqu nowomndeni wesiguli. Ubuza imibuzo mayelana nokwenzeka kwe izimpawu, okuqukethwe kokudla nokudla okulula, njll. Ekugcineni, uqeda ukuxilongwa kwakhe ngokwenza okukodwa noma okunye ukuhlolwa okulandelayo, njengoba kungaba njalo.

  • Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Iconsi lochungechunge lwezixazululo ngayinye equkethe inani elincane le-allergen isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene esikhumbeni. Khona-ke, usebenzisa inaliti, hlaba kancane isikhumba lapho okukhishwe khona.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri ye-UNICAP kukala inani lamasosha omzimba (“IgE” noma i-immunoglobulin E) eliqondene nokudla okuthile kusampula yegazi.
  • Ukuhlolwa kokucasuka. Lokhu kuhlola kudinga ukungeniswa kwenani elincane lokudla. Yenziwa kuphela esibhedlela, nge-allergenist.

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-allergenic

The ukudla bridge ama-allergen azifani ukusuka kwelinye izwe kuya kwelinye. Ziyahlukahluka ikakhulukazi kuye ngohlobo lokudla. Ngokwesibonelo, at Japan, ukungezwani nerayisi kudlangile, kuyilapho emazweni aseScandinavia, kubangelwa ukungezwani nezinhlanzi. Ngo Canada, lokhu kudla okulandelayo kunomthelela cishe ku-90% wokungalungi ukudla okunzima4 :

  • amantongomane (amantongomane);
  • izithelo ezigobile (ama-alimondi, amantongomane aseBrazil, ama-cashews, ama-hazelnuts noma ama-filberts, amantongomane ama-macadamia, ama-pecans, amantongomane kaphayini, ama-pistachios, ama-walnuts);
  • ubisi lwenkomo;
  • amaqanda;
  • inhlanzi;
  • ukudla kwasolwandle (ikakhulukazi inkalankala, ama-lobster nama-shrimp);
  • isoya;
  • ukolweni (kanye nezinhlobo zomzali zokusanhlamvu: i-kamut, isipelingi, i-triticale);
  • imbewu ye-sesame.

Ukungezwani komzimba ne- ubisi lwenkomo yilokho okwenzeka kakhulu ezinganeni, ngaphambi kokwethulwa kokudla okuqinile. Lokhu kunjalo cishe ku-2,5% wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa1.

 

Kuyini ukungezwani komzimba

Lapho isebenza kahle, i- izivikeli mzimba ithola igciwane, isibonelo, futhi ikhiqize amasosha omzimba (ama-immunoglobulins noma i-Ig) ukuze alwe nalo. Endabeni yomuntu ongezwani nokudla, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sisabela ngendlela engafanele: sihlasela ukudla, sikholelwa ukuthi siyisihlukumezi sokuqeda. Lokhu kuhlasela kubangela umonakalo, futhi imiphumela emzimbeni miningi: ukulunywa, ukuba bomvu esikhumbeni, ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila, njll. Lokhu kusabela kubangelwa ukukhululwa kwezinto eziningana ezivusa ukuvuvukala: i-histamine, i-prostaglandin ne-leukotrienes. Qaphela ukuthi amasosha omzimba awaphenduli ngokumelene nazo zonke izingxenye zokudla, kodwa kuphela ngokumelene nento eyodwa noma ezimbalwa. Kuhlale kungu-a amaprotheni; akunakwenzeka ukungezwani noshukela noma amafutha.

Bona Umdwebo wethu Opopayi Wokusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba.

Ngokombono, izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zivela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa 2e contact nokudla. Ekuxhumaneni kokuqala nokudla kwe-allergenic, umzimba, ikakhulukazi amasosha omzimba, "uyazwela". Kothintwayo olandelayo, uzobe ekulungele ukusabela. Ngakho-ke ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka ngezigaba ezi-2.  

Chofoza ukuze ubone ukungezwani komzimba ku-animation

I-Cross-allergies

Lokhu'izifo ezintweni ezifana namakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, umuntu ongazwani nobisi lwenkomo kungenzeka ukuthi angezwani nobisi lwembuzi, ngenxa yokufana kobisi lwenkomo. amaprotheni.

Abanye abantu abaziyo ukuthi bayaliwa nokudla okuthile bakhetha ukungakudli okunye ukudla komndeni ofanayo ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi kungase kubangele ukusabela okubi. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo esinjalo, njengoba kungabandakanyi ukudla kungadala ukuntula. Kusuka ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba vumela ukuthola i-cross-allergies.

Nakhu ukubuka konke okuyinhloko ukungezwani komzimba.

Uma i-allergic ku:

Ukusabela okungenzeka ngokuthi:

Ukuhlola ingozi:

I-legume (i-peanut ingenye yazo)

Enye legume

5%

I-Peanut

Inadi

35%

Inadi

Enye inadi

37% kuya 50%

Inhlanzi

Enye inhlanzi

50%

Okusanhlamvu

Okunye okusanhlamvu

20%

kwaselwandle

Okunye ukudla kwasolwandle

75%

Ubisi lwenkomo

Beef

5% kuya 10%

Ubisi lwenkomo

Ubisi lwezimbuzi

92%

I-Latex (isibonelo, amagilavu)

Kiwi, banana, ukwatapheya

35%

Kiwi, banana, ukwatapheya

I-Latex (isibonelo, amagilavu)

11%

Umthombo: I-Quebec Association of Food Allergy

 

Kwesinye isikhathi abantu abangazwani nempova babuye bangezwani nezithelo noma imifino emisha, noma amantongomane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-oral allergies syndrome. Isibonelo, umuntu ongazwani nempova ye-birch angase alume izindebe zomlomo, ulimi, ulwanga nomphimbo lapho edla i-apula noma isanqante eluhlaza. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, ne-uvula, kanye nomuzwa wokuqina emphinjeni kungase kwenzeke. I izimpawu yalesi syndrome ngokuvamile imnene futhi ingozii-anaphylaxis ibuthakathaka. Lokhu kusabela kwenzeka kuphela ngemikhiqizo eluhlaza kusukela ukupheka kubhubhisa i-allergen ngokushintsha isakhiwo seprotheni. I-Oral Allergy Syndrome iwuhlobo lwe-cross-allergies.

Evolution

  • Ukungezwani komzimba okuvame ukuthuthuka noma ukunyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: ukungezwani nobisi lwenkomo, amaqanda kanye nesoya.
  • I-Allergies evame ukuphikelela impilo yonke: ukungezwani komzimba namantongomane, amantongomane esihlahla, inhlanzi, izinhlanzi zasolwandle kanye nesesame.
 
 

Ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kanye nokushaqeka

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-1% kuya ku-2% wabantu baseCanada basengozini ukuphendula i-anaphylactic6, ukungezwani okukhulu nokuzumayo. Cishe izikhathi ezi-1 kwezingu-3, ​​ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kubangelwa izifo okondlayo3. Uma kungelashwanga ngokushesha, ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kungadlulela ekushayweni kwe-anaphylactic, okungukuthi ukwehla komfutho wegazi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kanye nokufa, emizuzwini embalwa (bona izimpawu ngezansi). ngezansi). Igama elithi anaphylaxis livela esiGrekini ana = okuphambene futhi phula = ukuvikelwa, okusho ukuthi le mpendulo yomzimba iphikisana nalokho esikufunayo.

Ukungezwani komzimba namantongomane, Kuya i-noix, Kuya inhlanzi futhi ukudla kwasolwandle bavame ukubandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kwe-anaphylactic.

Ama-vapor namaphunga: angabangela ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic?

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, inqobo nje uma kungekho ukungenisa ekudleni okungezwani nomzimba, mancane amathuba okuthi kube khona ukungezwani okukhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu ongazwani nezinhlanzi angase abe mnene izimpawu zokuphefumula emva kokuphefumula ukupheka umhwamuko yenhlanzi, isibonelo. Uma ushisa inhlanzi, amaprotheni ayo ashintshashintsha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka i-allergies yezinhlanzi, akukhuthazwa ukupheka izinhlanzi zezinhlanzi nokunye ukudla kuhhavini ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze ugweme ukungcola. Ukuhogela izinhlayiya zokudla kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba, kodwa kube mnene

Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, ukuhogela iphunga lokudla ongezwani nakho ekhishini kumane kwakha ukusabela kokudelela, ngaphandle kokusabela kwangempela kwe-allergic.

Kaningi kaningi?

I-allergies, ngempela?

Cishe ingxenye yesine yemindeni ikholelwa ukuthi okungenani ilungu elilodwa lomndeni liyangezwani nokudla, ngokocwaningo olwahlukahlukene3. Eqinisweni, kungaba okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunzima ukuhlukanisa, ngaphandle kokuxilongwa, ukungezwani komzimba kolunye uhlobo lokusabela ekudleni okufana nokungabekezelelani kokudla.

Namuhla, 5% kuya ku-6% wezingane okungenani ube nokungezwani kokudla okukodwa3. Okunye ukungezwani komzimba nokuba ngcono noma kuyaphela ngokukhula. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe Ama-4% abantu abadala phila nalolu hlobo lwe-allergies3.

Ngokombiko weCenters of Disease Control and Prevention, isikhungo sikahulumeni wase-US esibhekele ukuvikela, ukwanda kwabantu abangezwani nokudla kunyuke ngo-18% kulabo abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-18, phakathi kuka-1997 no-2007.20. Isibalo sokusabela okubi kuthiwa senyukile. Nokho, njengoba ababhali bezifundo ezi-2 ezishicilelwe ngo-2010 bebonisa21,22, izibalo zokuvama kokungezwani komzimba nokudla ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngocwaningo nocwaningo. Futhi nakuba kubonakala kunokuthambekela okukhuphukayo, angeke kushiwo ngokuqinisekile.

Sekukonke, izifo zemvelaphi iguliswa (ezinye izimo ze-eczema, i-rhinitis ye-allergic, isifuba somoya kanye ne-urticaria) zivame kakhulu namuhla kuneminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule. Ukuthambekela kokungalungi, okubizwa ngokuthi i-atopy ku-jargon yezokwelapha, kuzokwanda kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Singasho ukuthini ukuqhubeka kwalezi zifo ze-atopic?

 

shiya impendulo