Uma uzama ukuyeka ukubhema, ukudla imifino nezithelo kungakusiza ukuthi uyeke futhi uhlale ungabhemi, ngokocwaningo olusha lweNyuvesi yaseBuffalo olushicilelwe ku-inthanethi.
Lolu cwaningo, olushicilelwe ku-Nicotine and Tobacco Research, luwucwaningo lokuqala lwesikhathi eside lobudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino kanye nokululama ekuluthweni kwe-nicotine.
Ababhali abavela e-University of Buffalo Institute of Public Health and Health Professions benze inhlolovo kwababhemayo abayi-1000 abaneminyaka engu-25 nangaphezulu ezweni lonke besebenzisa izingxoxo zocingo ezingahleliwe. Bathinta abaphendulile ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-14 babuza ukuthi bebengawuthinti yini ugwayi ngenyanga edlule.
“Olunye ucwaningo luye lwathatha indlela eyodwa, lubuza ababhemayo nabangabhemi ngokudla kwabo,” kusho uDkt. Gary A. Giovino, usihlalo woMnyango Wezempilo Yomphakathi kanye Nokuziphatha Okunempilo e-UB. “Sasazi ngomsebenzi wangaphambili ukuthi abantu abangabhemi isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha badla izithelo nemifino kakhulu kunababhemayo. Esingazi ukuthi labo abayeka ukubhema baqala yini ukudla izithelo nemifino eyengeziwe, noma labo abaqala ukudla izithelo nemifino kakhulu bagcine beyekile yini.”
Lolu cwaningo lwathola ukuthi ababhemayo abadla izithelo nemifino kakhulu banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuthi bangagwayi okungenani inyanga yonke kunalabo abadla izithelo nemifino embalwa kakhulu. Le miphumela yaqhubeka ngisho nalapho ilungiselelwa ubudala, ubulili, uhlanga/ubuhlanga, ukuzuzwa kwemfundo, imali engenayo, kanye nezintandokazi zezempilo.
Kuphinde kwatholakala ukuthi ababhemayo abadla imifino nezithelo eziningi babebhema ugwayi omncane ngosuku, balinde isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokukhanyisa ugwayi wabo wokuqala wosuku, futhi bathole amaphuzu aphansi ekuhlolweni kokulutheka kwe-nicotine.
"Kungenzeka ukuthi sithole ithuluzi elisha lokusiza abantu ukuba bayeke ukubhema," kusho uJeffrey P. Haibach, MPhD, umbhali wokuqala wocwaningo.
"Yebo, lolu kusewucwaningo lwenhlolovo, kodwa ukudla okunomsoco okungcono kungakusiza ukuba uyeke." Izincazelo eziningana zingenzeka, njengokungabi umlutha we-nicotine noma iqiniso lokuthi ukudla i-fiber kwenza abantu bazizwe begcwele.
“Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi izithelo nemifino kwenza abantu bazizwe besuthi, ngakho isidingo sabo sokubhema siyancipha ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ababhemayo badida indlala nesifiso sokubhema,” kuchaza uHaibach.
Futhi, ngokungafani nokudla okuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kukagwayi, njengenyama, iziphuzo ezine-caffeine notshwala, izithelo nemifino akukuthuthukisi ukunambitheka kukagwayi.
“Izithelo nemifino kungenza ugwayi unambitheke kabi,” kusho uHaibach.
Nakuba inani lababhemayo e-US lehla, uGiovino uphawula ukuthi ukuncipha kwehle eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Uthi: “Amaphesenti ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye abantu baseMelika basabhema ugwayi, kodwa cishe bonke bafuna ukuwuyeka.
UHeibach uyanezela: “Mhlawumbe ukudla okungcono kungenye yezindlela zokuyeka ukubhema. Kudingeka siqhubeke nokugqugquzela nokusiza abantu ukuba bayeke ukubhema sisebenzisa izindlela ezifakazelwe njengezinhlelo zokuyeka, amathuluzi enqubomgomo afana nokunyuswa kwentela kagwayi nemithetho emelene nokubhema, nemikhankaso yabezindaba ephumelelayo.”
Abacwaningi baxwayisa ngokuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholwe ukuthi imiphumela iyaphinda yini. Uma kunjalo, udinga ukunquma izindlela zokuthi izithelo nemifino kusiza kanjani ukuyeka ukubhema. Udinga futhi ukwenza ucwaningo ngezinye izingxenye zokudla okunomsoco.
UDkt. Gregory G. Homeish, UProfesa Ohlangene Wezempilo Yomphakathi kanye Nokuziphatha Okunempilo, naye ungumbhali-mbhali.
Lolu cwaningo beluxhaswe yiRobert Wood Johnson Foundation.