Isikhulumi esigobile (Infundibulicybe geotropa) isithombe nencazelo

Isikhulumi sigobile (Infundibulicybe geotropa)

• I-Clitocybe ifakiwe
• I-Clitocybe gilva var. i-geotropic

Igama lamanje: Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull. ex DC.) Harmaja, Annales Botanici Fennici 40 (3): 216 (2003)

Isikhulumi, sigobile njengomdlwane, sikhula ngokungalingani. Okokuqala, umlenze onamandla uyaphuma, bese isigqoko siqala ukukhula. Ngakho-ke, izilinganiso ze-fungus zishintsha njalo ngesikhathi sokukhula.

ikhanda: ngobubanzi obungu-8-15 cm, ingakhula kalula ibe ngu-20 ngisho nangamasentimitha angu-30. Ekuqaleni i-convex, i-convex eyisicaba, ene-tubercle encane ebukhali phakathi nendawo kanye nomphetho omncane ovele phezulu. Kumakhowe amancane, ikepisi libukeka lincane ngokulinganayo ngokuphathelene nesiqu eside nesiwugqinsi. Njengoba ikhula, i-cap iqondisa, iba ekuqaleni ngisho, bese icindezelekile noma ifane ne-funnel, kuyilapho i-tubercle encane phakathi nendawo, njengomthetho, ihlala. Ingaphinyiswa kakhudlwana noma kancane, kodwa cishe ihlala ikhona.

Omile, abushelelezi. Umbala we-cap yesikhulumi esigobile uyahlukahluka kakhulu: ungaba mhlophe, ube mhlophe, uphondo lwendlovu, i-fawn, ibomvu, iphuzi engcolile, i-brownish, i-yellow-brown, ngezinye izikhathi ibe namabala agqwalile.

amarekhodi: kaningi, ngamapuleti avamile, mncane, ehla. Ezibonelweni ezincane, ezimhlophe, kamuva - ukhilimu, ophuzi.

i-spore powder: mhlophe.

Impikiswano: 6-10 x 4-9 microns (ngokusho kwamaNtaliyane - 6-7 x 5-6,5 microns), i-ellipsoid, oval noma cishe eyindilinga.

Leg: inamandla kakhulu, ibonakala ikakhulukazi kumakhowe amancane anezigqoko ezincane, ezingakakhuli.

Ubude bungu-5-10 (15) cm no-1-3 cm ububanzi, obumaphakathi, obuyisilinda, bunwetshwe ngokulinganayo bubheke esisekelweni, esiminyene, esiqinile, esine-fibrous, esine-pubescence emhlophe ngezansi:

Kubulawe (okuqinile), kuyaqabukela (ebakhuluma abantu abadala kakhulu) ngembobo encane emaphakathi esobala. Unombala owodwa onesigqoko noma okhanyayo, onsundu kancane phansi. Emakhowe amadala, angase abe mnyama kunekepisi, abomvu, inyama ephakathi kwesiqu ihlala imhlophe.

Umtfumbu: okuwugqinsi, okuminyene, okuxegayo esiqwini, kuxutshwe kancane emifanekisweni yabantu abadala. Okumhlophe, okumhlophe, esimweni sezulu esimanzi - amanzi-amhlophe. Iziqephu zezibungu zingahlukaniswa ngombala onsundu, onsundu ngokugqwalile.

iphunga: Inamandla impela, amakhowe, okubabayo kancane, ingaba 'hlaba' kancane, ngezinye izikhathi ichazwa ngokuthi 'i-nutty' noma 'i-alimondi ebabayo', ngezinye izikhathi 'njengephunga elimnandi lezimbali'.

Taste: ngaphandle kwezici.

Isikhulumi esigobile sihlala emahlathini aluhlaza naxubekile enhlabathini ecebile (i-humus, i-chernozem), noma enamaqabunga aqinile angapheli, ezindaweni ezikhanyayo, emaphethelweni, ezihlahleni, ku-moss, ngokukodwa futhi ngamaqembu, emigqeni nasemasongweni, akha. "izindlela ze-elf" kanye "nemibuthano yabathakathi".

Ngokuhlanganiswa okuphumelelayo kwezimo, ekuhlanzeni okukodwa, ungagcwalisa amabhasikidi ambalwa amakhulu.

Ikhula kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. I-Misa fruiting kusukela maphakathi no-August kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-September. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele nasezifundeni eziseningizimu, kwenzeka futhi ngoNovemba-December, kuze kufike kuqhwa ngisho nangemva kwesithwathwa sokuqala kanye neqhwa lokuqala.

I-Infundibulicybe geotropa ngokusobala i-cosmopolitan: uhlobo lusatshalaliswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izifunda lapho amahlathi afanelekile noma ukutshala kutholakala khona.

Isikhulumi esigobile sithathwa njengekhowe elidliwayo elinemibandela elinambitheka emaphakathi (isigaba sesine). Ukubilisa kwangaphambili kunconywa, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene - kusukela kwesinye kuya kwezimbili noma kathathu, ubilise okungenani imizuzu engu-20, ukhiphe umhluzi, ungasebenzisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, encwadini ethi "Amakhowe. I-Illustrated Reference Book (u-Andreas Gminder, u-Tania Bening) uthi “Iyi-Mushroom Edliwayo Eyigugu”, kodwa kudliwa amakepisi amakhowe amancane kuphela.

Ngingaphikisa… ngazo zonke lezi zitatimende.

Okokuqala, amakhowe amnandi kakhulu, anokunambitheka kwawo, azikho izinongo ezengeziwe ezidingekayo lapho uthosa. Ukunambitheka kufana nokukhumbuza ukunambitheka kwamakhowe e-oyster, mhlawumbe imigqa enemilenze ye-lilac: emnandi, ethambile. Ukuthungwa okuhle kakhulu, akuntanti, akuqhekeki.

Okwesibili, akukho lutho ngempela kuma-caps amakhowe amancane, mancane. Kodwa imilenze abasha, uma ngempela kwadingeka ukuqoqa, kakhulu ngisho lutho. Bilisa, uthathe izindandatho futhi - epanini lokuthosa. Kubantu abadala abakhulumayo, kulabo abanezigqoko ezivele zikhule zibe osayizi ngokulingana nesiqu, kungcono ngempela ukuqoqa izigqoko kuphela: imilenze yomibili i-fibrous-fibrous in the layer yangaphandle kanye ne-cotton-wool phakathi.

Ngibilisa kabili: okokuqala ngibilisa imizuzu embalwa, ngigeza amakhowe bese ngibilisa okwesibili, isikhathi esiphezulu semizuzu engu-10.

Futhi embuzweni wokudla. Kwenye indawo yolimi lwesiNgisi mayelana ne-Infundibulicybe geotropa, kubhalwe okuthile okufana nokulandelayo (ukuhumusha kwamahhala):

Ingxenye encane yabantu ayithathi le mushroom, izimpawu zibonakaliswa ngendlela yokugaya okuncane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyi-mushroom emnandi, enenyama okufanele nakanjani uzame inani elincane, kubalulekile kuphela ukuyipheka kahle. Izixwayiso ezinjalo [ngokungabekezelelani] zivame ukweqiwa abamemezeli abanovalo. Ngeke ubone izincwadi zokupheka ezixwayisa mayelana nokungabekezelelani kwe-gluten kuyo yonke iresiphi.

Fry amakepisi njengenyama kuze kube yilapho eqala ukufana ne-caramelize, ekhipha ukunambitheka kwawo okucebile kwe-umami.

Isayithi elifanayo lincoma ukuthosa izigqoko, futhi "ukuthumela imilenze epanini", okungukuthi, ukuyisebenzisela isobho.

Isikhulumi esigobile singathoswa (njengoba wonke umuntu, ngithemba ukuthi, aqondwa ngemva kokubilisa kokuqala), usawoti, u-marine, uphekwe ngamazambane, imifino noma inyama, isobho elilungisiwe kanye nama-gravies asekelwe kuwo.

I-Clitocybe gibba

ingabukeka njengesithombe kuphela uma kungekho lutho oluseduze lwesikali. Isikhulumi sefaneli sincane kakhulu ngazo zonke izindlela.

I-warbler enezinyawo ze-club (Ampulloclitocybe clavipes)

Kungase futhi kufane nesithombe kuphela. Isikhulumi esinezinyawo zekilabhu sincane, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - njengoba negama lisho - umlenze wakhe ufana ne-mace: unwebeka kakhulu ukusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unganqamuli ama-caps kuphela lapho uvuna, kodwa ukukhipha wonke amakhowe.

Ingulube enkulu (Leucopaxillus giganteus)

ingase ibukeke njengeGovorushka enkulu egobile, kodwa ayinayo i-tubercle emaphakathi ecacile, futhi i-Leucopaxillus giganteus ivame ukuba nesimo sesigqoko "esingavamile". Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Giant Pig ikhula “ngokulinganayo” kusukela ebuntwaneni, amaphuphu ayo awabukeki njengezinzipho ezinemilenze ewugqinsi namakepisi amancane.

I-Royal oyster mushroom (i-Eringi, i-Steppe oyster mushroom) (Pleurotus eryngii)

esemncane, kungase kubonakale sengathi uGovorushka osemusha ogobile - isigqoko esifanayo esingathuthukisiwe kanye nomlenze ovuvukalayo. Kodwa u-Eringa unamapuleti ehla kakhulu, anwebeka kude nomlenze, kancane kancane aphela. Umlenze ka-Eringa uyadliwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubilisa isikhathi eside, futhi isigqoko sivame ukuba nohlangothi olulodwa (igama elidumile elithi “Steppe Single Barrel”). Futhi, ekugcineni, u-Eringi, nokho, uvame kakhulu esuphamakethe kunasehlathini eligawulayo.

Isikhulumi esigobile siyathakazelisa ngoba singavezwa ngemibala ehluke kakhulu: kusuka kokumhlophe, okumhlophe okubisi kuya kokungcolile okuphuzi-okubomvu-nsundu. Akuyona ize ukuthi elinye lamagama lithi “Isikhulumi esinekhanda elibomvu”.

Ngokuvamile ama-specimens amancane alula, kanti lezo ezindala zithola imibala ebomvu.

Izincazelo ezahlukahlukene kwesinye isikhathi zisho ukuthi amakepisi ansundu angafiphala aze afike kumakhowe avuthiwe.

Kukholelwa ukuthi amakhowe "ehlobo" amnyama, futhi akhule esimweni sezulu esipholile - alula.

Ekulungiseleleni le nto, ngibuyekeze imibuzo engaphezu kwe-100 lapha ku-"Qualifier", futhi angizange ngibone ukuhlobana okucacile phakathi kombala nesikhathi sokutholwa: kukhona amakhowe "abomvu" ngokoqobo eqhweni, kukhona ukukhanya okukhulu kukaJulayi. ngisho nezikaJuni.

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