I-Barotraumatic otitis ukulimala kwezicubu zendlebe okubangelwa ukushintsha kwengcindezi. Kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukulimala kwe-eardrum, ukungezwa kanye nezimpawu ze-vestibular. Ngokuya ngezimpawu, i-barotrauma iphathwa ngokunikeza ama-decongestants kanye / noma ama-antibiotic. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka. I-ear barotrauma ingagwenywa ngokudlulisela izenzo ezifanele okufanele zithathwe ezifundweni ezisengozini (abatshuzi, abandizayo). 

I-barotraumatic otitis ukulimala kwezicubu zendlebe okubangelwa ukushintsha okungazelelwe komfutho womoya.

Izimbangela

I-Barotrauma yenzeka lapho umzimba ungaphansi kokwenyuka kwengcindezi (i-scuba diving, ukulahlekelwa ukuphakama kwendiza) noma ukwehla kwengcindezi (indiza ithola ukuphakama, i-diver iza phezulu).

I-barotraumatic otitis ibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-eustachian tube, i-duct etholakala ezingeni le-eardrum ehlanganisa i-pharynx nendlebe ephakathi. Uma kuba noshintsho ekucindezelweni kwangaphandle, ishubhu le-eustachian lilinganisela ukucindezela ezinhlangothini zombili zesigubhu sendlebe ngokuvumela umoya ongaphandle ukuba ungene (noma uphume) endlebeni ephakathi. Uma i-eustachian tube inesici, umoya awukwazi ukuphuma noma ukungena endlebeni ephakathi, okuholela ku-barotrauma.

kwesifo

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngohlobo lwezimpawu nomlando wesiguli (ukutshuza, ukundiza kokuphakama). Ngokuya ngezimpawu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Audiometric (umkhawulo wokuqonda, ukucwaswa kwezwi, ukuziphendulela kwe-acoustic, njll.)
• ukuhlolwa kwe-vestibular

Abantu abathintekayo

I-Barotrauma ithinta ikakhulukazi abantu abangaphansi kokuhlukahluka okunamandla kwengcindezi endaweni abasebenza kuyo, ikakhulukazi abahlukahlukene kanye nabasebenza emoyeni. I-Ear barotrauma idala izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezingozi ze-scuba diving.

Izici zengozi

Noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala (ngenxa ye-allergies, ukutheleleka, isibazi, isisu) se-airways ephezulu (i-pharynx, i-larynx, i-nasal passages) noma indlebe evimbela ukucindezela ekulinganiseni kwandisa ingozi ye-barotrauma.

Ukubonakaliswa kwe-barotrauma kwenzeka cishe ngokushesha lapho ingcindezi ishintsha. 

Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-eustachian tube, umehluko wokucindezela komoya phakathi kwe-eardrum ne-pharynx ungabangela:

• Ubuhlungu obunodlame ekujuleni kwendlebe
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okungahamba kuze kufike ekungezwani
• Ukulimala noma ukubhobozwa kwesigubhu sendlebe okungaholela ekopheni
• Izimpawu ze-Vestibular (isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza)
• Uma umehluko wengcindezi mkhulu kakhulu, iwindi eliyisiyingi (ukungena endlebeni yangaphakathi lisuka endlebeni ephakathi) nalo lingagqabuka. Ngemva kwalokhu kugqabuka, yonke imigodi yendlebe iyaxhumana okubangela ukuvuza koketshezi olusuka endlebeni engaphakathi luye endlebeni ephakathi. Ingaphakathi lendlebe lisengozini yokulimala unomphela. 

Ezimweni eziningi ze-barotrauma, ukwelashwa kuyimpawu. Kodwa ezinye izilonda zingadinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile. I-ear barotrauma iphathwa ngokunikeza ama-decongestants (i-oxymetazoline, i-pseudo-ephedrine) ukuze kube lula ukuvuleka kwemigudu yomoya evinjiwe. Izimo ezimbi kakhulu zingelashwa nge-nasal corticosteroids.

Uma kunokopha noma izimpawu zokuphuma kwamanzi, ama-antibiotics anikezwa (isibonelo, i-amoxicillin noma i-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole).

Ukubonisana kwe-ENT kuboniswa phambi kwezimpawu ezinzima noma ezihlala njalo. Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukuze kwelashwe umonakalo omkhulu endlebeni yangaphakathi noma ephakathi. Isibonelo, i-tympanotomy yokulungiswa okuqondile kwefasitela eliphukile noma eliyisiyingi, noma i-myringotomy ukukhipha uketshezi kusuka endlebeni ephakathi.

Ukuvimbela i-barotraumatic otitis kuhilela ukufundisa labo abasengozini (abandiza, abatshuzi, abahamba ngezinyawo). Uma ingcindezi yangaphandle ishintsha, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabi nesivinini sokuthambekela okuphezulu kakhulu. Ochwepheshe bezindiza kanye ne-scuba diving kumele baqeqeshwe ebhokisini ukuze bafunde imiphumela yokuhluka kwengcindezi endlebeni.

I-Ear barotrauma ingavinjelwa ngokugwinya noma ukukhipha umoya njalo ngenkathi ucindezela amakhala ukuze uvule amashubhu e-eustachian futhi ulinganise izingcindezi phakathi kwendlebe ephakathi nengaphandle. Ukugqoka ama-earplug kuvimbela ukulinganisa kwengcindezi, ngakho kufanele kugwenywe ngenkathi u-scuba diving.

Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela nge-pseudoephedrine amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24 ngaphambi kokutshuza kunganciphisa ingozi ye-atrial barotrauma. I-scuba diving akufanele yenziwe uma ukuminyana kungaxazululi.