I-Lower obliterative arteriopathy (AOMI) ichazwa ngokuncipha kwesilinganiso semithambo esezithweni ezingezansi, okuholela kuzo zombili izimpawu ezibuhlungu nezenhliziyo.

I-Arteriopathy obliterating of the low orlings (PAD) ibonakala ngokuncipha kobubanzi bemithambo ehlinzeka izitho ezingezansi: izinqe, imilenze, izinyawo, njll.

Imithambo eyinhloko ehlinzeka ngegazi kule ngxenye yomzimba yilena: umthambo we-iliac (esinqeni), umthambo wesifazane (ku-femur) kanye nomthambo we-tibial (ku-tibia). Futhi ziyimithambo ethinteka kakhulu kulesi sifo.

Ukuncipha komthamo wale mithambo kuwumphumela wokwakheka kwama-atheroma plaque: udoti wamaselula, nokunqwabelana kwe-cholesterol.

Ukuqeda isifo se-arterial yemilenze engezansi ngokuvamile akunazimpawu ekuqaleni. Isiguli size singazi ukuthi sinaso.

Ukuncipha kobubanzi be-arterial kubangela ukwehla komfutho we-systolic (umfutho wegazi ojikelezayo emzimbeni, ngesikhathi sokufinyela kwenhliziyo), emilenzeni engezansi.

Izinhlobo ezimbili ze-ischemia (ukwehla kwe-arterial vascularization) zingahlukaniswa:

• i-ischemia esebenzayo, okungenzeka noma ingabonakali izimpawu ze-ischemic
• ischemia engapheli, izimpawu zomtholampilo ezivame ukubonakala.

Ngokwe-Epidemiologically, le pathology ithinta cishe u-1,5% wabantu baseFrance abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-50. Kodwa futhi ngaphezu kuka-5% wabantu abangaphezu kuka-50 kanye no-20% ngaphezu kwama-60.

Abesilisa kuthiwa banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola lolu hlobo lwesifo se-arterial, ngesilinganiso samacala abesilisa ama-3 kowesifazane oyedwa.

Ukufuna umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nokubona izimpawu ezithile, izinyathelo zokuqala zokuxilonga lesi simo. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyalandela: ukukalwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo, noma inkomba yengcindezi ye-systolic (IPS). Lesi sinyathelo sesibili sivumela ikakhulukazi ukuba nombono enkundleni yezemidlalo ye-AOMI.

Izimbangela zalesi sifo yilezi:

• un sikashukela
• a ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• i-hypercholesterolemia
• a nomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• ukubhema
• ukungasebenzi komzimba

Umuntu ngamunye angakhathazeka ngokukhula kwe-pathology enjalo. Noma kunjalo, ukugqama kufanele kuhlotshaniswe nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kanye namadoda.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo yilezi:

• ubuhlungu bemisipha emilenzeni engezansi, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni
• ukuqala kwamajaqamba aphindaphindiwe, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi yi-intermittent claudication
• izinguquko zesikhumba, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa emilenzeni engezansi kungase kube izimpawu ezibalulekile zomtholampilo.

Lezi zimpawu zikhuliswa kumongo wokuchayeka kancane noma kancane emakhazeni.

Kukhona izici ezithile eziyingozi lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlobo lwe-arteritis. Ikakhulukazi ukulimala kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, noma ubudala bomuntu.

Izigaba zokuqala zokuxilongwa kwe-arteritis obliterans yemilenze engezansi zibangelwa ukubhekwa nokuhlolwa komtholampilo: izimpawu zomtholampilo ezibonakalayo kanye nezibonakaliso, ukukalwa kwe-systolic pressure index, ukulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, njll.

Okunye ukuhlola okuhambisanayo kungasekela lezi zigaba zokuqala: I-Doppler ultrasound yezitho ezingezansi, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuhamba, i-ultrasound ye-aorta, i-electrocardiogram, noma ngisho nokuhlolwa okujulile kwenhliziyo ne-lipid.

Ukuvinjelwa kwalesi sifo ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila yesiguli:

• ukuyeka ukubhema, uma obhemayo
• umkhuba wokuvivinya umzimba okuvamile nokuguquguqukayo. Ukuhamba, isibonelo, kunganconywa kakhulu
• ukulawula isisindo njalo
• ukwamukelwa kokudla okunempilo nokulinganisela.