Okuqukethwe
Njengomthetho, abantu basebenzisa inombolo elinganiselwe kuphela yamafomula e-Excel, nakuba kunenombolo yemisebenzi abantu abayikhohlwa ngokungafanele. Nokho, zingaba usizo olukhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziningi. Ukuze ujwayelane nemisebenzi yezibalo, udinga ukuvula ithebhu ethi “Amafomula” futhi uthole into ethi “Izibalo” lapho. Sizobheka eminye yale misebenzi ngoba ifomula ngayinye engenzeka ku-Excel inokusetshenziswa kwayo okungokoqobo.
Imisebenzi yezibalo yezinombolo ezingahleliwe kanye nezinhlanganisela ezingenzeka
Lena imisebenzi ekuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngezinombolo ezingahleliwe. Kumele ngisho ukuthi azikho izinombolo ezingahleliwe ngempela. Wonke akhiqizwa ngokuvumelana namaphethini athile. Noma kunjalo, ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezisetshenzisiwe, ngisho nejeneretha yezinombolo ezingahleliwe ingaba wusizo kakhulu. Imisebenzi yezibalo ekhiqiza izinombolo ezingahleliwe ihlanganisa PHAKATHI KWECALA, I-SLCHIS, CHISLCOMB, IQINISO. Ake sibheke ngayinye yazo ngokuningiliziwe.
Umsebenzi PHAKATHI KWECALA
Lesi ngesinye sezici ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kulesi sigaba. Ikhiqiza inombolo engahleliwe elingana phakathi komkhawulo othile. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi uma ububanzi buncane kakhulu, izinombolo zingase zifane. I-syntax ilula kakhulu: =RANDBETWEEN(inani eliphansi; inani eliphezulu). Imingcele ephasiswe umsebenzisi ingaba kokubili izinombolo namaseli aqukethe izinombolo ezithile. Okokufaka okuyisibopho kwengxabano ngayinye.
Inombolo yokuqala kubakaki inombolo encane ngezansi ijeneretha engeke isebenze. Ngokufanelekile, eyesibili inombolo enkulu. Ngaphandle kwalawa manani, i-Excel ngeke ibheke inombolo engahleliwe. Izimpikiswano zingafana, kodwa kulokhu kuzokwenziwa inombolo eyodwa kuphela.
Le nombolo ishintsha njalo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho idokhumenti ihlelwa, inani liyahluka.
Umsebenzi I-SLCHIS
Lo msebenzi ukhiqiza inani elingahleliwe, imingcele ebekwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ezingeni lika-0 no-1. Ungasebenzisa amafomula amaningana usebenzisa lo msebenzi, futhi usebenzise umsebenzi owodwa izikhathi eziningana. Kulokhu, ngeke kube nokuguqulwa kokufundwa.
Awudingi ukuba udlule noma yimaphi amapharamitha angeziwe kulo msebenzi. Ngakho-ke, i-syntax yayo ilula ngangokunokwenzeka: =USUM(). Kungenzeka futhi ukubuyisela amanani angahleliwe angama-fractional. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa umsebenzi I-SLCHIS. Ifomula izoba: =I-RAND()*(umkhawulo omkhulu-umkhawulo weminithi)+min umkhawulo.
Uma unweba ifomula kuwo wonke amaseli, ungasetha noma iyiphi inombolo yezinombolo ezingahleliwe. Ukwenza lokhu, kufanele usebenzise umaka wokugcwalisa okuzenzakalelayo (isikwele esisekhoneni elingezansi kwesokunxele seseli ekhethiwe).
Umsebenzi NUMBERCOMB
Lo msebenzi ungowegatsha lezibalo njengama-combinatorics. Inquma inani lezinhlanganisela ezihlukile yenani elithile lezinto kusampula. Isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo, ngokwesibonelo, ocwaningweni lwezibalo kusayensi yezokuhlalisana kwabantu. I-syntax yomsebenzi imi kanje: =NUMBERCOMB(setha usayizi, inani lezinto). Ake sibheke lezi zimpikiswano ngokuningiliziwe:
- Usayizi wesethi iyinani eliphelele lama-elementi kusampula. Kungaba inani labantu, izimpahla, njalonjalo.
- Inani lezakhi. Le pharamitha isho isixhumanisi noma inombolo ebonisa isamba senani lezinto okufanele ziphumele. Imfuneko eyinhloko yenani lale mpikiswano ukuthi kufanele njalo libe lincane kuneledlule.
Ukufaka zonke izimpikiswano kuyadingeka. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufanele bonke babe nesimilo esihle. Ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Ake sithi sinezinto ezi-4 - ABCD. Umsebenzi umi kanje: ukukhetha izinhlanganisela ngendlela yokuthi izinombolo zingaphindi. Nokho, indawo yabo ayicatshangelwa. Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo ngeke lukhathaze uma luyinhlanganisela ye-AB noma ye-BA.
Manje ake sifake ifomula esiyidingayo ukuze sithole lezi zinhlanganisela: =NUMBERCOMB(4). Ngenxa yalokho, kuzovezwa izinhlanganisela ezi-6 ezingaba khona, ezihlanganisa amanani ahlukene.
Umsebenzi we-INVOICE
Kumathematika kukhona into ebizwa nge-factorial. Leli nani lisho inombolo etholwa ngokuphindaphinda zonke izinombolo ezingokwemvelo kuze kufike kule nombolo. Isibonelo, i-factoral yenombolo 3 izoba yinombolo 6, futhi i-factorial yenombolo 6 izoba inombolo engu-720. I-factorial ichazwa yiphuzu lesibabazo. Futhi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo ISIKHATHI kuba nokwenzeka ukuthola factorial. I-syntax yefomula: =IQINISO(inombolo). I-factorial ihambisana nenani lezinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zamanani kusethi. Isibonelo, uma sinezici ezintathu, inani eliphezulu lezinhlanganisela kuleli cala lizoba ngu-6.
Imisebenzi yokuguqulwa kwenombolo
Ukuguqula izinombolo ukusebenza kwemisebenzi ethile ngazo engahlobene ne-arithmetic. Isibonelo, ukushintsha inombolo ibe isiRoman, ukubuyisela imojula yayo. Lezi zici zenziwa kusetshenziswa imisebenzi I-ABS ne-ROMAN. Ake sizibheke ngokuningiliziwe.
Umsebenzi we-ABS
Sikukhumbuza ukuthi i-modulus iyibanga eliya kuziro ku-axis yokuxhumanisa. Uma ucabanga umugqa ovundlile onezinombolo ezimakwe kuwo ngama-increments ka-1, khona-ke ungabona ukuthi ukusuka kunombolo 5 kuye ku-zero futhi ukusuka enombolweni -5 kuye ku-zero kuzoba nenani elifanayo lamaseli. Leli banga libizwa ngokuthi i-modulus. Njengoba sibona, i-modulus ka -5 ingu-5, njengoba kuthatha amaseli ama-5 ukudlula ukuze afike ku-zero.
Ukuze uthole i-modulus yenombolo, udinga ukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-ABS. I-syntax yayo ilula kakhulu. Kwanele ukubhala inombolo kubakaki, ngemva kwalokho inani lizobuyiswa. I-syntax ithi: =ABS(inombolo). Uma ufaka ifomula =ABS(-4), khona-ke umphumela wale misebenzi uzoba ngu-4.
Umsebenzi we-ROMAN
Lo msebenzi uguqula inombolo ngefomethi yesi-Arabhu ibe isiRoman. Le fomula inezimpikiswano ezimbili. Esokuqala siyimpoqo, kanti esesibili singashiywa:
- Inombolo. Lena inombolo ngokuqondile, noma ireferensi yeseli eliqukethe inani elikuleli fomu. Imfuneko ebalulekile ukuthi le pharamitha kufanele ibe nkulu kunoziro. Uma inombolo iqukethe amadijithi ngemva kwephuzu ledesimali, khona-ke ngemva kokuguqulwa kwayo kufomethi yamaRoma, ingxenye eyingxenyana imane inqanyulwe.
- Ifomethi. Le mpikiswano ayisadingeki. Icacisa ifomethi yesethulo. Inombolo ngayinye ihambisana nokubukeka okuthile kwenombolo. Kunezinketho ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziswa njengale mpikiswano:
- 0. Kulokhu, inani liboniswa ngendlela yalo yakudala.
- 1-3 - izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubonisa izinombolo zamaRoma.
- 4. Indlela engasindi yokubonisa izinombolo zamaRoma.
- Iqiniso Namanga. Esimweni sokuqala, inombolo yethulwa ngendlela evamile, kanti eyesibili - yenziwe lula.
SUBTOTAL umsebenzi
Lona umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi okunikeza ikhono lokufingqa amanani amancane asuselwa kumanani adluliselwa kuwo njengama-agumenti. Ungakha lo msebenzi ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-Excel, futhi kungenzeka futhi ukuyisebenzisela mathupha.
Lona umsebenzi onzima kakhulu ukuwusebenzisa, ngakho-ke sidinga ukukhuluma ngawo ngokwehlukana. I-syntax yalo msebenzi ithi:
- Inombolo yesici. Le mpikiswano iyinombolo ephakathi kuka-1 no-11. Le nombolo ibonisa ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi ozosetshenziswa ukuze kufingqwe ububanzi obushiwo. Isibonelo, uma sidinga ukungeza izinombolo, khona-ke sidinga ukucacisa inombolo 9 noma 109 njengepharamitha yokuqala.
- Isixhumanisi 1. Lona futhi ipharamitha edingekayo enikeza isixhumanisi kububanzi obucatshangelwe ukuze kufinyezwe. Njengomthetho, abantu basebenzisa uhla olulodwa kuphela.
- Isixhumanisi 2, 3… Okulandelayo kuza inombolo ethile yezixhumanisi kububanzi.
Inombolo enkulu yama-agumenti engaqukethwe yilo msebenzi ngu-30 (inombolo yomsebenzi + izithenjwa ezingu-29).
Inothi elibalulekile! Isamba esisidleke siyazitshwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma umsebenzi usuvele usetshenzisiwe kobunye ububanzi IZITHOMBE ZAMABILI, uhlelo alunakiwe.
Futhi qaphela ukuthi ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi kumalungu afanayo avundlile angaphansi kwenani eliphansi ledatha akunconyiwe njengoba kungadizayinelwe lokho. Kulokhu, imiphumela ingase ingalungile. Umsebenzi IZITHOMBE ZAMABILI ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe nesihlungi esizenzakalelayo. Ake sithi sinedathasethi enjalo.
Ake sizame ukufaka isihlungi esizenzakalelayo kuso bese sikhetha kuphela amaseli amakwe ngokuthi “Product1”. Okulandelayo, sibeka umsebenzi wokunquma ukusebenzisa umsebenzi IZITHOMBE ZAMABILI inani elincane lalezi zimpahla. Lapha sidinga ukusebenzisa ikhodi 9 njengoba kukhonjisiwe kusithombe-skrini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi ukhetha ngokuzenzakalelayo leyo migqa engafakiwe kumphumela wokuhlunga futhi ayifaki ezibalweni. Lokhu kukunikeza izinketho eziningi ezengeziwe. Ngendlela, kunomsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi we-Excel obizwa ngokuthi ama-Subtotals. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwala mathuluzi? Iqiniso liwukuthi umsebenzi ususa ngokuzenzakalelayo ekukhetheni yonke imigqa engakaboniswa okwamanje. Lokhu akunaki ikhodi inombolo_yemisebenzi.
Ngendlela, leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi wenze izinto eziningi, hhayi nje ukucacisa isamba samanani. Nali uhlu lwamakhodi anemisebenzi esetshenziswa ukufingqa amanani amancane.
1 – INHLIZIYO;
2 – COUNT;
3 – SCHÖTZ;
4 – MAX;
IMIZUZU 5;
6 – UMKHIQIZO;
7 - STDEV;
8 – STANDOTKLONP;
9 – IMALI;
10 - DISP;
11 - DISP.
Ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza i-100 kulezi zinombolo futhi imisebenzi izofana. Kodwa kunomehluko owodwa. Umehluko wukuthi esimweni sokuqala, amaseli afihliwe ngeke anakwe, kanti esimweni sesibili azobhekwa.
Eminye imisebenzi yezibalo
Izibalo ziyisayensi eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa amafomula amaningi emisebenzi ehlukahlukene. I-Excel ihlanganisa cishe yonke into. Ake sibheke ezintathu nje zazo: SIGN, Pi, UMKHIQIZO.
SIGN umsebenzi
Ngalo msebenzi, umsebenzisi angakwazi ukunquma ukuthi inombolo iphozithivu noma inegethivu. Ingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa amakhasimende kulawo anezikweletu ebhange kanye nalawo angazange athathe imali ebolekiwe noma angayikhokhile okwamanje.
I-syntax yomsebenzi imi kanje: =UPHAWU(inombolo). Siyabona ukuthi kunengxabano eyodwa kuphela, okufakwayo okuyimpoqo. Ngemva kokuhlola inombolo, umsebenzi ubuyisela inani elingu-1, 0, noma u-1, kuye ngokuthi kwakuluphi uphawu. Uma inombolo kuvele ukuthi inegethivu, khona-ke izoba ngu- -1, futhi uma ithi phozithivu - 1. Uma u-ziro ebanjwa njengengxabano, bese ebuyiselwa. Umsebenzi usetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nomsebenzi IF noma kunoma yisiphi esinye isimo esifanayo lapho udinga ukuhlola inombolo.
Umsebenzi Pi
Inombolo engu-PI iwuhlobo oludume kakhulu lwezibalo, olulingana no-3,14159 … Ngokusebenzisa lo msebenzi, ungathola inguqulo eyindilinga yale nombolo iye ezindaweni eziyi-14 zamadesimali. Ayinazo izingxabano futhi ine-syntax elandelayo: =PI().
Umsebenzi UMKHIQIZO
Umsebenzi ofana ngokomgomo ne ISUM, ibala kuphela umkhiqizo wazo zonke izinombolo ezidluliselwe kuwo njengama-agumenti. Ungacacisa izinombolo noma ububanzi obufika ku-255. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi umsebenzi awunaki umbhalo, okunengqondo nanoma imaphi amanye amanani angasetshenziswa ekusebenzeni kwe-arithmetic. Uma inani le-boolean lisetshenziswa njenge-agumenti, kusho ukuthi inani TRUE ihambisana nokukodwa, kanye nenani AMANGA - uziro. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi uma kukhona inani le-boolean ebangeni, umphumela uzoba ongalungile. I-syntax yefomula imi kanje: =UMKHIQIZO(inombolo 1; inombolo 2…).
Siyabona ukuthi izinombolo zinikezwa lapha zihlukaniswa yi-semicolon. Ingxabano edingekayo iyodwa - inombolo yokuqala. Empeleni, awukwazi ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi ngenani elincane lamanani. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuphindaphinda zonke izinombolo namaseli. Kodwa uma ziziningi, khona-ke kumodi yezandla kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi. Ukuze uyilondoloze, kunomsebenzi UMKHIQIZO.
Ngakho-ke, sinenani elikhulu lemisebenzi esetshenziswa kancane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ingasetshenziswa kahle. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi le misebenzi ingahlanganiswa nomunye nomunye. Ngenxa yalokho, ububanzi bamathuba avulekayo bunwetshwa kakhulu.