Amanita echinocephala (Amanita echinocephala)
- Isigaba: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Ukuhlukaniswa iziqephu: I-Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Ikilasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Isigaba esingaphansi: I-Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- I-oda: I-Agaricales (i-Agaric noma i-Lamellar)
- Umndeni: Amanitaceae (Amanitaceae)
- Uhlobo: Amanita (Amanita)
- Uhlobo: I-Amanita echinocephala (i-bristle mushroom)
- Isidudla indoda bristly
- U-Amanita ngokumangazayo
I-bristly fly agaric (Amanita echinocephala) iyikhowe eliyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Amanita. Emithonjeni yemibhalo, ukuchazwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuyindida. Ngakho-ke, usosayensi ogama lakhe lingu-K. Bass ukhuluma nge-bristly fly agaric njengegama elifanayo elithi A. Solitaria. Ukuhumusha okufanayo kuphindaphindiwe ngemva kwakhe ngabanye ososayensi ababili: uR. Tulloss noS. Wasser. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwe yi-Species Fungorum, i-bristly fly agaric kufanele kuthiwe ihlobene nohlobo oluthile.
Umzimba wesithelo we-bristly fly agaric uqukethe ikepisi elicishe libe yindilinga ekuqaleni (okuwukuthi kamuva liphenduke libe elivulekile) kanye nomlenze, oqina kancane phakathi kwawo, futhi unomumo oyicylindrical phezulu, eduze kwekepisi.
Ukuphakama kwesiqu samakhowe kungu-10-15 (futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho no-20) cm, ububanzi besiqu buhluka phakathi kuka-1-4 cm. Isisekelo esigqitshwe emhlabathini sinomumo ocijile. Ubuso bomlenze bunombala ophuzi noma omhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi umbala womnqumo. Ngaphezulu kwayo kunezikali ezimhlophe ezibangelwa ukuqhekeka kwe-cuticle.
I-pulp yamakhowe enobuningi obukhulu, ebonakala ngombala omhlophe, kodwa phansi (eduze nesiqu) nangaphansi kwesikhumba, i-pulp yamakhowe ithola umbala ophuzi. Iphunga layo alimnandi, kanye nokunambitheka.
Ububanzi be-cap buyi-14-16 cm, futhi ibonakala ngokuba nenyama enhle. Unqenqema lwekepisi lungenziwa i-serrated noma imbala, kube nezinsalela zeveli elixegayo elibonakala kuyo. Isikhumba esingaphezulu ku-cap singaba mhlophe noma sibe grey ngombala, kancane kancane siba i-ocher elula, ngezinye izikhathi sithola i-tint eluhlaza. Isigqoko simbozwe ngama-warts angama-pyramidal anama-bristles.
I-hymenophore iqukethe amapuleti abonakala ngobubanzi obukhulu, ukuhlelwa okuvamile kodwa okukhululekile. Ekuqaleni, amapuleti amhlophe, abese eba yi-turquoise elula, futhi kumakhowe avuthiwe, amapuleti abonakala nge-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-bristly fly agaric ivame emahlathini avundile naxubile, lapho ama-oki akhula khona. Akuvamile ukuthola lolu hlobo lwamakhowe. Incamela ukukhula ezindaweni ezisogwini eduze namachibi noma imifula, izizwa kahle enhlabathini ene-calcareous. I-bristly fly agaric isisakazeke kakhulu eYurophu (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zayo eziseningizimu). Kunezimo ezaziwayo zokutholwa kwalolu hlobo lwesikhunta eBritish Isles, eScandinavia, eJalimane nase-our country. Ezindaweni zase-Asia, izinhlobo zamakhowe ezichazwe zingakhula kwa-Israyeli, Western Siberia nase-Azerbaijan (Transcaucasia). I-bristly fly agaric ithela izithelo kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-bristly fly agaric (Amanita echinocephala) iyingxenye yamakhowe angadliwa.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezifanayo ezine-bristly fly agaric. Yona:
- Amanita solitaria (lat. Amanita solitaria);
- I-Amanita pineal (lat. Amanita strobiliformis). Izici ezihlukile zalolu hlobo lwamakhowe amapuleti amhlophe, iphunga elimnandi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ezinye izazi ze-mycologists zibheka leli khowe njengokudliwayo, nakuba iningi lisagcizelela ubuthi bayo.
Ama-fly agarics kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi asingathwe ngokuqapha okukhulu!