Okuqukethwe
Ukungezwani komzimba kuwumphumela wenqubo yemvelo yokuguga yezinzwa, ezamukelayo nezingezwayo. Izimpawu zokuqala zalolu hlobo lokungezwa kahle kwezindlebe zingatholakala phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 no-30 ubudala. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kusekelwe ekuphathweni kwamalungiselelo okuvimbela inqubo yokuguga yomzimba futhi kuthuthukise ukujikeleza endlebeni yangaphakathi.
Incazelo yobuthulu be-senile
Ubuthulu obuhlobene nobudala yisimo esihlobene neminyaka. Kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kancane kancane kwezindlebe, okuvame ukuba yinqubo ye-physiological yokuguga emzimbeni. Uphawu oluyisici lwalesi sifo ubunzima bokuqonda inkulumo. Uma ukhuluma ngobuthulu be-senile, umuntu kufanele ahlukanise phakathi:
- Ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe eziqhutshwayo - kungase kubangele i-pathology ye-canal yangaphandle yokuzwa noma ukusebenza kabi kwama-ossicles, adlulisa ukudlidliza kusuka ngaphandle kuya endlebeni yangaphakathi;
- ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kwe-sensorineural - okubonakala ngokuphazamiseka engxenyeni yendlebe ebhekene nokuthola amagagasi e-acoustic (i-cochlea noma ingxenye yezinzwa zesitho sokuzwa);
- ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe okuxubile - kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulwe ngenhla zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa esithweni esisodwa sokuzwa.
Ngokuvamile, ukungezwani kwe-senile kuhlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Izimbangela zokungezwa kahle kwe-senile
Kuyavunywa ngokujwayelekile ukuthi ubuthulu obudala buhambisana nobudala obuqhubekayo kanye nezinye izici okunzima ukuzichaza ngokungananazi. Kodwa-ke, kunemibono emibili efanayo mayelana nezimbangela zokungezwa kahle kwezinzwa.
1. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ubuthulu buhlobene kuphela nenqubo yokuguga.
2. Ngokusho kwabanye, ukungezwa kwe-senile akuveli nje ngenxa yobudala, kodwa futhi ngenxa yomsindo, ukulimala kanye nezidakamizwa ze-ototoxic.
Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwezinto ezithonya ubulukhuni bokungezwani komzimba kanye nesivinini senqubo yilezi:
- ukulimala,
- isifo sikashukela,
- ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emsindweni,
- i-atherosclerosis,
- ukuguga jikelele
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme,
- ukulalela umculo ophezulu (ikakhulukazi ngama-headphone abekwe ezindlebeni),
- ukukhuluphala,
- izici zofuzo,
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-aminoglycoside antibiotics, i-loop diuretics, i-macrolide diuretics kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala - ezinomphumela we-ototoxic.
Izimpawu zokungezwa kwe-senile
Ubuthulu obuhlobene nobudala akusona isimo esingalindelekile futhi esingalindelekile. Kuyinqubo ende engenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi nambili, yingakho ivame ukunganakwa. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi abantu abavela embuthanweni oseduze wesiguli baqaphele izinkinga zokuzwa lapho ukuxhumana okushelelayo kuphazamiseka. Kwenzeka ukuthi asebekhulile bethukile futhi baphakamise amazwi abo, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukubona izinto ezishukumisa imvelo.
Ukubuka i-TV noma ukulalela umsakazo kuba yinkinga. Kuvuka imisindo engabekezeleleki futhi abantu bacelwe izikhathi eziningi ukuthi baphinde izitatimende zabo. Izingcingo ezijwayelekile ziyacasula futhi zikhathaze. Ngisho nokusebenzelana nehhovisi noma iposi kuyinkinga, isiguli kufanele sibuze ngokuphindaphindiwe, sicele ukwaziswa okuphindaphindiwe, okuvame ukumenza abe namahloni. Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi isithulu se-senile akuyona nje ukugula ngokomzimba, iningi labantu abadala, ngenxa yokungezwa, bayeka ukuhlanganyela empilweni yomphakathi, bahoxise emvelweni, bagweme ukuthintana nabanye abantu. Lesi simo sidala ukudangala.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-senile deafness kusekelwe kungxoxo yezokwelapha nesiguli kanye nokusebenza kokuhlolwa kochwepheshe. Ukuhlolwa okudume kakhulu okwenziwa kulolu hlobo lwesifo I-audiometryokuyinto eyenziwa ekamelweni ngokukhethekile acoustically yedwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-audiometric kungaba:
- ngomlomo - umsebenzi wayo ukuhlola ukuthi isiguli siyiqonda kanjani inkulumo. Ukuze enze lokhu, uphinda amazwi awazwa ngowamukelayo endlebeni yakhe. Enye indlela ukuthi udokotela omi buqamama nesiguli asho amagama ngezwi eliphansi - umsebenzi womuntu ohloliwe wukuwaphindaphinda ngokuzwakalayo.
- i-tonal threshold - inquma umkhawulo wokuzwa kwesiguli.
Ukungezwa okwanele - ukwelashwa
Kubalulekile! Ukungezwa yisifo esingelapheki. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izakhiwo zendlebe yangaphakathi kanye ne-cochlea azikwazi ukuvuselela. Ngisho nokuhlinzwa akuqinisekisi ukuthi isiguli sizophinde sikwazi ukuzwa kahle. Okuwukuphela kwendlela ngensiza-kuzwa. Njengamanje kunezinguqulo ezincane nezingabonakali zezinsiza-kuzwa emakethe ezingabonakali emphakathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathola izinto ezisiza ukuzwa, njengezikhulisa-zwi zikamabonakude, izinto zomsakazo, ngisho namahedisethi ocingo. Ngenxa yama-amplifiers, induduzo yesiguli ithuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwesithulu se-senile kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamalungiselelo avimbela ukuguga komzimba futhi athuthukise ukujikeleza kwendlebe endlebeni yangaphakathi.
Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela isithulu se-senile?
Azikho izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukungezwani kwe-senile, kodwa ungabambezela ngandlela thile ukuqala kwalesi sifo futhi unciphise ukuqina kwaso. Gwema imisindo ephezulu (okuhlanganisa ukulalela umculo ophezulu), ukuba nomsindo isikhathi eside noma ukulalela umculo onama-headphone angaphakathi ezindlebeni. Ezemidlalo/ukuzivocavoca umzimba nakho kunomphumela omuhle empilweni, njengoba kuvimbela, phakathi kokunye, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kanye nokukhuluphala.