Ukukhulelwa kuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungukuthi, ukuhlangana kwe-oocyte nesidoda. Uma isingenile ku-oocyte, i-nucleus yesidoda iyakhula ngosayizi, kanjalo ne-nucleus ye-oocyte. Okubili kuyahlangana futhi ekugcineni kuhlangane: ngaleyo ndlela kuzalwe i-zygote, ingqamuzana lokuqala ekuqaleni kwayo yonke impilo. Leli qanda lithwala zonke izinto zofuzo ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe umuntu.

Cishe emahoreni angamashumi amathathu ngemva kokuvundiswa kuqala ukuhlukaniswa: i-zygote ihlukana izikhathi eziningana, kuyilapho ithuthela emgodini wesibeletho. Ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalolunye emva kokuvundiswa kwenzeka ukufakelwa: iqanda lifakwa emgqeni wesibeletho.

Evikini lesi-3 lokukhulelwa, iqanda seliphenduke umbungu, inhliziyo yakhe iqala ukushaya. Ibe isikala u-1,5 mm futhi amaseli ayo aqhubeke nokuhlukana futhi aqale ukuhlukana ngokwezitho.

Ekupheleni kwalokhu Inyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, umbungu oyinyanga eyi-1 isilinganiso cishe 5 mm. Inenhloko “nomsila” ohlukile, imiqumbe yezingalo zayo, indlebe yangaphakathi, iso, nolimi. I-Organogenesis isiqalile futhi ukujikeleza kwe-fetus nomama sekusendaweni. Ukukhulelwa kubonakala ku-ultrasound ngenyanga engu-1 futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyabonakala (1) (2).

Njengoba ukuphila kuqala emzimbeni wakhe, umama akakunaki ngaso sonke isikhathi Inyanga engu-1 yokukhulelwa. Kuphela ngokubambezeleka kokuya esikhathini emasontweni angu-4 lapho ukukhulelwa kusolwa khona. Umbungu onenyanga engu-1 ubudala, ezoba yi-fetus, kakade inamasonto amabili okuphila.

Nokho, ngokushesha okukhulu, umzimba kamama uzoshintsha kakhulu ngaphansi komphumela wamahomoni okukhulelwa: i-hCG ekhishwa i-trophoblast (ungqimba lwangaphandle lweqanda) olugcina i-corpus luteum isebenza. (kusuka ku-follicle) ekhiqiza i-progesterone, ebalulekile ekufakweni okufanele kweqanda.

Lesi simo sezulu se-hormonal singaholela ekuhlukeni izimpawu zokukhulelwa phakathi nenyanga ye-1 :

• isicanucanu
• ukuzwela iphunga
• isifuba esivuvukele futhi esiqinile
• ukucasuka okuthile
• ukozela emini
• ukunxenxa kaningi ukuchama

Isibeletho siyakhula: usayizi we-walnut ngaphandle kokukhulelwa, manje usulingana ne-clementine. Lokhu kwenyuka kwevolumu kungaholela ekuqineni, ngisho ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwesisu phakathi nenyanga ye-1 yokukhulelwa. 

Isisu sowesifazane okhulelwe inyanga engu-1 ayikabonakali, kodwa izothola ivolumu inyanga nenyanga phakathi nokukhulelwa.

• Thatha ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuya esikhathini
• uma ukuhlolwa ku-positive, yenza isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane noma umbelethisi. Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kokuqala okuyimpoqo (3) kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuphela kwekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa kodwa kuyatuseka ukuthi kuboniswane ngaphambili.
• qhubeka nokwengezwa kwe-vitamin B9 uma kunqunywe ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwangaphambi kokukhulelwa

• Inyanga e-1 ekhulelwe, uma kwenzeka ukopha, ubuhlungu obunzima ngaphansi kwesisu noma ohlangothini olulodwa, kubalulekile ukubonisana ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukusola kokukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic.
• uma lokhu kungenziwanga ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphambi komqondo, kuhle ukwenza ukuhlolwa komlomo ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ngisho noma ukukhulelwa kungaziwa ekuqaleni, njengezinyathelo zokuzivikela, imikhuba eyingozi kufanele igwenywe: ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, izidakamizwa, ugwayi, ukuchayeka kuma-X-ray, ukuthatha imithi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi esigabeni se-organogenesis, umbungu uzwela kakhulu kuma-teratogenic agents (izinto ezingabangela ukukhubazeka).

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ku-fetus alcohol syndrome engaphazamisa ukukhula kwe umbungu onenyanga engu-1 ubudala. Le syndrome iholela ekulimaleni, ukuphazamiseka kwentuthuko ezingeni lemizwa kanye nokuncipha kokukhula. Kungenzeka ukuthi ingane izalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ugwayi mubi kuwo wonke umuntu ngisho nangokwengeziwe okhulelwe ngisho inyanga engu-1 kanye ne-fetus. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, ukubhema kunciphisa inzalo. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ugwayi kufanele uvinjelwe kuzo zonke lezi zinyanga ezingu-9, kodwa ikakhulukazi i-fetus enenyanga engu-1. Ibeka engcupheni ukukhula kwayo okuhle kwesibeletho. Ingane ezayo ingazalwa inokukhubazeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi yezinkinga zokuphefumula kumntwana ngemva kokuzalwa. 

Mayelana nokuthatha imithi ngesikhathi salokhu Inyanga engu-1 yokukhulelwa, kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngeseluleko sezokwelapha. Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bazelapha. Amakhambi emvelo naphephile akhona ukuze aqede ukugula kokukhulelwa. Izidakamizwa eziningi zinemiphumela engadingeki kanye nemiphumela ekuthuthukisweni kwe umbungu onenyanga engu-1 ubudala, ngoba ayinawo amandla okubakhipha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphuza imithi, ikakhulukazi uma ukhulelwe.