I-Venereology yinto ekhethekile enakekela izifo ezithathelwana ngobudlelwano bezocansi, ezibizwa nangokuthi izifo ze-venereal..

Inamathiselwe kufayela le- isikhumba solusu, njengoba izifo eziningi ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI, noma ama-STBBI wezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kanye negazi e-Quebec) zibonakaliswa izilonda zesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Qaphela ukuthi lezi zifo zingelashwa futhi ngemithi ejwayelekile noma imithi yangaphakathi.

Ngaphezu kwe I-AIDS (i-HIV) or chlamydia, ezisakazeke kakhulu, kunezifo ezithathelwana ngobulili ezingaphezu kuka-30 emhlabeni. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• amagciwane (njenge-HIV, i-HPV, i-hepatitis B no-C, i-herpes, njll.);
• amagciwane (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, mycoplasmas, njll.);
• imvubelo (Candida albicans);
• kwe-protozoa (i-Trichomonas vaginalis…);
• d'ectoparasites (gale, phtiriase…).

Ngokwe-World Health Organization (WHO), nsuku zonke abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi bangenwa izifo ezithathelwana ngobulili (3).

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abayizigidi ezingama-357 unyaka ngamunye bangena kwesinye sezifo zocansi ezine ezilandelayo: i-chlamydia (131 million), i-gonorrhea (78 million), i-syphilis (5,6 million) ne-trichomoniasis (143 million) 3.

Emazweni athuthukile, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kanye nezinkinga zazo ziphakathi kwezizathu ezinhlanu ezivame kakhulu zokubonisana nabantu abadala (4).

I-Venereology izinikele ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, izimpawu zazo ezivame ukuqala ezithweni zangasese, ngokuvamile ngu:

• isilonda, isilonda, noma "induna";
• ukuqina;
• ukukhishwa kwe-urethral noma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
• ukunwaya;
• izinhlungu;
• ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuchama.

Phakathi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu (4), uqaphele:

• i-chlamydia ebangelwe yi-Chlamydia bacteria, okuyizifo ezivame kakhulu ukutheleleka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-25 kwabesifazane, naphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-34 emadodeni;
• I-HIV-AIDS;
• i-gonorrhea noma i-gonorrhea, ebangelwa amagciwane;
• i-hepatitis B, edala izifo ezingapheli zesibindi;
• i-herpes yesitho sangasese;
• izinsumpa zangasese ezibangelwa ama-virus e-papilloma (i-HPV noma i-HPV), nayo engadala umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho nokuthi yimiphi imigomo ekhona namuhla;
• ugcunsula, obangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-pale treponema;
• izifo ze-mycoplasma ne-trichomoniasis.

Yize isifo se-venereal singathinta noma ngubani owenza ucansi, kunezici ezithile zobungozi ezaziwayo., ikakhulukazi:

• ukuzwela kocansi lokuqala;
• ukuba nabalingani abaningi bocansi;
• ngibe ne-STI esikhathini esedlule.

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokuthola umsuka wezifo, udokotela wesikhumba noma i-venereologist:

• enze ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kwezitho zangasese;
• ukwenza, uma kunesidingo, isampula yendawo;
• angase athole usizo ekuhlolweni okwengeziwe (ukuhlolwa kwegazi, amasiko).

Ukwelashwa kwe-Venereology ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe emithini.

Izifo eziningi ezithathelwana ngocansi zingelashwa :

• ngama-antibiotic afanelekile (i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis ne-trichomoniasis);
• ngama-antivirals, ikakhulukazi ngokulwa nokutheleleka kwe-herpes kanye ne-HIV-AIDS, okungaselaphi lesi sifo kepha okwenza sikwazi ukunciphisa izimpawu;
• ngama-immunomodulators esimweni se-hepatitis B.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulwa nezifo zocansi, noma kunjalo, ngokusebenzisa amakhondomu (kubo bonke ubudlelwano bezocansi). Ukuhlolwa njalo kungakhawulela ukusabalala kwezifo ezithathelana ngokocansi futhi kutholakale ukutheleleka okungenzeka kusenesikhathi.

Ukubonisana nodokotela wezilwane akubandakanyi izingozi ezithile zesiguli. Kodwa-ke, kungacasula kwabanye, ngoba kuthinta indawo esondelene nayo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kweVenereologist eFrance

Ukuze ube yi-dermato-venereologist, umfundi kufanele athole idiploma yezifundo ezikhethekile (DES) ku-dermatology kanye ne-venereology:

• kumele aqale ngokulandela, ngemuva kwe-baccalaureate yakhe, unyaka wokuqala ezifundweni zezempilo. Qaphela ukuthi isilinganiso sabafundi abangaphansi kwama-20% bayakwazi ukuwela leli qophamlando;
• ekupheleni konyaka wesithupha, abafundi bathatha izivivinyo zokuhlukanisa izwe ukuze bangene esikoleni okuhlalwa kuso. Ngokuya ngezigaba zabo, bazokwazi ukukhetha okukhethekile kanye nendawo yabo yokusebenza. Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-dermatology ne-venereology kuthatha iminyaka engu-6.

Ekugcineni, ukuze akwazi ukuziqeqesha njengodokotela wezingane futhi abambe isihloko sobudokotela, umfundi kumele futhi avikele ithisisi yocwaningo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kweVenereologist eQuebec

Ngemuva kwezifundo zasekolishi, umfundi kufanele aphishekele iziqu zobudokotela kwezokwelapha. Lesi sigaba sokuqala sithatha iminyaka eyi-1 noma eyi-4 (unyaka wokulungiselela noma ongenawo wezokwelapha wabafundi abavunyelwe ukuqeqeshwa ekolishi noma eyunivesithi okubhekwa njengokwanele kwizayensi eyisisekelo yezinto eziphilayo). Ngemuva kwalokho, umfundi kuzofanele enze ngokukhethekile ngokulandela ukuhlala esikhungweni semithi iminyaka engu-5.

Ngaphambi kokuya ku-aphoyintimenti ne-venereologist, kubalulekile ukuthatha noma yiziphi izivivinyo ze-biology (ukuhlolwa kwegazi, amasiko) osekwenziwe kakade.

Ukuze uthole i-venereologist:

• eQuebec, ungathintana newebhusayithi yeFederal of medical therapists noma i-Association of dermatologists yaseQuebec (â ?? µ), enikeza umkhombandlela wamalungu ayo;
• eFrance, ngewebhusayithi ye-Ordre des médecins (6) noma iFrench Society of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Pathologies (7). Imininingwane eminingi, izikhungo zokuhlola nokuxilonga izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi (i-CIDDIST) nazo zinikela ngokuhlolwa kwamahhala (8) kulo lonke elaseFrance.

Ukubonisana nodokotela wezilwane kuhlanganiswa ne-Health Insurance (France) noma iRégie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.