Okuqukethwe
Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kubonakala ngokuminyana emgodleni we-pulmonary noma we-systemic, kanye nokuwohloka komsebenzi we-myocardial. Lesi simo sihlala sihambisana nokuvela kokuphefumula.
Izimbangela zokuphelelwa umoya ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo
Lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukubhekana nemithwalo ebekwe kuyo, kuba khona ukuphelelwa umoya. Esimisweni semithambo yamaphaphu, ukugeleza kwegazi kuncipha, futhi ukucindezela emithanjeni kuyanda. Amagatsha amancane emigqa yegazi ondla amaphaphu athola i-spasm, ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kuphazamiseka.
Indlela yokuthuthukiswa kokuphefumula kokuphefumula kwenhliziyo:
Lapho uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo luthinteka, umthamo wegazi elikhishiwe uyancipha. Ukuminyana kuyakha emaphashini, njengoba egcwele igazi.
Ukuma kunomthelela ekuphazamisekeni kokushintshaniswa kwegesi emgudwini wokuphefumula, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kokungena komoya wabo.
Umzimba uvuselela umsebenzi wokuphefumula, ukwandisa imvamisa yokuphefumula nokujula kwawo. Ngakho-ke, umuntu uba nokuphelelwa umoya.
I-Interstitial pulmonary edema iyakhula.
Ubuchopho buthola isignali yokuthi amaphaphu aphethwe yi-hypoxia. Ivula isikhungo sokuphefumula, okwenza umuntu aphefumule kaningi futhi ajule.
Izifo ezingadala ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokuphelelwa umoya:
I-Arterial hypertension.
I-Mitral valve stenosis.
I-CHD.
I-Cardiomyopathy.
Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo.
Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-myocardial.
ukunwebeka kwenhliziyo.
Ukufaka ubuthi ngezinto ezinobuthi.
Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela i-mellitus noma ezinye izifo ze-endocrine, khona-ke ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli kuzothuthuka ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlaselwa kokuphefumula kuzoqala ukuphenduka ukuhlaselwa kokuphefumula.
Ngokulimala kwe-ventricle efanele yenhliziyo, ukuphefumula kungase kungabi khona ngokuphelele.
Izimpawu zokuphelelwa umoya ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo
Izimpawu ezilandelayo zizobonisa ukuthi umuntu unokuphefumula okuncane ngokunembile ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo:
Kunzima kakhulu esigulini ukuhogela umoya.
Uma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kunenkambo engapheli, khona-ke ukungasebenzi kokuphefumula kwenzeka kunoma yimuphi umthwalo. Uma ushuba, kuzoba nzima ngomuntu ukuphefumula. Ukuphefumula okunjalo kuzokhula ngokucindezeleka kwe-neuropsychic.
Ukuphelelwa umoya kuzomphazamisa umuntu uma elele. Esimeni esivundlile, inhliziyo igcwala igazi, ngakho iqala ukusebenza kanzima. Uma umuntu ehlala phansi, khona-ke ukuphefumula kuyinto evamile noma engaphansi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaselwa kokuphefumula kokuphefumula ngokuvamile kwenzeka ebusuku.
Uma ukuhlaselwa kokuphefumula kubonakala ebusuku, khona-ke umuntu uvuka eqinisweni lokuthi akanalo lutho lokuphefumula. Ukuhlasela kuphenduka kube ukuqunjelwa, ukukhwehlela okomile kuvela. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhishwa isikhwehlela esincane. Ukuze kudambise isimo sakhe, umuntu intuitively uyasukuma noma ahlale phansi, futhi wehlise imilenze yakhe phansi.
Umuntu uphefumula ngomlomo wakhe, kungaba nzima kuye ukukhuluma.
Unxantathu we-nasolabial uphenduka ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-nail phalanges abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kuhlale kunengozi yokuthuthukisa i-pulmonary edema. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu uthola ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukuphefumula kuba nzima, izindebe zakhe ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nokuphelelwa umoya ngezindlela ezijwayelekile.
Amaphaphu aba lukhuni, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, i-cardiogenic pneumosclerosis ikhula. Ngaphandle kokuphefumula, isiguli sivame ukukhwehlela, ngesikhathi sokuhlasela, isikhwehlela esinegazi singakhululwa. Uma kwenzeka i-bronchospasm, i-patency ye-bronchi izophazamiseka, ngakho-ke, ukuphefumula okunjalo kuvame ukudideka ne-asthma ye-bronchial.
Into efana ne-asthma yenhliziyo ibonakala ngokuhlaselwa okungazelelwe kwe-inspiratory dyspnea. Le syndrome yomtholampilo iwukubonakaliswa kokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okunamandla kwenhliziyo yesokunxele. Ukuphelelwa umoya kungaphenduka kube ukuminyanisa.
Diagnostics
Ukuphelelwa umoya kungaphazamisa umuntu onezifo ezihlukahlukene. Uma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yesiguli kusanda kuqala ukukhula, khona-ke kuyoba buthakathaka, ubunzima bokuphefumula buvela kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca nasebusuku.
Ukuze ubone izimbangela zokuphefumula, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela noma udokotela wenhliziyo.
Udokotela angase anikeze isiguli izinqubo zokuxilonga ezilandelayo:
I-ECG.
Ukunikelwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlaziywe okuvamile kanye ne-biochemical.
I-Echocardiogram.
Ukwenza i-coronary angiography.
I-X-ray yesifuba.
Ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo, kuzokwazi ukwenza ukuxilongwa nokubeka ukwelashwa.
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Uma umuntu onesifo senhliziyo eqala ukuhlaselwa kanzima kokuphefumula, kufanele ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwethimba lezokwelapha, ungathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Vula amafasitela ukuze ungenise umoya omusha egumbini.
Khipha entanyeni nasesifubeni somuntu zonke izingubo ezingase zithiye ukuphefumula.
Ukuze unikeze isiguli ukuphumula okuphelele, ungamnika ithebhulethi ye-nitroglycerin, ebekwe ngaphansi kolimi.
Kudingeka ukuthi umuntu ube sesimweni sokuhlala imilenze yakhe iphansi.
Uma ukwazi kwesiguli kungaphazanyiswa, khona-ke ngaphambi kokufika kweqembu lezokwelapha, umfutho wegazi wakhe ungalinganiswa.
Ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo
Odokotela benhliziyo abanokuphefumula okufushane ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo bangabeka ukwelashwa okulandelayo:
Izidakamizwa zokwelapha isifo esibangela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini lama-beta-blockers.
Izidakamizwa ze-diuretic ezisiza ukunciphisa umthamo wegazi emzimbeni, ngaleyo ndlela zikhulule ukucindezeleka okuvela enhliziyweni.
Qinisekisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele anamathele ekudleni okufanele, anciphise inani likasawoti elidliwayo, afake izinhlanzi ezibomvu ezinamafutha, amafutha e-linseed namantongomane kumenyu.
Ukuphefumula kanzima ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo kungancishiswa ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ze-anxiolytic. Banciphisa ukukhathazeka, bavumele ukuba uqede ukwesaba ukucindezelwa, usize umuntu ukuba ahlise umoya. Ukuphefumula kujwayelekile futhi kuyalingana, ukuhlasela kokuphefumula kuyahlehla.
Ukuhogela umoya-mpilo isikhathi eside ngotshwala be-ethyl kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamaphaphu.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isiguli siboniswa ukuhlinzwa.
Ukuthatha imithi
Njengoba ukuphefumula okuncane kuwuphawu lokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuphela, ukuyiqeda, kuzodingeka uqondise imizamo yokulungisa i-pathology eyisisekelo. Ukwelashwa akukwazi ukushesha. Ngokuvamile iqhubeka iminyaka eminingi ngisho kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila komuntu.
Izidakamizwa ezinqunyelwe iziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo:
Ama-glycosides akhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa Digoxin, Korglikon, njll.
I-ACE inhibitors. Basiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, ekhulula ukucindezeleka okuvela enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi ephakela izicubu zamaphaphu. Lezi kungaba izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Captopril, i-Ramipril, i-Trandolapril, njll. Ukuyithatha kukuvumela ukuthi unwebe imithambo yegazi, ukhulule i-spasm kubo.
Izidakamizwa ze-diuretic (Furosemide, Britomar) zinciphisa umthwalo enhliziyweni, zikhipha uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Ukwamukelwa kwabo kuzovimbela ukwakheka kwe-edema.
Ama-vasodilators afana ne-Minoxidil noma i-Nitroglycerin. Zisetshenziselwa ukukhulula ukungezwani okuvela emisipha ebushelelezi yemisipha.
I-Beta-blockers, isibonelo, i-Metoprolol, i-Celiprolol, njll. Ikuvumela ukuba uqede imiphumela ye-arrhythmias, unciphise umfutho wegazi, futhi ususe i-hypoxia ezicutshini.
Ama-Anticoagulants avimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi, anciphisa izimpawu ezingezinhle zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa ukuphefumula. Lezi kungaba izidakamizwa ezifana Warfarin, Fragmin, Sinkumar, njll.
I-Statins (i-Rosuvastatin, i-Lovastatin) inqunyelwe iziguli ezinokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa i-atherosclerosis yemikhumbi.
Uma ukuphefumula okuncane ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo kuhambisana nobuhlungu, khona-ke isiguli sinqunywe ama-analgesics.
Ukungenelela kokusebenza
Indlela ephuthumayo yokwethula ukujikeleza kwamaphaphu ekuminyaniseni kwe-venous ukuchitheka kwegazi. Kulokhu, umuntu angakhululwa kusuka ku-300 kuya ku-500 ml wegazi.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo akukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi. Kulokhu, isiguli sithunyelwa ukuze sihlinzwe. Phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwayo, i-pacemaker ingafakelwa umuntu. Kwesinye isikhathi benza ukuhlinzwa kuma-valve enhliziyo, kuma-ventricles ayo.
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa akuhlobene ngokuqondile nokuphefumula, kodwa kuhloswe ukuqeda i-pathology eyisisekelo. Uma ukwazi ukuyiqeda, khona-ke izinkinga zokuphefumula zizonyamalala ngokwazo.
Ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kokuphefumula kokuphefumula ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo
Kunezindlela ezingezona ezemithi zokuvimbela ukuphefumula okusebenzayo kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo esingapheli:
Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukungenisa kukasawoti ngokudla.
Kubalulekile ukuqapha isisindo sakho, ukuvimbela ukwanda kwaso. Uma isisindo somzimba womuntu sikhulu, kuyoba nzima nakakhulu ngenhliziyo namaphaphu ukubhekana nemithwalo ebekwe phezu kwabo.
Kuyadingeka ukuyeka imikhuba emibi, ungafaki utshwala nokubhema empilweni yakho.
Umsebenzi womzimba kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela.
Qiniseka ukuthi ulawula umfutho wegazi futhi uvimbele ukwanda kwawo.
Ikhanda lombhede womuntu kufanele liphakanyiswe.
Udinga ukulala ugqoke izingubo ezingakuvimbeli ukuphefumula.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ululame ngokuphelele ekwehlulekeni okungapheli, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise izinga lempilo yakho futhi wenze ukuphefumula kube lula. Ukwelashwa okuphelele kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukusebenza iminyaka eminingi. Ngokuvamile, ukubikezelwa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuncike ku-pathology eyisisekelo eyaholela ekwephuleni okunjalo.