Ungawaguqula kanjani Amafayela e-Excel abe Ifomethi ye-CSV

CSV (Amanani Ahlukaniswe Ngokhefana) ifomethi evamile yokugcina idatha yethebula (izinombolo nombhalo) embhalweni ongenalutho. Le fomethi yefayela idumile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthi inani elikhulu lezinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ziqonda i-CSV, okungenani njengenye ifomethi yefayela lokungenisa / ukuthekelisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifomethi ye-CSV ivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi abheke ifayela futhi athole ngokushesha inkinga ngedatha, uma ikhona, shintsha i-delimiter ye-CSV, imithetho yokucaphuna, njalonjalo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba i-CSV iwumbhalo olula, futhi ngisho nomsebenzisi ongenalwazi angawuqonda kalula ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile.

Kulesi sihloko, sizofunda izindlela ezisheshayo nezisebenzayo zokuthekelisa idatha isuka ku-Excel iye ku-CSV futhi sifunde ukuguqula ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela zonke izinhlamvu ezikhethekile nezangaphandle. Amasu achazwe esihlokweni asebenza kuzo zonke izinguqulo ze-Excel 2013, 2010 kanye no-2007.

• Guqula idatha isuke ku-Excel iye kufomethi ye-CSV
• Khipha kusuka ku-Excel kuya kufomethi ye-CSV UTF-8 noma ye-UTF-16
• Ezinye izindlela zokuguqula kusuka ku-Excel kuye ku-CSV (ukugcina izinhlamvu ezikhethekile)

Ungaliguqula kanjani ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV

Uma ufuna ukuthekelisa ifayela le-Excel kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza, njengencwadi yamakheli ye-Outlook noma isizindalwazi sokufinyelela, qala uguqule ishidi le-Excel libe ifayela le-CSV, bese ungenisa ifayela. . Csv kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza. Okulandelayo umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sendlela yokuthekelisa incwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel kufomethi ye-CSV usebenzisa ithuluzi le-Excel - “Igcine njenge".

1. Encwadini yokusebenzela ye-Excel, vula ithebhu Ifayela (Ifayela) bese uchofoza Igcine njenge (Igcine njenge). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhokisi lengxoxo Ilondoloza idokhumenti (Gcina njenge) ingavulwa ngokucindezela inkinobho F12.
2. In the Uhlobo lwefayela (Londoloza njengohlobo) khetha I-CSV (ihlukaniswe ngokhefana) (CSV (Ikhefana ihlukaniswe)).Ngokungeziwe ku-CSV (ihlukaniswe ukhefana), ezinye izinketho ezimbalwa zefomethi ye-CSV ziyatholakala:
   • I-CSV (ihlukaniswe ngokhefana) (CSV (Ikhoma ihlukaniswe)). Le fomethi igcina idatha ye-Excel njengefayela lombhalo elihlukaniswe ngokhefana futhi ingasetshenziswa kolunye uhlelo lwe-Windows kanye nenguqulo ehlukile yesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows.
   • I-CSV (Macintosh). Le fomethi igcina incwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel njengefayela elinqunyelwe ukhefana ukuze lisetshenziswe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Mac.
   • I-CSV (MS DOS). Igcina incwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel njengefayela elihlukaniswe ngokhefana ukuze lisetshenziswe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-MS-DOS.
   • umbhalo we-unicode (Umbhalo we-Unicode (*txt)). Leli zinga lisekelwa cishe yizo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona, ezihlanganisa iWindows, Macintosh, Linux, neSolaris Unix. Isekela izinhlamvu ezivela cishe kuzo zonke izilimi zesimanje ngisho nezakudala. Ngakho-ke, uma incwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel iqukethe idatha ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ngincoma ukuthi uqale uyigcine ngefomethi umbhalo we-unicode (Umbhalo we-Unicode (*txt)), bese uguqulela ku-CSV njengoba kuchazwe kamuva kokuthi Thumela usuka ku-Excel uye ku-UTF-8 noma ifomethi ye-UTF-16 CSV.

Qaphela: Wonke amafomethi ashiwo londoloza kuphela ishidi le-Excel elisebenzayo.

3. Khetha ifolda ozolondoloza ifayela le-CSV bese uchofoza Londoloza (Gcina).Ngemva kokucindezela Londoloza (Londoloza) kuzovela amabhokisi amabili ezingxoxo. Ungakhathazeki, le milayezo ayibonisi iphutha, kufanele kube njalo.
4. Ibhokisi lengxoxo lokuqala likukhumbuza lokho Ishidi lamanje kuphela elingalondolozwa kufayela lohlobo olukhethiwe (Uhlobo lwefayela elikhethiwe alizisekeli izincwadi zokusebenza eziqukethe amashidi amaningi). Ukugcina ishidi lamanje kuphela, mane ucindezele OK.Uma ufuna ukulondoloza wonke amashidi encwadi, bese uchofoza ukukhansela (Khansela) bese ulondoloza wonke amashidi encwadi ngamanye amagama afanele, noma ungakhetha ukulondoloza olunye uhlobo lwefayela olusekela amakhasi amaningi.
5. Ngemuva kokuchofoza OK ebhokisini lokuqala lengxoxo, kuzovela elesibili, lixwayisa ngokuthi ezinye izici ngeke zitholakale ngenxa yokuthi azisekelwa ifomethi ye-CSV. Kufanele kube kanjena, ngakho vele uchofoze Yebo (Yebo).

Lena yindlela ishidi lokusebenzela le-Excel elingalondolozwa ngayo njengefayela le-CSV. Kuyashesha futhi kulula, futhi abukho ubunzima obungavela lapha.

Khipha usuka ku-Excel uye ku-CSV ngombhalo wekhodi we-UTF-8 noma we-UTF-16

Uma ishidi le-Excel liqukethe noma yiziphi izinhlamvu ezikhethekile noma zangaphandle (i-tilde, i-accent, nokunye) noma ama-hieroglyphs, ukuguqula ishidi le-Excel libe yi-CSV ngendlela echazwe ngenhla ngeke kusebenze.

Iphuzu ukuthi iqembu Igcine njenge > CSV (Londoloza njenge > CSV) izohlanganisa zonke izinhlamvu ngaphandle kwe-ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). Futhi uma kukhona izingcaphuno eziphindwe kabili noma amadeshi amade eshidini le-Excel (elidluliselwe ku-Excel, isibonelo, lisuka kudokhumenti ye-Word lapho ukopisha / unamathisela umbhalo) - izinhlamvu ezinjalo zizophinde zehliswe.

Isixazululo Esilula - Londoloza Ishidi le-Excel njengefayela Lombhalo I-Unicode(.txt), bese uyiguqulela ku-CSV. Ngale ndlela, zonke izinhlamvu ezingezona ze-ASCII zizohlala zinjalo.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, ake ngichaze kafushane umehluko omkhulu phakathi kombhalo wekhodi we-UTF-8 kanye ne-UTF-16, ukuze esimweni ngasinye ungakhetha ifomethi efanelekile:

• UTF-8 iwumbhalo wekhodi ohlangene kakhudlwana osebenzisa amabhayithi angu-1 ukuya kwangu-4 kuhlamvu ngalunye. Kuvame ukutuswa ukusebenzisa le fomethi lapho izinhlamvu ze-ASCII ziningi efayeleni, njengoba iningi lalezi zinhlamvu lidinga ibhayithi yememori engu-1. Enye inzuzo ukuthi ukufakwa kwekhodi kwefayela le-UTF-8 eliqukethe izinhlamvu ze-ASCII kuphela ngeke kuhluke nganoma iyiphi indlela kufayela elifanayo le-ASCII.
• UTF-16 isebenzisa amabhayithi angu-2 ukuya kwangu-4 ukugcina uhlamvu ngalunye. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi akuzona zonke izimo ifayela le-UTF-16 elidinga isikhala sememori esiningi kunefayela le-UTF-8. Isibonelo, izinhlamvu zesi-Japanese zithatha amabhayithi angu-3 kuye kwangu-4 ku-UTF-8 kanye namabhayithi angu-2 kuye kwangu-4 ku-UTF-16. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa i-UTF-16 uma idatha iqukethe izinhlamvu zase-Asia, okuhlanganisa isiJapane, isiShayina, nesiKorea. Ububi obuyinhloko balokhu kufakwa kwekhodi ukuthi akuhambisani ngokugcwele namafayela e-ASCII futhi kudinga izinhlelo ezikhethekile ukubonisa amafayela anjalo. Gcina lokhu engqondweni uma uhlela ukungenisa amafayela angumphumela kusuka ku-Excel kwenye indawo.

Ungaliguqula kanjani ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV UTF-8

Ake sithi sineshidi le-excel elinezinhlamvu zakwamanye amazwe, esibonelweni sethu zingamagama aseJapane.

Ukuthekelisa leli shidi le-Excel kufayela le-CSV, kuyilapho sigcina wonke ama-hieroglyphs, sizokwenza okulandelayo:

1. Ku-Excel, vula ithebhu Ifayela (Ifayela) bese uchofoza Igcine njenge (Igcine njenge).
2. Faka igama lefayela kunkambu Uhlobo lwefayela (Londoloza njengohlobo) khetha umbhalo we-unicode (Umbhalo we-Unicode (*.txt)) bese uchofoza Londoloza (Gcina).
3. Vula ifayela elidaliwe kunoma yimuphi umhleli wombhalo ojwayelekile, njenge-Notepad.

Qaphela: Akubona bonke abahleli bombhalo abalula abasekela ngokugcwele izinhlamvu ze-Unicode, ngakho-ke ezinye zingavela njengonxande. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu ngeke kuthinte ifayela lokugcina nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi ungakwazi ukumane uzibe noma ukhethe umhleli othuthuke kakhulu, njenge-Notepad++.

4. Njengoba ifayela lethu lombhalo le-Unicode lisebenzisa uhlamvu lwethebhu njengokuhlukanisiwe, futhi sifuna ukuliguqulela ku-CSV (i-comma ehlukanisiwe), sidinga ukufaka amakhoma esikhundleni sezinhlamvu zethebhu.

Qaphela: Uma singekho isidingo esiqinile sokuthola ifayela elinama-comma delimiters, kodwa udinga noma yiliphi ifayela le-CSV elingaqondwa yi-Excel, khona-ke lesi sinyathelo singeqiwa, njengoba i-Microsoft Excel iwaqonda kahle amafayela ane-delimiter - ithebula.

4. Uma usadinga ifayela le-CSV (lihlukaniswe ngokhefana), yenza okulandelayo ku-Notepad:
   • Khetha uhlamvu lwethebhu, chofoza kwesokudla kulo, futhi kumenyu yokuqukethwe, chofoza Kopisha (Kopisha), noma vele uchofoze Ctrl + Cnjengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni ongezansi.
   • Cindezela Ctrl + Hukuze uvule ibhokisi lengxoxo I-Substitute (Faka esikhundleni) bese unamathisele uhlamvu lwethebhu ekopishiwe endaweni Lokho (Thola ini). Kulokhu, ikhesa izoya kwesokudla - lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlamvu lwethebhu lufakiwe. Ensimini Than (Faka esikhundleni ngokuthi) faka ikhoma bese ucindezela Faka esikhundleni konke (Faka esikhundleni sakho konke).

   Ku-Notepad, umphumela uzoba into enjengale:

   

5. Chofoza Ifayela > Igcine njenge (Ifayela > Gcina njenge), faka igama lefayela nakuhlu lokudonsela phansi Ukubhalisa (Umbhalo wekhodi) khetha UTF-8… Bese ucindezela inkinobho Londoloza (Gcina).
6. Yethula iWindows Explorer bese ushintsha isandiso sefayela kusuka .txt on . Csv.Shintsha isandiso ngendlela ehlukile .txt on . Csv Ungakwenza ngokuqondile ku-Notepad. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ebhokisini lengxoxo Igcine njenge (Gcina njenge) ensimini Uhlobo lwefayela (Londoloza njengohlobo) khetha inketho Wonke amafayela (Wonke amafayela), bese wengeza okuthi “.csv” egameni lefayela endaweni ehambisanayo, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
7. Vula ifayela le-CSV ku-Excel, kulokhu, kuthebhu Ifayela (Filet) guba Vula > Amafayela wombhalo (Vula > Amafayela ombhalo) bese uhlola ukuthi idatha ilungile yini.

Qaphela: Uma ifayela lakho lihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwe-Excel futhi ifomethi ye-UTF-8 iyimfuneko, khona-ke ungenzi izinguquko eshidini futhi ungaligcini futhi ku-Excel, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele izinkinga ngokufunda umbhalo wekhodi. Uma ingxenye ethile yedatha ingavezwa ku-Excel, vula ifayela elifanayo ku-Notepad bese ulungisa idatha ekulo. Ungakhohlwa ukulondoloza ifayela ngefomethi ye-UTF-8 futhi.

Ungaliguqula kanjani ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV UTF-16

Ukuthekelisa kufayela le-UTF-16 CSV kuyashesha kakhulu futhi kulula kunokuthekelisa ku-UTF-8. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-Excel isebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ifomethi ye-UTF-16 lapho ugcina ifayela njenge umbhalo we-unicode (Umbhalo we-Unicode).

Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcina ifayela usebenzisa ithuluzi Igcine njenge (Gcina njenge) ku-Excel bese ku-Windows Explorer, shintsha isandiso sefayela elidaliwe sibe . Csv. Kwenziwe!

Uma udinga ifayela le-CSV elinesemikholoni noma isemikholoni njenge-delimiter, shintsha zonke izinhlamvu zethebhu ngokhefana noma amasemikholoni ngokulandelana kwazo ku-Notepad nanoma yimuphi omunye umhleli wombhalo ozikhethele wona (bona ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko ukuze uthole imiyalelo enemininingwane yokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu).

Ezinye Izindlela Zokuguqula Amafayela e-Excel abe yi-CSV

Izindlela ezichazwe ngenhla zokuthekelisa idatha zisuka ku-Excel ziye ku-CSV (UTF-8 ne-UTF-16) zisebenza emhlabeni wonke, okungukuthi zifanele ukusebenza nganoma yiziphi izinhlamvu ezikhethekile nanoma iyiphi inguqulo ye-Excel kusukela ngo-2003 kuya ku-2013.

Ziningi ezinye izindlela zokuguqula idatha isuke ku-Excel iye kufomethi ye-CSV. Ngokungafani nezixazululo eziboniswe ngenhla, lezi zindlela ngeke ziphumele efayeleni elihlanzekile le-UTF-8 (lokhu akusebenzi ku-OpenOffice, engakhipha amafayela e-Excel ngezinketho ezimbalwa zombhalo we-UTF). Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ifayela eliwumphumela lizoqukatha isethi yezinhlamvu ezifanele, ezingase ziguqulelwe ngokungenabuhlungu zibe ifomethi ye-UTF-8 kusetshenziswa noma yimuphi umhleli wombhalo.

Guqula Ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV usebenzisa i-Google AmaSpredishithi

Njengoba kuvela, kulula kakhulu ukuguqula ifayela le-Excel libe yi-CSV usebenzisa i-Google AmaSpredishithi. Kuncike ekutheni i-Google Drayivu isivele ifakiwe ekhompyutheni yakho, landela lezi zinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula:

1. Ku-Google Drayivu chofoza inkinobho Dala (Dala) bese ukhetha Ithebula (Isipredishithi).
2. Kumenyu Ifayela (Filet) guba Ngenisa (Ngenisa).
3. Chofoza Thwebula (Layisha) bese ukhetha ifayela le-Excel ozolilayisha ekhompyutheni yakho.
4. Ebhokisini lengxoxo I-Impifayela ort (Ngenisa ifayela) khetha Shintshanisa ithebula (Faka esikhundleni se-spreadsheet) bese uchofoza Ngenisa (Ngenisa).

Ithiphu: Uma ifayela le-Excel lilincane uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho-ke ukuze wonge isikhathi, ungadlulisa idatha isuka kulo uye kuspredishithi se-Google usebenzisa ikhophi/unamathisele.

5. Kumenyu Ifayela (Filet) guba Landa njenge (Landa njenge), khetha uhlobo lwefayela CSV – ifayela lizogcinwa kukhompuyutha.

Ekugcineni, vula ifayela le-CSV elikhiqiziwe kunoma yisiphi isihleli sombhalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi zonke izinhlamvu zigcinwe ngendlela efanele. Ngeshwa, amafayela e-CSV adalwe ngale ndlela awahlali eboniswa kahle ku-Excel.

Londoloza ifayela le-.xlsx njenge-.xls bese uguqulela kufayela le-CSV

Le ndlela ayidingi ukuphawula okwengeziwe, ngoba yonke into isivele icacile egameni.

Ngithole lesi sixazululo kwenye yezinkundla ezinikezelwe ku-Excel, angisakhumbuli ukuthi iyiphi. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, angikaze ngisebenzise le ndlela, kodwa ngokusho kwabasebenzisi abaningi, ezinye izinhlamvu ezikhethekile ziyalahleka lapho zigcinwa ngokuqondile . Xlsx в . Csv, kodwa hlalani uma kuqala . Xlsx londoloza njenge .xls, bese uthanda . Csv, njengoba senzile ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko.

Noma kunjalo, zama le ndlela yokuzenzela amafayela e-CSV kusuka ku-Excel, futhi uma isebenza, kuzoba isilondolozi sesikhathi esihle.

Igcina ifayela le-Excel njenge-CSV usebenzisa i-OpenOffice

I-OpenOffice iwumthombo ovulekile wesudi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisa uhlelo lwesipredishithi esenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuthekelisa idatha isuka ku-Excel iye kufomethi ye-CSV. Eqinisweni, lolu hlelo lokusebenza lukunikeza ukufinyelela ezinkethweni eziningi lapho uguqulela amaspredishithi kumafayela e-CSV (umbhalo wekhodi, ama-delimiters, nokunye) kune-Excel ne-Google AmaSpredishithi ehlanganiswe ndawonye.

Vele uvule ifayela le-Excel ku-OpenOffice Calc, chofoza Ifayela > Igcine njenge (Ifayela > Gcina njenge) bese ukhetha uhlobo lwefayela Umbhalo we-CSV (Umbhalo CSV).

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhetha amanani epharamitha Ukubhalisa (Amasethi ezinhlamvu) и Isihlukanisi senkundla (I-Field delimiter). Impela, uma sifuna ukudala ifayela le-UTF-8 CSV elinokhefana njengokuhlukanisa, bese ukhetha UTF-8 bese ufaka ukhefana (,) ezinkambini ezifanele. Ipharamitha Isihlukanisi sombhalo (Isihlukanisi sombhalo) ngokuvamile sishiywa singashintshiwe – izimpawu zokucaphuna (“). Chofoza ngokulandelayo OK.

Ngendlela efanayo, ukuze uguqule ngokushesha futhi okungenabuhlungu kusuka ku-Excel kuya ku-CSV, ungasebenzisa olunye uhlelo lokusebenza - LibreOffice. Vumelana, kungaba kuhle uma i-Microsoft Excel ihlinzeka ngekhono lokuphinda ulungise izilungiselelo lapho udala amafayela e-CSV.

Kulesi sihloko, ngikhulume ngezindlela engizaziyo zokuguqula amafayela e-Excel abe yi-CSV. Uma wazi izindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuthekelisa usuka ku-Excel uye ku-CSV, sicela usitshele ngakho kumazwana. Ngiyabonga ngokunaka!