Iwayini lifakwe emabhodleleni ngezindlela ezahlukene kanye nosayizi. Kodwa-ke, iziqukathi eziningi emashalofini esitolo zinevolumu evamile engu-750 ml. Okuhlukile yimikhiqizo engavamile yamawayini amnandi aseYurophu kanye ne-magnum yelitha elilodwa nengxenye ene-champagne, ebukeka ingavamile futhi engadingeki kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sizoqonda ukuthi kungani ibhodlela lewayini lingu-750 ml, nokuthi izinga livele kanjani, manje elamukelwa yibo bonke abakhiqizi.
Umlando omncane
Amabhodlela ewayini asukela eNkathini Ephakathi, kodwa amakhulu eminyaka abeyingxenye yokuhlelwa kwetafula. Kuze kube ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, i-glassware ibithathwa njengento ewubukhazikhazi, njengoba yenziwa ngesandla. Abantu abahlonishwayo ba-oda izitsha zewayini ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezifutha ingilazi, lapho izitsha zazihlotshiswe ngamajazi ezikhali nama-monograms. I-Glassware yayidingeka kakhulu eGreat Britain, lapho iwayini lalibiza khona, njengoba lalithunyelwa lisuka eFrance.
Ubukhulu bebhodlela ngaleso sikhathi kwakungu-700-800 ml - ngokusho komthamo we-blower glass lighter.
Isikhathi eside, iwayini lalivunyelwa ukudayiswa ngemiphongolo kuphela, futhi iziphuzo zazifakwa ebhodleleni ngaphambi nje kokuba kuphakwe. Isizathu sokuvinjelwa silula - ngokukhiqiza ngesandla, kwakunzima ukwenza iziqukathi zobukhulu obufanayo, okwavula amathuba okukhohlisa abathengi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi ebuthakathaka ayikwazanga ukumelana nokuhamba isikhathi eside futhi yaphuka.
Ngekhulu le-1821, abaseBrithani benza ngcono impahla, eyahlala isikhathi eside ngokushintsha ifomula nokudubula ingilazi eziko lamalahle. Ngo-XNUMX, inkampani yamaNgisi iRickets yaseBristol yagunyaza umshini wokuqala owakhiqiza amabhodlela anosayizi ofanayo, kodwa ukuthengiswa kwewayini ezitsheni zengilazi eNgilandi kwavunyelwa kuphela eminyakeni engamashumi amane kamuva, futhi kwakudingeka ilayisense ehlukile yokuhweba.
Izindinganiso zamabhodlela eYurophu nase-USA
Izinga elilodwa lebhodlela le-750 ml yethulwa amaFulentshi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-4,546. IGreat Britain ngokwesiko ibe ngomunye wabathengi abakhulu bewayini laseFrance, nokho-ke, izindawo zokuhlala nomakhelwane zazenziwa “ngamalitha ombuso” (amalitha ayi-XNUMX).
E-France, uhlelo lwe-metric lwalusebenza futhi umthamo womphongolo owodwa wawungama-225 amalitha. Ukuze konge isikhathi futhi kugwenywe ukunemba, abenzi bewayini baseBordeaux banikeza abaseBrithani ukuba benze izibalo emabhodleleni, futhi bavuma. Igalani elilodwa lalilingana namabhodlela ewayini angu-6, kanti umphongolo wawumumatha angu-300 ncamashi.
E-Italy naseFrance, amabhodlela angu-750 ml aba indinganiso ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-125, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuba lula. Amathilomu nezindawo zokudlela kunikezwe iwayini ngengilazi, lapho ibhodlela elilodwa laliphethe ama-servings ayisithupha angu-XNUMX ml lilinye. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, amasosha ebutho laseFrance athola izabelo zotshwala nsuku zonke ezitokisini zewayini, ezanikelwa ezidingweni zangaphambili ngabakhiqizi beBordeaux neLanguedoc. Nakuba iwayini lalithelwa emiphongolweni, ukubala kwenziwa emabhodleleni - elilodwa kwabathathu.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwawo-1970, i-United States yayinezindinganiso zayo. Ngemva kokuchithwa kwe-Prohibition, uhulumeni wagunyaza imithetho eyayidinga ukuthi i-whisky newayini ithengiswe ngamabhodlela angu-1/5-gallon, ayengaba amalitha angu-0,9. Ukuhlanganiswa kwakudingeka ekubaleni izintela, njengoba ngaphambi kwalokho abanikazi bamasaluni babezilolongela ukuthengisa i-whisky emiphongolweni yevolumu ehlukahlukene. Izidingo ezifanayo zasungulwa kokubili iwayini nespirit.
Ngokuthuthuka kohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kunesidingo sokuthuthukisa indlela ebumbene yomthamo weziqukathi. I-European Economic Community ngo-1976 yagunyaza indinganiso eyodwa yamabhodlela ewayini - 750 ml, nakuba izinhlobo zakudala zingafakwa emabhodleleni ezitsheni zevolumu ehlukile.
Kwakungekho zidingo eziqinile zesisindo se-tare, namuhla isisindo sebhodlela elingenalutho lika-750 ml singasuka ku-0,4 siye ku-0,5 kg.
Ngo-1979, i-United States yethula uhlelo lwemethrikhi lokupakishwa kotshwala ukuze kube lula kubenzi bewayini baseMelika ukuhweba eYurophu. Imithetho ehlinzekelwe osayizi abayisikhombisa bamabhodlela, kodwa umthamo we-750 ml waqashelwa njengezinga lewayini.
Amabhodlela ewayini amnandi
Ukuma nobukhulu bamabhodlela kuhlobene eduze namasiko ezwe elikhiqizayo. I-Tokay yaseHungary ifakwe ebhodleleni ku-Half-litre noma i-Jennie - amabhodlela angama-half-litre anomumo okhethekile, kuyilapho e-Italy i-Prosecco ne-Asti ithengiswa ngamabhodlela amancane e-piccolo anomthamo we-187,5 ml. E-France, ama-magnum anevolumu ye-1,5 amalitha ajwayelekile, lapho abakhiqizi bethela i-champagne. Umthamo wamabhodlela amakhulu ngokuvamile uphindaphinda ilitha elilodwa nengxenye.
Iziqukathi ezinosayizi okungezona ezendabuko zinikezwa amagama abalingiswa baseBhayibhelini:
- uRehobowamu indodana kaSolomoni nenkosi yakwaJuda uRehobowamu, 4,5 l;
- UMathusalem – uMethusela, omunye wokhokho babantu, 6 l;
- UBalthazar – uBalthazar, indodana endala yombusi wokugcina waseBabiloni, eneminyaka eyi-12;
- UMelkisedeki – uMelkisedeki, inkosi yaseSalema, eneminyaka engama-30
Amabhodlela amakhulu e-champagne ngokuvamile asebenza njengengxenye yombukiso wemikhosi emishadweni nasemikhosini. Akulula, futhi ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele, ukuthela iwayini kubo ngendlela evamile. Isibonelo, uMelkisedeki unesisindo esingaphezu kwama-50 kg, ngakho-ke isitsha sigxiliwe enqoleni, futhi iwayini lithelwa kusetshenziswa indlela evumela ukuthi utshekise intamo ngobumnene. Ibhodlela lamalitha angama-30 liqukethe izingilazi ezingama-300 ze-champagne.