Okuqukethwe
UVitamin B3 (niocin noma igama eliphelelwe yisikhathi i-PP) liyancibilika emanzini futhi lingena kalula emzimbeni.
INiacin iza ngezindlela ezimbili, i-niacin ne-niacin. Ngokokuqala ngqa i-nicotinic acid yatholakala ngo-1867 njengesakhi se-nicotine, kodwa-ke akekho noyedwa owakudalula ukubaluleka kwalesi sakhi somzimba. Kwakungo-1937 kuphela lapho kwasungulwa khona ukubaluleka kwe-niacin.
Emikhiqizweni yezilwane, i-niacin itholakala ngohlobo lwe-nicotinamide, kanti emikhiqizweni yezitshalo, isesimweni se-nicotinic acid.
I-Nicotinic acid ne-nicotinamide zifana kakhulu nomphumela wazo emzimbeni. Nge-nicotinic acid, umphumela ophawuleka kakhulu we-vasodilator uyisici.
I-Niacin ingakhiwa emzimbeni kusuka ku-amino acid tryptophan ebalulekile. Kukholakala ukuthi i-60 mg ye-niacin ihlanganiswe kusuka ku-1 mg we-tryptophan. Mayelana nalokhu, isidingo somuntu sansuku zonke sivezwa ngokulingana kwe-niacin (NE). Ngakho-ke, i-1 niacin efanayo ilingana ne-1 mg ye-niacin noma i-60 mg ye-tryptophan.
Ukudla okunothile kuka-Vitamin B3
Kuboniswe ukutholakala okulinganiselwa ku-100 g womkhiqizo
Imfuneko yansuku zonke kavithamini B3
Imfuneko yansuku zonke yevithamini B3 yile: yamadoda - 16-28 mg, yabesifazane - 14-20 mg.
Isidingo sevithamini B3 sanda nge:
- ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba;
- umsebenzi omkhulu we-neuropsychic (abashayeli bezindiza, abathumeli, abasebenza ngocingo);
- eNyakatho Ekude;
- sebenza ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezishisayo;
- ukukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation;
- ukudla okunamaprotheni amancane kanye nokuqhamuka kwamaprotheni ezitshalo ngaphezu kwezilwane (imifino, ukuzila ukudla).
Izakhiwo eziwusizo nomphumela wazo emzimbeni
Uvithamini B3 uyadingeka ekukhishweni kwamandla avela kuma-carbohydrate namafutha, ukuthola amaprotheni metabolism. Kuyingxenye yama-enzyme anikeza ukuphefumula kwamaselula. I-Niacin ijwayele isisu namanyikwe.
I-Nicotinic acid inomthelela omuhle ezinhlelweni zezinzwa nezinhliziyo; igcina isikhumba esinempilo, i-mucosa yamathumbu kanye nomgodi womlomo; ubamba iqhaza ekugcinweni kombono ojwayelekile, kuthuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi futhi kunciphise umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi i-niacin ivimbela amaseli ajwayelekile ekubeni ngumdlavuza.
Ukuntuleka nokuningi kwamavithamini
Izimpawu Zokushoda Kwamavithamini B3
- ukukhathala, ukunganaki, ukukhathala;
- isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu;
- ukucasuka
- ukuqwasha;
- ukuncipha kokudla, ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ukucwenga nokoma kwesikhumba;
- ukushaya ngonyawo;
- ukuqunjelwa;
- ukuncipha kokumelana komzimba nezifo.
Ngokushoda isikhathi eside kukavithamini B3, isifo se-pellagra singaqala. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-pellagra yilezi:
- isifo sohudo (indle izikhathi ezingama-3-5 noma ngaphezulu ngosuku, amanzi ngaphandle kwegazi namafinyila);
- ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, isisindo esiswini;
- isilungulela, ukubhoboza;
- umlomo ovuthayo, ukuvuza amathe;
- ubomvu bomlenze;
- ukuvuvukala kwezindebe nokubukeka kwemifantu kuzo;
- ama-papillae olimi aphuma njengamachashazi abomvu, bese ebushelelezi;
- imifantu ejulile kungenzeka ngolimi;
- amabala abomvu avela ezandleni, ebusweni, entanyeni, endololwaneni;
- isikhumba esivuvukile (kubuhlungu, kuvela ukulunywa namabhamuza);
- ubuthakathaka obukhulu, i-tinnitus, ikhanda;
- izinzwa zokuba ndikindiki nokukhasa;
- ukuntengantenga;
- ingcindezi yegazi.
Izimpawu zokweqisa kukaVitamin B3
- ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;
- ukulunywa;
- ukuquleka.
Izici ezithinta okuqukethwe kweVitamin B3 ekudleni
I-Niacin izinzile endaweni yangaphandle - ingakwazi ukumelana nokugcinwa isikhathi eside, ukuqhwa, ukomiswa, ukuchayeka elangeni, izixazululo ze-alkaline kanye ne-asidi. Kodwa ngokwelashwa okuvamile kokushisa (ukupheka, ukuthosa), okuqukethwe kwe-niacin emikhiqizweni kuncishiswa ngo-5-40%.
Kungani Ukuntuleka Kwamavithamini B3 Kuvela
Ngokudla okunomsoco, isidingo sevithamini PP siyaneliseka ngokugcwele.
UVitamin PP angaba khona ekudleni ngazo zombili izinhlobo ezitholakala kalula futhi eziboshwe ngokuqinile. Isibonelo, kuzinhlamvu, i-niacin isesimweni okunzima ukusithola, yingakho i-vitamin PP ingamunci kahle ezinhlamvini. Icala elibalulekile ummbila, lapho le vithamini isenhlanganisweni engeyinhle neze.
Abantu asebekhulile kungenzeka bangabi nayo i-vitamin PP eyanele noma ngabe banokudla okwanele. ukuphazamiseka kwabo kuphazamisekile.