Ukukhula kwezicubu ze-lymphoid ezise-nasopharynx, ama-adenoids adlala indima yokuzivikela emzimbeni eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila. Ngenxa ye-hypertrophy noma ukutheleleka kwabo, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukubasusa ngokuhlinzwa, ngaphandle kokuthinta amasosha omzimba.

I-Adenoids, noma i-adenoids, ukukhula okuncane okutholakala ku-nasopharynx, emkhawulweni ophezulu womphimbo, ngemuva kwekhala nangaphezulu kolwanga. Zikhula phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, zifinyelela ivolumu yazo enkulu phakathi kweminyaka eyi-1 nengu-3, ​​bese zibuyela emuva zize zinyamalale cishe iminyaka eyishumi.

Ama-Adenoids akhiwa izicubu ze-lymphoid ezifana nezama-lymph node. Njengama-tonsils, ama-adenoid ngakho-ke adlala indima yokuzivikela: ibekwe ngobuchule emnyango wesistimu yokuphefumula futhi iqukethe amaseli omzimba, asiza umzimba ukuthi uzivikele kumagciwane nakamagciwane. Le ndima ibalulekile eminyakeni yokuqala yempilo yengane, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi.

I-Hypertrophy ye-adenoids

Kwezinye izingane, ama-adenoids akhuliswa ngokomthethosisekelo. Ngemuva kwalokho zingadala ukuvinjelwa kwamakhala, ngokuhogela nokulala ubuthongo okungaba nomthelela ekukhuleni okuhle kwengane.

Ukuvuvukala okungapheli / ukutheleleka kwama-adenoids

Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kukhuphuka kwevolumu ye-adenoids kuseceleni kokutheleleka ngemvelaphi yegciwane noma yegciwane. Acindezeleke kakhulu endimeni yawo yokuzivikela, ama-adenoid ayakhula, avutha bese engenwa yigciwane. Bangagcina bevimbela amashubhu eustachian (umsele oxhumanisa ngemuva komphimbo nezindlebe) futhi babangele izifo zendlebe ngokuqongelela uketshezi lwe-serous endlebeni. Ukungezwani komzimba noma isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD) nakho kungaba yimbangela yalesi hypertrophy.

Imithi elwa namagciwane noma i-corticosteroids

Njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala, imbangela yalesi hypertrophy izophathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane uma kungukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, i-corticosteroids uma iyi-allergy.

Ukususwa kwe-adenoids, adenoidectomy

Uma kwenzeka kuba nokuphazamiseka kokukhula kanye / noma ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okuqhubekayo ngenxa yokwandiswa komthethosisekelo kwama-adenoids, i-adenoidectomy (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukusebenza kwama-adenoids") ingenziwa. Kuqukethe ukukhipha ama-adenoid ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, imvamisa ngokwesikhathi sokugula.

I-Adenoidectomy nayo iyanconywa lapho kukhona i-otitis media eyinkimbinkimbi noma enesibopho sokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokuzwa okungazweli ekwelashweni, noma ezimweni ze-otitis media (AOM) (ezingaphezulu kwezi-3 ngonyaka) ngemuva kokwehluleka kokwelashwa. Kuzovame ukuhlanganiswa nokusebenza kwamalaka (tonsillectomy) noma ukufakwa komoya ophefumulayo (“yoyo”).

Lokhu kusebenza akuphazamisi amasosha omzimba wengane, njengoba kuzothatha ezinye izicubu ze-lymphoid, ezinjengama-lymph node ekhanda nasentanyeni.

Izimpawu ezahlukahlukene ezinganeni kufanele ziholele ekubonisaneni: ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvinjelwa kwamakhala, ukuphefumula umlomo, ukuhogela, ukuphefumula ukulala, ukutheleleka okuphindelela kwezindlebe kanye ne-nasopharyngitis.

Ama-adenoid awabonakali ngeso lenyama. Ukuwahlola, udokotela we-ENT uzokwenza i-nasopharyngoscopy ene-fiberscope eguquguqukayo. I-lateral cavum x-ray nayo ingahle inqunyelwe ukubheka usayizi we-adenoids.