Ukuchama isenzo sokuchama. Izinkinga zokuchama ziningi futhi nemvelo yazo iyehluka kuye ngeminyaka. Zingaba eziyinhloko (zihlala zikhona) noma zesibili ekulimaleni, izifo, ukusebenza kahle kwesinye, njll.

Ukuchama okujwayelekile kufanele kulawulwe kahle, “kube lula” (ungakuphoqi), kungabi buhlungu futhi kuvumele isinye ukuba siphume ngokwenelisayo.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuvota kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni (kufaka phakathi ukumanzisa umbhede, "ukukhipha umbhede" ebusuku, nokungavuthwa kwesinye), yize kuthinta nabantu abadala, ikakhulukazi abesifazane.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuchama kungahle kube ngenxa yesifo sokugcwalisa isinye noma okuphambene nokuchithwa kwesinye. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu.

Kunezinkinga eziningana zokuchama njalo, phakathi kokunye:

• i-dysuria: ubunzima bokukhipha isinye ngesikhathi sokuchama ngokuzithandela (ubuthakathaka bendiza, ukuchama nge-spurts)
• i-pollakiuria: ukuchama kaningi (ngaphezulu kuka-6 ngosuku no-2 ngobusuku)
• ukugcinwa okunamandla: ukungakwazi ukukhipha isinye naphezu kwesidingo esiphuthumayo
• ukuphuthuma noma ukuphuthuma: izifiso eziphuthumayo okunzima ukuzilawula, ezingajwayelekile
• ukungabambeki komchamo
• i-polyuria: ukwanda kwevolumu yomchamo
• i-bladder syndrome engasebenzi ngokweqile: izidingo eziphuthumayo ngokungahambisani nomchamo noma ngaphandle kwawo, imvamisa kuhlotshaniswa ne-pollakiuria noma i-nocturia (kudingeka uchame ebusuku)

Kunezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zokuchama kanye nezimbangela ezihambisanayo.

Lapho isinye siphela kahle, kungaba ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha ye-detrusor (imisipha yesinye). Kungaba futhi "isithiyo" esivimba ukuphuma komchamo (ezingeni lentamo yesinye, i-urethra noma inyama yokuchama), noma ngisho nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuvimbela ukudlula komchamo. isinye ukusebenza kahle.

Kungaba, phakathi kwabanye (futhi ngendlela engapheli):

• ukuvinjelwa kwe-urethra exhunywe ngokwesibonelo nezinkinga ze-prostate emadodeni (i-benign prostatic hypertrophy, umdlavuza, i-prostatitis), ekunciphiseni (stenosis) kwe-urethra, ku-uterine noma ku-ovarian tumor, njll.
• ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract (cystitis)
• i-cystitis noma i-bladder syndrome ebuhlungu, izimbangela zazo ezingaziwa kahle, ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kokuchama (ikakhulukazi isidingo sokuchama, ikakhulukazi) esihambisana nobuhlungu be-pelvic noma besinye
• ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa: ukuhlukumezeka komgogodla, i-multiple sclerosis, isifo sikaParkinson, njll.
• imiphumela yesifo sikashukela (ethinta izinzwa ezivumela isinye ukuthi sisebenze kahle)
• ukwanda ngokobulili (ukwehla kwesitho somzimba) noma isimila esithweni sangasese sowesifazane
• ukuthatha imithi ethile (i-anticholinergics, i-morphines)

Ezinganeni, izinkinga zokuchama zivame ukusebenza, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingakhombisa ukungahambi kahle komgudu wokuchama noma inkinga yezinzwa.

Izinkinga zokuchama azijabulisi futhi zingaguqula izinga lempilo ngendlela ebabazekayo, ezinomthelela empilweni yezenhlalo, yobungcweti, neyezocansi… Ubucayi bezimpawu ngokusobala buyahlukahluka kakhulu, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ungalibali ukubonisana ukuze uzuze osizweni olusheshayo .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka okuthile njengokugcinwa komchamo kungadala ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo komgudu womchamo ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukulungisa ngokushesha.

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngesizathu esitholakele.

Ezinganeni, imikhuba emibi yokuchama ivame kakhulu: ukwesaba ukuya endlini yangasese esikoleni, ukugcinwa komchamo okungadala ukutheleleka, ukuqedwa okungaphelele kwesinye okuholela ekuchameni kaningi, njll. Kaningi, "ukuvuselelwa" kuyilungisa inkinga.

Kwabesifazane, ubuthakathaka besitezi se-pelvic, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokubeletha, kungaholela ekungalawuleki nakwezinye izinkinga zomchamo: ukuvuselelwa kwe-perineal kuvame ukuthuthukisa isimo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kuzocatshangelwa uma kukhona ukungakhululeki okuphawulekayo. Imithi yokwelapha, yokuhlinza nokuvuselela (i-biofeedback, ukuvuselelwa okuphelele) ingahlinzekwa ngokuya ngesimo. Uma kutholakala ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, kuzonikezwa ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. Izimpawu ezinjengokusha nobuhlungu lapho uchama akufanele zinganakwa: ukutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu futhi kufanele kulashwe ngokushesha.