I-Trichinosis kubantu

I-Trichinellosis - enye yezinhlobo ze-helminthiasis. Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukungenwa yisilwane esincane esingaphansi kwesigaba sama-nematodes. I-Trichinella evuthiwe ngokocansi ibeka izibungu zayo emathunjini omuntu, futhi ngemva kwalokho, izibungu zingena emisipha ngokugeleza kwegazi, futhi zihlale lapho esimweni sokulala. Emavikini angu-3-4 kusukela ekuqaleni kokutheleleka, izibungu ziyakhula futhi zimbozwe nge-capsule. I-agent ebangela lesi sifo isibungu esiyindilinga esingafika ku-0,5 mm ubude, sithatha isimo se-spiral.

Ukwanda kwe-trichinosis

I-Trichinosis kubantu iyingxenye yesigaba se-biohelminthiasis, njengoba ibangelwa izikelemu ze-parasitic - i-Trichinella. Lesi sifo sitholakala ezilwaneni nakubantu. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezilwane ezivame ukuthinteka kakhulu yi-trichinosis yilezi: impisi, impungushe, ibhere, i-bager, ingulube yasendle. Izingulube zasekhaya nazo zingenwa lolu hlobo lwe-helminthiasis. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho izingulube ziklabile, lapho sezitholakala ukuthi zidle inyama yezilwane ezifile kanye namagundane amancane.

Izizathu zokusabalala kwe-trichinosis:

  • Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kahle kwe-pathogen emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi kwamnikeza indawo yokuhlala ezindaweni eziningi ezinesimo sezulu;

  • Umzimba womuntu ungenwa kalula yilesi sifo;

  • Ukuqubuka kweqembu le-helminthiasis akuyona into engavamile phakathi kwamalungu eqembu elifanayo noma umndeni owodwa odle inyama nge-Trichinella;

  • Izimo eziphindaphindiwe zokutheleleka zenzeka ngenxa yokungavikeleki okungazinzile okwakhiwa ngemva kokuhlasela kokuqala.

I-Trichinella mutate, kuvela izinhlobo ezintsha ze-nematode ezingakhi i-capsule, kanye nezinhlobo ezibulala izinyoni.

Izindlela zokutheleleka nge-trichinosis

I-Trichinella ingena emzimbeni womuntu ngomlomo, lapho idla inyama enegciwane. Izimuncagazi enyameni ziyafa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngokushisa, ngakho inyama engaphekiwe kahle, engelaphekile neluhlaza ithwala ingozi enkulu. Ingulube enegciwane, inyama yemvubelo, inyama yebhere, nenyama yengulube yasendle kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-trichinosis emzimbeni womuntu ngemuva kokutheleleka:

Isikhathi kusukela ekuthelelekeni

Inqubo

1-1,5 amahora

Isibungu esikhishwe ku-capsule singena kulwelwesi lwamafinyila lesisu noma i-duodenum kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo ezitholakala ngaphansi kwaso.

1 amahora

Isibungu siphenduka sibe isibungu esivuthiwe.

izinsuku 3-4

A mature female worm lays larvae (one female is capable of producing from 100 to 2000 new worms). The larvae enter the blood vessels and are delivered with the bloodstream to the muscles.

izinsuku 42-56

Isikhathi lapho isibungu sesifazane esikhulile sikwazi ukubeka izibungu.

Izinsuku ezingu-17-18 kusukela ekuthunjweni kwezibungu ngowesifazane

Izibungu ziyavuthwa emisipheni futhi zitheleleke kumuntu omusha.

Amaviki angu-3-4 kusukela ngesikhathi sokubeka izibungu ngowesifazane

Isibungu simbozwe nge-capsule. Ngemva konyaka, ukubalwa kwama-capsules kwenzeka.

iminyaka 10-40

Lesi yisikhathi lapho i-larva ngesimo se-capsule ikwazi ukuphikelela emisipha yomphathi.

Izimpawu zokuqala nezimpawu ze-trichinosis

I-Trichinosis kubantu ayibangeli ukulimala okubonakalayo emzimbeni. Azikho izinguquko kuzicubu zemisipha. Ukulimala empilweni kubangelwa amaprotheni akha umzimba we-parasite. Ziyi-allergener enamandla kakhulu, izinto zangaphandle. Ukusabela okunamandla kwe-allergic okubangelwa yizo kuholela ekulimaleni kwemithambo yegazi namalunga.

Isikhathi se-incubation se-trichinosis. Ihlala ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingama-30, kaningi - izinsuku eziyi-10-25. Azikho izimpawu zesifo. Kukhona iphethini - uma i-helminthiasis inzima kakhulu, isikhathi eside (esifihliwe) isikhathi eside.

Isikhathi sihamba ngokugcwele. Isikhathi eside sokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu sibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo olunzima lwe-trichinosis.

Ifomu elithambile nelimaphakathi - izimpawu:

  • komzimba. Izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane, ngaphezu kuka-37°C, ukuphakama kwansuku zonke kuyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwe-1°C.

  • Ukuvuvukala emzimbeni nasezithweni. Isizathu saso siwukungezwani komzimba nokwethulwa kwephrotheni yangaphandle. Uphawu lwesici “ubuso bexoxo” besiguli.

  • Ubuhlungu bemisipha emikhawulweni engaphezulu nangaphansi, imisipha yangemuva, intamo, amehlo, i-pharynx, i-peritoneum. Izinhlungu ezinzima ziqala emisipha yethole, zithinta umlomo wesibeletho kanye nokuhlafuna. Ubuhlungu bubhebhetheka ngenxa ye-palpation nokunyakaza. Bangakwazi ukuqala ukuphazamisa isiguli kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-1-3 zokwethulwa kwe-parasite emzimbeni. Ukuvela kokuqala kobuhlungu bemisipha kuwuphawu lohlobo olunzima lwe-trichinosis.

Ukuqubuka esikhumbeni. Inamafomu ahlukene:

  1. Ngendlela ye-urticaria ye-allergic - amabhamuza apinki anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, aphenduka aphaphatheke lapho ecindezelwa;

  2. Amabhamuza alumayo aphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba (urticaria);

  3. Amaqembu ama-plaque ahlangana nomunye nomunye (i-papular rash).

Izinkinga ngezinhlobo ezinzima ze-trichinosis:

  • I-Meningoencephalitis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lobuchopho.

  • Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu (i-eosinophilic pneumonia). Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwezicubu zamaphaphu ze-eosinophils - imikhiqizo yokusabela okweqile. Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pleurisy, ukubonakala kwezimpawu ze-asthma ye-bronchial.

  • I-Myocarditis ukuvuvukala kwe-myocardium ngenxa ye-allergies kanye nokusabela ngokweqile kwamasosha omzimba. Kaningi kunezinye izinkinga ziba imbangela yokufa kweziguli.

  • I-nephritis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zezinso.

  • I-Hepatitis ukuvuvukala kwesibindi.

  • Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emisipha kuholela ekulimazeni okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kokuhamba.

Ukufa ngendlela enzima yesifo kuyi-10-30% yenani eliphelele leziguli. Isikhathi esivame kakhulu sokufa amaviki angu-4-8 kusukela ekuqaleni kokutheleleka. Ngamafomu athambile, ngemuva kwamasonto angama-5-6, iziguli ziyalulama.

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis kuye ngokuthi isigaba sesifo

Ukubonakaliswa kwe-trichinosis ekuqaleni kwesilonda kuncike ekugxilweni kwama-parasites emzimbeni. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo kuncike ekusakazeni kwezibungu emisipha kanye nesimo sokuzivikela kwesiguli. Izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu ze-helminthiasis zihlotshaniswa nokuphendula okunganele komzimba ekungenisweni kweprotheni yangaphandle emzimbeni, hhayi emsebenzini we-Trichinella nezibungu zabo.

Stage

Isikhathi kusukela ekuthelelekeni

Izimpawu

Ukuhlasela kwe-Trichinellosis (ukungena emzimbeni)

izinsuku 7

Izibungu ze-Trichinella, ezimunywe ngomlomo, zisemathunjini amancane. Zizinzile kulwelwesi lwamafinyila, okubangela ukuvuvukala kodonga lwamathumbu. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-55 emathunjini amancane, izibungu zikhula zibe abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi, ukuvundiswa kwabo kanye nokuvela kwesizukulwane esisha sezibungu. I-Trichinella yesifazane eyodwa ikhiqiza abantu abangafika kwabayinkulungwane nengxenye. Izimpawu zesigaba sokuqala se-trichinosis:

  • Ukushintsha uhudo nokuqunjelwa;

  • Ubuhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric;

  • Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;

  • Ukungabi nesifiso sokudla.

Ukusabalalisa (ukusabalala kwezibungu emzimbeni wonke)

Iviki le-2-4

Izibungu ziqala ukufuduka kwazo ezicubu zomzimba, zingena emisipha. Benza indlela yabo esuka emathunjini ngokusebenzisa igazi nemithambo ye-lymphatic. Ngemuva kokungena egazini, izibungu ze-Trichinella zigxila emisipha yemisipha. Ziyakhula, zikhule, zikhiphe izinto ezingezwani negazi egazini. Ukudakwa kuqala emzimbeni, ukungezwani komzimba kukhula.

  • i-periorbital edema - uphawu lwe-trichinosis. Izicubu zamehlo ezithintwa izibungu ziyavuvukala ngenxa yoketshezi oluningi lwe-interstitial. Amajwabu amehlo angenhla naphansi kanye nebhuloho lekhala likhukhumala, kuba nobuhlungu lapho uhambisa amehlo.

  • Ukopha ku-retina nangaphansi kwe-conjunctiva yamehlo okubangelwa ukulimala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi yi-Trichinella. Izimpawu ezibalulekile wukulunywa kanye ne-lacrimation.

  • komzimba ihlala kusuka kumaviki angu-1 kuya kwangu-2, ukusabela esenzweni sobuthi obufihliwe yi-helminths. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingafinyelela ku-38-40 ° C.

  • Ukukhukhumala kwezicubu zobuso - okubangelwa ukungena kwe-trichinella emisipha yolimi kanye nemisipha yokuhlafuna. Isikhumba sobuso sithintwa ama-rashes. I-edema ingasakazeka kuzicubu zobuchopho, i-parenchyma yamaphaphu.

  • bekhanda - ukusabela ekulimaleni okunobuthi ebuchosheni.

  • Ubuhlungu besisu - umphumela wokulimala kwemisipha nge-trichinella. Iqala ezithweni, isakaze entanyeni nasemahlombe. Ukuphakama kwe-helminths emzimbeni, ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu kanye nokunyakaza okulinganiselwe.

  • Ukuphazamiseka kwe-CNS - ukuqwasha, ukucindezeleka kubangelwa ukulimala kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa.

  • I-Dysphagia - izinkinga zokugwinya ngenxa yokusabalala kwezibungu emisipha ye-masticatory kanye nokugwinya.

  • Izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela - izimpawu zivela ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwesikhwehlela ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-antigen nama-antibodies.

  • Rash - ama-papules, amabala, ama-blister avela ngenxa yokungezwani nobuthi be-parasite.

Isiteji se-encapsulation

Emavikini lasi-6 kuya etinyangeni letisitfupha ngemuva kwekungenwa yigciwane

Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu kwenzeka. Izibungu zifinyelela ubukhulu obungu-0,8 mm, zithatha ukuma okuzungezayo. Ukufakwa kwamanye amazwe (isibungu) kubiyelwe nge-capsule evela ezicubu zemisipha, kumisa ukukhula kwayo. Ubuthi be-Trichinella awungeni emzimbeni, izimpawu zesifo ziba zincane kakhulu, kancane kancane ziyeke. I-capsule ibalwa, lawa sawoti angabhubhisa isibungu. Ngezinye izikhathi isibungu se-Trichinella sihlala siphila iminyaka engaba ngu-25, ngaphandle kokuthinta inhlalakahle yomuntu. Izimpawu zesigaba sokuzalwa kabusha:

  • Ukubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi yezitho ezithintekile ezinsukwini eziyi-15-20;

  • Ubuhlungu bemisipha buhlala kuze kube yizinyanga ezi-2;

  • Ukuhlushwa okukhulayo kwama-eosinophils kulungiswa kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezi-3.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingafiphazwa, zifihlwe njengezinye izifo. Kunezimpawu ezintathu ze-trichinosis ezihlale ziqoshwa udokotela ngemva kokudla inyama ethelelekile:

  • I-hyperthermia;

  • ukwanda kwenani lama-eosinophils egazini;

  • Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu eduze kwamehlo (i-periorbital edema)

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis kubantu zingafana nokubonakaliswa kwe-myositis, i-allergies, nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Lesi sithombe siholela eqinisweni lokuthi isiguli asiqapheli ukubukeka kwe-helminthiasis kuye.

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis ezinganeni

Ukuthelela ingane, kwanele ukudla inyama encane ene-trichinella enesisindo esingu-10-15 g, engazange ithole ukwelashwa okugcwele ukushisa. Isikhathi esifihliwe sisukela ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingama-45. Uma lesi sikhathi sisifushane, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu enganeni.

  1. Izimpawu zisencane. Ihlala izinsuku ezingu-7-14, ngemva kokululama, izimpawu ezincane ziphawulwa izinsuku ezingu-7-10.

    • I-Hyperthermia kufika ku-38,5°C:

    • Ukukhukhumala okuncane kobuso;

    • ubuhlungu bemisipha obuncane;

    • I-edema yamajwabu amehlo;

    • Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-eosinophils ngo-10-12%.

  2. Izimpawu zisesigabeni esimaphakathi. Isikhathi esibi sithatha amasonto ama-3, ukuvuselelwa - amasonto angama-2-3 ngemuva kokululama.

    • I-hyperthermia kufika ku-40 ° C, izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic zinciphisa ngokungekho ngaphezu kwe-1 ° C;

    • Ubuhlungu emisipha, amalunga, isisu nomphimbo;

    • Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;

    • ukuvuvukala kobuso;

    • Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile: i-ESR yanda (ngaphezu kuka-17 mm/h), ama-leukocyte anda (afinyelela ku-8,8 10).9/ l), ukuhlushwa kwe-eosinophils kukhuphuke kwaba ngu-25-40%.

  3. Izimpawu zisesigabeni esibi kakhulu. Iphathwa emnyangweni wezifo ezithathelwanayo esibhedlela, ngaphandle kokwelashwa ingane ingafa.

    • i-hyperthermia kufika ku-41 ° C;

    • Ukwandiswa kwesibindi nobende;

    • Ukuphazamiseka kwe-CNS: i-delirium, ukuyaluza, isithuthwane;

    • Ukuhlaselwa kobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini;

    • isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza;

    • Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha, obuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yokudlikizela;

    • I-subcutaneous hemorrhages kanye nokuqubuka;

    • Izinkomba zokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele: Ama-leukocyte afika ku-30-40 × 109/l; I-ESR ifinyelela ku-50-60 mm / h; ukuhlushwa kwe-eosinophils kuze kufike ku-80 - 90%;

    • Amasilinda namaprotheni emchameni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-trichinosis ezinganeni kwenziwa ngezidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic (Thiabendazole, Vermox) ngokuhambisana nesisindo somzimba kanye neminyaka yengane.

Izidakamizwa zokwelashwa okuyizimpawu ze-trichinosis:

  • I-Ibuprofen, iParacetamol - ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, ukukhulula ubuhlungu;

  • I-Tsetrin, i-Loratadin - ama-antihistamines ukunciphisa ukudakwa nokubonakaliswa kokungezwani komzimba;

  • Papaverine, No-shpa - antispasmodics ukunciphisa ubuhlungu;

  • Amavithamini amaqembu C no-B ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba.

Ukuvuselelwa ngemuva kwesifo kwenziwa ngosizo lwezikhathi zokusikhipha, okugeza ngosawoti olwandle kanye namakhambi okwelapha, inkimbinkimbi yokuzivocavoca zokwelapha.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-trichinellosis

Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi okujwayelekile. Nge-trichinosis kubantu, okuqukethwe kwe-eosinophils, uhlobo lwe-leukocyte, kwanda kakhulu egazini. Ukugcwala kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kuvame ukukhuphuka ngokungezwani okunamandla, okuhlanganisa nokungezwani komzimba okuhambisana ne-trichinosis.

Izinguquko ekubunjweni kwegazi, okutholakala ukuthi une-trichinosis:

  • Inani lama-eosinophil lifinyelela ku-50 kuya ku-80% yenani eliphelele lama-leukocyte;

  • Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwama-leukocyte kuwuphawu lokusebenza kokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokuba khona kwenqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Lezi zimpawu zivela ngokushesha ngemva kokutheleleka, ziphikelela ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3 ngemva kokululama.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-serological. Ukuhlaziywa kokusabela kwegazi ekunamathiselwe kwama-antigen atholakala ezibungwini ze-nematode kuyenziwa. Ama-antibodies kubo akhiwa njengendlela yokusabela ekwethulweni kwe-helminths.

Izinhlobo zokuxilonga ze-serological:

Isifinyezo

okulotshiwe

Into

I-RSK

Gcwalisa ukusabela kokulungisa

Uma kukhona ama-antibodies egazini lesiguli, khona-ke ahlanganisa ne-antigen futhi azinamathisele kuwo i-molecule ehambisanayo, into ekhethekile ehilelekile ekuphenduleni komzimba. Kulokhu, ukusabela kuzobhekwa njengokuhle.

I-RNGA

Ukusabela kwe-hemagglutination engaqondile

Kusekelwe ekhonweni lamaseli abomvu egazi okunamathelana lapho i-antibody ne-antigen kungaphezulu kwawo.

I-ELISA

Ukuhlolwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-immunosorbent

Yenza ukusabela phakathi kwamasosha omzimba nama-antigen. Ama-enzyme akhethekile asebenza njengelebula elikuvumela ukuthi uhlole umphumela.

I-REEF

Ukusabela kwe-Immunofluorescence

Impahla inelebula elikhethekile, eliholela ekukhanyeni ngemva kokuba i-antibody isabela ne-antigen.

I-REMA

Ukusabela kwama-antibodies anelebula le-enzyme.

Ilebula elikhethekile, eliyi-enzyme, likuvumela ukuthi uhlole umphumela.

I-intravenous allergy test. Kwenziwa ukuze kuvuse ukungezwani komzimba ekuphenduleni ukwethulwa kwe-antigen ye-trichinosis. Ingxenye yesisombululo se-antigen ijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kutholakala ngokubonakala kwe-hyperemia nokubomvu endaweni yomjovo. Le ndlela ingaxilonga i-trichinosis ekuqaleni kwamaviki ama-2 we-nematode infection. Umphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa kwe-allergic uphikelela iminyaka engu-5-10.

I-biopsy yemisipha. Kwenziwa ngaphandle komphumela omuhle ovela kwezinye izindlela zocwaningo. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope, i-biomaterial etholwe ngenaliti evela emsipha wesiguli iyafundwa.

Ukufunda ngenyama yezilwane ezigulayo. Ngokukhula okuphindaphindiwe, inyama yesilwane, umthombo osolwayo wokutheleleka, ihlolwe. Ngokusebenzisa isibonakhulu, amaphilisi anezibungu atholakala ezicutshini zesilwane esigulayo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-trichinellosis

Izidakamizwa ze-Anthelmintic (ukwelashwa okuhloswe ukulwa ne-causative agent yesifo):

  • ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala; 100 mg izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku;

  • izinsuku ezingu-10 ezilandelayo; 500 mg izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku.

Children under 7 years old: 25 mg of the drug 3 times a day. Children aged 7; 9 years: 3 times a day, 50 mg. Older than 10 years:

  • ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala; 100 mg izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku;

  • bese izinsuku ezingu-10, 500 mg izikhathi 3 ngosuku.

Take after meals. (;Complete reference book of an infectious disease specialist; edited by DMN, prof., corresponding member of RAE and REA Eliseeva Yu.Yu.,; Eksmo;, 2007)

Ukulungiselela

Izinkomba kanye nemiphumela

Indlela yokusebenza

UMbendazole

Violates the absorption of glucose by worms and the synthesis of ATP in their body – the main carrier of energy. As a result of metabolic disorders, the worms die. Mebendazole is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating mothers.

0,3 - 0,6 g (1 - 2 amaphilisi ka-0,1 g kathathu ngosuku) izinsuku eziyi-10 - 14.

(Incwadi ethi “Vidal”, 2010)

I-Albendazole

It works almost the same as mebendazole. Most active against larval forms of worms. Produced in the form of tablets of 0,2 grams. Contraindicated in pregnancy, diseases of the retina.

Thatha ngesilinganiso sika-10 mg ngekhilogremu yesisindo somzimba wesiguli izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-14.

(Incwadi ethi “Vidal”, 2010)

I-Vermox

Into esebenzayo; mebendazole. Ukusebenza kahle kungu-90%

Abantu abadala bathatha phakathi nezinsuku ezintathu zokuqala - 100 mg izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku. Izinsuku eziyi-10 ezilandelayo - 500 mg izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7: 25 mg wesidakamizwa izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku.

Izingane ezineminyaka engu-7-9 ubudala: 3 mg izikhathi ezingama-50 ngosuku.

Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 ubudala thatha 100 mg izikhathi 2-3 ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu zokuqala, bese 10 mg 500 izikhathi ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu.

Thatha ngemva kokudla.

(“Incwadi eyinkomba ephelele yochwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo”, ehlelwe ngu-DMN, uprofesa, ilungu elihambisanayo le-RAE kanye ne-REA Eliseeva Yu.Yu., “Eksmo”, 2007)

Thiabendazole

Ukusebenza kahle kungu-90%.

Umthamo wezingane kanye nabantu abadala ngu-25 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba (umthamo (mg) = isisindo somzimba (kg) * 25). Hlukanisa ngemithamo emi-2 njalo emahoreni ayi-12. Inkambo yokwamukelwa iqhutshwa izinsuku ezingu-3-5, emva kwalokho, ngokusho kwezinkomba, iphindaphindiwe ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7 (njengoba kunqunywe udokotela).

Thatha ihora elilodwa ngemva kokudla.

(“Incwadi eyinkomba ephelele yochwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo”, ehlelwe ngu-DMN, uprofesa, ilungu elihambisanayo le-RAE kanye ne-REA Eliseeva Yu.Yu., “Eksmo”, 2007)

Ukwelashwa kwezimpawu ze-trichinosis

Izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala (i-Voltaren, i-Diclofenac, i-Diclogen, i-Ortofen)

Basiza ukubhekana nokuvuvukala, okwabangelwa ukungezwani komzimba wesiguli.

Ngencwadi kadokotela.

Izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic (Paracetamol, Aspirin, Acetylsalicylic acid, Nurofen, Ibuprofen)

Kuboniswa ngokukhuphuka kokushisa komzimba ngaphezu kwama-38; C.

Ngencwadi kadokotela.

Amalungiselelo e-adrenal hormone - glucocorticoids

Ama-hormone acindezela amasosha omzimba kanye nokungezwani komzimba.

Amalungiselelo eHormonal zisetshenziswa kuphela ngokuqinile njengoba kunqunywe udokotela.

 

Amathuba amaningi okufa, ukuguquka njalo kwesifo kufomu elinzima, inani elikhulu lezinkinga ziyizizathu ezinhle zokwelapha i-trichinosis kuphela esimweni sasesibhedlela. Naphezu kwalokhu, kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-30% wamacala ayabulala.

Ezigulini ezithole ukulimala okukhulu kwemisipha, ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kuyadingeka, njengoba iziguli zingakwazi ukuhamba ngokuphelele futhi zilala embhedeni. Ukuze ubuyisele ukuhamba, iziguli zivuselelwa ngokusebenzisa i-massage kanye nezindlela ze-physiotherapy.

Ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kwe-trichinosis kubantu kuhambisana nokwelashwa kwamavithamini, izidakamizwa zokuvuselela ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukuvikela isibindi nobuchopho (uma lezi zitho zithinteka).

Ukuvimbela i-trichinellosis

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela i-trichinosis:

  • Inyama (ikakhulukazi ingulube) kufanele iphekwe ekushiseni okuphezulu - okungenani ku-74 ° C ngaphakathi kwesiqephu senyama okungenani imizuzwana engu-15. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izibungu ze-Trichinella zizofa ngempela uma zingakambozwa nge-capsule ebaliwe. Uma kungenjalo, izibungu ngeke zihlupheke ngisho nokushisa okunjalo. Izibungu zinesikhathi sokumbozwa nge-capsule ngesikhathi eside sesifo esilwaneni - umthwali we-Trichinella.

  • Indlela esebenzayo yokubulala i-Trichinella iqhwa izinsuku ezingu-20 ku- -15°C, noma ubambe izinsuku ezintathu ku -20°C.

  • Lapho zizalela izingulube, akufanele zivunyelwe ukuba ziklabe ngokukhululekile ukuvimbela izilwane ukuba zingadli inyama efile. Kudingekile ukubhubhisa amagundane njalo endaweni yokuhlala kwezilwane nasegcekeni lepulazi.

  • Okuyingozi kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yezilwane zasendle ezine-trichinosis. Izinhlobo ze-nematodes ezihlala i-parasitize emisipha yamabhere, amabheji nezimvu zamanzi zihluke ngokuphawulekayo kuzingulube ze-Trichinella. Azifi ngisho namakhaza isikhathi eside. Ukwelashwa okushisayo kwesikhathi eside kwenyama enjalo kuyadingeka. Inyama yezinyoni zasendle nayo ingaba yingozi kulokhu.

Izinyathelo eziningi zokuvimbela ukuqubuka kwe-trichinosis

I-Rospotrebnadzor yenza ukuqapha okuhlelekile kwemibandela yokugcinwa kwezilwane ezihloselwe ukuzalela inyama. Ukuthengiswa kwenyama akwenziwa ngaphandle kokuyihlolela i-trichinosis. Ukulawula okunjalo kwenziwa emakethe nasezitolo ezikhethekile. Ukuphepha kwenyama ethengiswa ezindaweni zokuhwebelana ngokuzenzekelayo akuqinisekisiwe.

Indlela yokuhlola inyama ye-trichinosis?

Izibungu ze-Trichinella zitholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane eziningi. Inyama esetshenziselwa ukudliwa ngabantu kumele ilawule ubhubhane. Izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu zenyama yengulube, inyama yebhere, inyama yengulube yasendle.

Ukubonakala kwenyama enegciwane empeleni akufani nenyama yesidumbu esinempilo. Ukuhlushwa kwe-Trichinella esicutshini esithintekile kufinyelela izingcezu ezingama-200 ngegremu ngayinye. Ukuhlolwa kwenyama kwenziwa elabhorethri kusetshenziswa isibonakhulu. Ngemva kokuhlaziya, isitembu esikhethekile sibekwe phezu kwesidumbu.

Ngingayihlolela kuphi i-trichinosis?

Esiteshini senhlanzeko kanye ne-epidemiological noma elabhorethri yezilwane emakethe yokudla, amasampula athathwa esidumbu sesilwane. Amasampula angekho ngaphezu kwe-5 g athathwa ezindaweni zokwanda kwegazi: imisipha ye-masticatory, ulimi, imisipha ye-intercostal, i-diaphragm.

Akukho ukulawulwa kwelabhorethri yezilwane ezimakethe ezizenzakalelayo, ngesikhathi sokuhlatshwa kwemfuyo, lapho udla izindebe zokuzingela. Ngeshwa, i-trichinella ingatholakala ku-30% wenyama ethathwa njengefanele ukudla. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka - ukupheka ngokucophelela inyama. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma udla inyamazane ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu i-trichinosis.

Indlela yokupheka inyama ukuze ungabandakanyi ukutheleleka nge-trichinosis?

Isibungu se-Trichinella ebukhulu bezicubu zemisipha singavikeleka ngokuthembekile emonakalweni yi-capsule. Lokhu akukwenzi kube yingozi kangako, futhi kwandisa ukuvikeleka kwe-parasite emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu kuyo. Abazingeli abanezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nezakhamuzi ezitshala futhi zihlabe ingulube egcekeni lazo, aziyivivinyi njalo i-trichinosis. Ukupheka kahle inyama kungavimbela lesi sifo.

Into esemqoka ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa lika-80 ° C imizuzu engu-15 kulo lonke ukuqina kwesiqephu.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokupheka inyama:

  • Ukubilisa inyama amahora angu-2,5, usike izingcezu ezingaphezu kuka-8 cm ubukhulu;

  • Ukuthosa nokupheka inyama amahora angu-1,5 (izingcezu akufanele zibe mkhulu kuno-2,5 cm);

  • I-Salo ivunyelwe ukusebenzisa kuphela ifomu elincibilikile.

Imikhiqizo yenyama eyingozi:

  • Amasoseji enziwe ekhaya naluhlaza;

  • Inyama eqandisiwe ekushiseni okunganele;

  • Izitsha zenyama egayiwe;

  • Isinqumelo nenyama eluhlaza;

  • Ama-Beefsteaks anegazi;

  • I-ham ebhakiwe;

  • Inyama ebhemayo neyomisiwe.

shiya impendulo