Okuqukethwe
Ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi walo, Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony lenza yonke imizamo yokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe kwezokwelapha okuthembekile okusekelwa ulwazi lwakamuva lwesayensi. Ifulegi elengeziwe elithi "Okuqukethwe Okuhloliwe" libonisa ukuthi i-athikili ibuyekezwe noma yabhalwa udokotela ngokuqondile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili: intatheli yezokwelapha kanye nodokotela basivumela ukuthi sinikeze okuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuhambisana nolwazi lwamanje lwezokwelapha.
Ukuzibophezela kwethu kule ndawo kuye kwathakaselwa, phakathi kokunye, yiNhlangano Yezintatheli Zezempilo, eyaklomelisa Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony ngesihloko sokuhlonipha esithi Umfundisi Omkhulu.
I-Syncope ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuzwa, nekhono lesikhashana lokunyakaza ngenxa yokunganeli komoyampilo wobuchopho okuhambisana ne-ischemia. Ubuhlungu, ukukhathazeka, noma ukubona igazi nakho kungaba esinye isizathu sokuquleka. Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nobuso obuphaphathekile kanye ne-cyanosis yezindebe.
Kuyini ukuquleka?
I-syncope yisimo esibonakala ngokulahlekelwa ukwazi isikhashana ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo okulethwa ebuchosheni. Ukuquleka ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuya emizuzwini embalwa, abanye bachaza umuzwa “njengobumnyama phambi kwamehlo”. Ukuquleka ngokuvamile kwandulelwa izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ubuso obuphaphathekile
- i-sinica warg,
- umjuluko obandayo esiphongweni nasemathempelini.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuquleka akufanele kube ukukhathazeka, ikakhulukazi uma zingekho ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ngemuva kwakho. Inkomba yokuvakashela udokotela ukuquleka okwenzeke ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga. Kubantu abanjalo, izimbangela zenhliziyo ezandisa ingozi yokufa kufanele zikhishwe. Ingozi yokuquleka ikhula kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70.
Izimbangela zokuquleka
Kungase kube nezikhathi lapho ukuquleka kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Nokho, kungabangelwa izici eziningi, kuhlanganise:
- imizwa enamandla,
- ukwesaba,
- umfutho wegazi ophansi,
- ubuhlungu obukhulu,
- ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni,
- ushukela wegazi ophansi
- ukuhlala isikhathi eside endaweni yokuma,
- vuka ngokushesha,
- ukwenza umsebenzi womzimba ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu,
- ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile,
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa,
- ukuzikhandla ngokweqile lapho udlula indle,
- ukukhwehlela okuqinile,
- ukuhlukunyezwa
- ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokungajulile.
Ngaphezu kwezimbangela ezishiwo ngenhla, imithi oyiphuzayo ingase ikhulise ingozi yokuquleka. Amalungiselelo asetshenziswa ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nama-antidepressants nama-antiallergic abaluleke kakhulu. Eqenjini leziguli ezisengcupheni yokuquleka ikakhulukazi, kuneziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, i-arrhythmia, kanye nezinkinga zokukhathazeka nokuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo.
Izinhlobo ze-syncope
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-syncope:
- i-orthostatic syncope: lezi iziqephu eziphindaphindiwe lapho umfutho wegazi wehla lapho umile. Lolu hlobo lwe-syncope lungabangelwa izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi;
- I-Reflex syncope: Kulokhu, inhliziyo ayinikezi ubuchopho ngegazi elanele isikhathi esifushane. Isizathu sokubunjwa ukudluliswa kwe-impulse okungalungile nge-arc reflex, okuyiyona ingxenye yesimiso sezinzwa. Ngemva kokuquleka okunjalo, umuntu uyakwazi ukusebenza ngendlela evamile, uyazi ukuthi kwenzekeni futhi aphendule ngokunengqondo imibuzo ebuziwe;
- ukuquleka okuhambisana nezifo zemithambo ye-cerebral,
- ukuquleka ngenxa ye-arrhythmias yenhliziyo.
Okuvame kakhulu i-reflex syncope, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-neurogenic syncope. Lolu hlobo lwe-syncope lusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwe-reflex okubangela i-vasodilation noma i-bradycardia. Zivame kakhulu kubantu abasha abangahlotshaniswa nesifo senhliziyo esiphilayo. I-reflex syncope ingase yenzeke nakubantu asebekhulile noma abantu abanezifo zenhliziyo eziphilayo, isb. i-aortic stenosis noma ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Izimpawu zalolu hlobo lokuquleka zihlanganisa:
- azikho izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo esiphilayo;
- ukuquleka ngenxa yesisusa esingalindelekile ngenxa yokuma isikhathi eside,
- ukuquleka lapho uhlala endlini eshisayo egcwele abantu,
- ukuquleka lapho uphendula ikhanda lakho noma ngenxa yokucindezela endaweni ye-carotid sinus,
- ukuquleka okwenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokudla.
Lolu hlobo lwe-syncope lutholwa ngokusekelwe emlandweni wezokwelapha onemininingwane nesiguli, lapho izimo ze-syncope zinqunywa. Uma ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nomphumela we-ECG kujwayelekile, akukho okunye ukuhlola okudingekayo.
I-syncope - ukuxilongwa
Ukuquleka ngesikhathi esisodwa esigulini esisesimweni esihle jikelele akudingi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Isibonakaliso sokuvakashela udokotela yizimo lapho isiguli singakaze sibe neziqephu ezinjalo ngaphambili, kodwa siba buthaka izikhathi eziningana. Khona-ke kuyodingeka ukunquma imbangela yalesi sifo. Udokotela kufanele aziswe ngezimo lapho ukuquleka kwenzeke khona (okwenziwe, sasinjani isimo sesiguli). Ukwengeza, ulwazi mayelana nezifo ezidlule kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo, kokubili incwadi kadokotela kanye ne-counter-the-counter, ibalulekile. Udokotela uzo-oda ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuye ngomphumela wokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha (isib. ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-anemia). Ukuhlolwa kwesifo senhliziyo nakho kuvame ukwenziwa, isibonelo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EKG - ukuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo,
- i-echo yenhliziyo - ekhombisa isithombe esinyakazayo senhliziyo,
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG - ukukala umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho,
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Holter – ukuqapha isigqi senhliziyo kusetshenziswa idivayisi ephathekayo esebenza amahora angu-24 ngosuku.
Indlela yesimanje esetshenziswa ukulawula umsebenzi wenhliziyo yile Irekhoda ye-ILR arrhythmiaefakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba esifubeni. Incane kunebhokisi likamentshisi futhi ayinazo izintambo zokuyixhuma enhliziyweni. Kufanele ugqoke irekhoda elinjalo kuze kube yilapho uqala ukuquleka. Irekhodi le-ECG lifundwa ngokulandelana kusetshenziswa ikhanda elikhethekile. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi yini eholele ekuqulekeni.
Yini enye udokotela okufanele aziswe ngayo phakathi nenhlolokhono?
- tshela udokotela wakho ngezimpawu ezandulela ukuquleka kanye nalezo ezivele ngemva kokuphaphama (isb. isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukukhathazeka okukhulu);
- yazisa ngesifo senhliziyo esikhona noma isifo sikaParkinson;
- yisho namacala okufa kwemindeni ngokuzumayo ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo;
- Tshela udokotela wakho uma kungokokuqala uquleka noma uke waba neziqephu ezifana nalezi esikhathini esidlule.
Usizo lokuqala uma kwenzeka uquleka
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kudingeka khona usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokuquleka?
- isiguli asiphefumuli,
- isiguli asikwazi ukuphaphama imizuzu embalwa,
- isiguli sikhulelwe,
- ogulayo walimala ngesikhathi ewa futhi wopha;
- isiguli sinesifo sikashukela,
Yiba nobuhlungu besifuba
- inhliziyo yesiguli ishaya ngokungajwayelekile,
- isiguli asikwazi ukuhambisa izitho,
- unenkinga yokukhuluma noma yokubona,
- kwavela ukudlikizela,
- isiguli asikwazi ukulawula umsebenzi wesinye kanye namathumbu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-syncope kuncike ekuxilongweni okwenziwa udokotela. Uma kungekho esinye isimo esibangela i-syncope, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingekile futhi ukubikezelwa kwesikhathi eside kuhle.
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Uma uquleka, beka ikhanda lakho emhlane wakho ubhekise ikhanda emuva, ubeke umcamelo noma ingubo egoqiwe ngaphansi komhlane wakho. Udinga ukumnikeza umoya ohlanzekile, izingxenye ezicindezelayo zezingubo zokuqaqa, njenge: ukhololo, uthayi, ibhande. Ungafafaza ubuso bakho ngamanzi abandayo, uwugcobe ngotshwala noma ufake iswabhu efakwe i-ammonia ephunga eliqulekile. Ukugijimela kwegazi ebuchosheni kwenza kube lula ukuphakamisa imilenze yomuntu oqulekile.
Uma uphelelwa amandla noma uphela amandla, ungaphuzi lutho ngoba ungase uminyaniswe. Ngemva kokuphaphama, isiguli kufanele sihlale silele isikhathi esithile. Kungemva kwesikhathi kuphela lapho enganikezwa khona ikhofi noma itiye.
KUBALULEKILE!
- isiguli esiqulekayo akufanele sinikezwe ukudla noma okuphuzwayo;
- isiguli akufanele sinikezwe imithi yaso siqu (kuhlanganise namaconsi ekhala);
- ungatheli amanzi abandayo kumuntu oqulekile, ngoba lokhu kungase kubangele ukushaqeka; kuyafaneleka ukusula ubuso nentamo ngethawula elicwiliswe emanzini abandayo.
Ukuquleka - ukuvimbela
Phakathi kwezindlela zokuvimbela i-syncope ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuzilawula kokuxineka kwemithambo yegazi, okulandelayo kushiwo:
- ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi,
- ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwama-electrolyte nosawoti ekudleni,
- ukuqaliswa kokuzivocavoca umzimba okumaphakathi (isb ukubhukuda),
- ukulala nekhanda ngaphezu komzimba,
- ukwenza ukuqeqeshwa kwe-orthostatic, okubandakanya ukuma ngokumelene nodonga (ukuzivocavoca okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku okungenani imizuzu engu-20).
Kubalulekile! Uma uzizwa ubuthakathaka futhi usuzoquleka, hlala noma ulale (imilenze yakho kufanele ibe phezulu kunekhanda lakho). Cela othile ukuthi ahlale nawe isikhashana.
Ukuquleka - funda kabanzi ngakho