Inani lokudla okunempilo kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
Umsoco | Inombolo | Umthetho ** | % kokujwayelekile ngo-100 g | % kokujwayelekile ku-100 kcal | 100% kokujwayelekile |
Ikhalori | I-364 kcal | I-1684 kcal | 21.6% | 5.9% | 463 g |
Amaprotheni | 36.7 g | 76 g | 48.3% | 13.3% | 207 g |
Amafutha | 17.8 g | 56 g | 31.8% | 8.7% | 315 g |
carbohydrate | 17.3 g | 219 g | 7.9% | 2.2% | 1266 g |
I-fibre yezokudla | 13.5 g | 20 g | 67.5% | 18.5% | 148 g |
Water | 12 g | 2273 g | 0.5% | 0.1% | 18942 g |
Ash | 5 g | ~ | |||
Vitamins | |||||
Uvithamini a, RAE | I-12 mcg | I-900 mcg | 1.3% | 0.4% | 7500 g |
i-beta Carotene | I-0.07 mg | I-5 mg | 1.4% | 0.4% | 7143 g |
Uvithamini B1, thiamine | I-0.94 mg | I-1.5 mg | 62.7% | 17.2% | 160 g |
Uvithamini B2, Riboflavin | I-0.22 mg | I-1.8 mg | 12.2% | 3.4% | 818 g |
Uvithamini B4, choline | I-270 mg | I-500 mg | 54% | 14.8% | 185 g |
Uvithamini B5, i-Pantothenic | I-1.75 mg | I-5 mg | 35% | 9.6% | 286 g |
Uvithamini B6, pyridoxine | I-0.85 mg | I-2 mg | 42.5% | 11.7% | 235 g |
Uvithamini B9, izihlobo | I-200 mcg | I-400 mcg | 50% | 13.7% | 200 g |
Uvithamini E, i-alpha tocopherol, TE | I-1.9 mg | I-15 mg | 12.7% | 3.5% | 789 g |
Uvithamini H, Biotin | I-60 mcg | I-50 mcg | 120% | 33% | 83 g |
Uvithamini PP, cha | I-9.7 mg | I-20 mg | 48.5% | 13.3% | 206 g |
niacin | I-2.2 mg | ~ | |||
AmaMacronutrients | |||||
I-Potassium, uK | I-1607 mg | I-2500 mg | 64.3% | 17.7% | 156 g |
ICalcium, Ca | I-348 mg | I-1000 mg | 34.8% | 9.6% | 287 g |
I-Silicon, Si | I-177 mg | I-30 mg | 590% | 162.1% | 17 g |
I-Magnesium, Mg | I-226 mg | I-400 mg | 56.5% | 15.5% | 177 g |
I-Sodium, Na | I-6 mg | I-1300 mg | 0.5% | 0.1% | 21667 g |
Isibabule, S | I-244 mg | I-1000 mg | 24.4% | 6.7% | 410 g |
IPhosphorus, uP | I-603 mg | I-800 mg | 75.4% | 20.7% | 133 g |
Iklorini, Cl | I-64 mg | I-2300 mg | 2.8% | 0.8% | 3594 g |
Minerals | |||||
I-Aluminium, Al | I-700 mcg | ~ | |||
IBoron, uB | I-750 mcg | ~ | |||
Insimbi, Fe | I-9.7 mg | I-18 mg | 53.9% | 14.8% | 186 g |
Iodine, mina | 8.2 ama-µg | I-150 mcg | 5.5% | 1.5% | 1829 g |
ICobalt, Co | 31.2 ama-µg | 10 ama-µg | 312% | 85.7% | 32 g |
I-Manganese, Mn | I-2.8 mg | I-2 mg | 140% | 38.5% | 71 g |
Ithusi, Cu | I-500 mcg | I-1000 mcg | 50% | 13.7% | 200 g |
I-Molybdenum, Mo | 99 ama-µg | I-70 mcg | 141.4% | 38.8% | 71 g |
UNickel, uNi | 304 ama-µg | ~ | |||
IStrontium, uSr | I-67 mcg | ~ | |||
I-fluorine, uF | I-120 mcg | I-4000 mg | 3% | 0.8% | 3333 g |
I-Chromium, Cr | 16 ama-µg | I-50 mcg | 32% | 8.8% | 313 g |
Zinc, Zn | I-2.01 mg | I-12 mg | 16.8% | 4.6% | 597 g |
Ama-carbohydrate agayekayo | |||||
Isitashi nama-dextrins | 11.6 g | ~ | |||
I-Mono ne-disaccharides (ushukela) | 5.7 g | ubuningi be-100 g | |||
I-glucose (dextrose) | 0.01 g | ~ | |||
Khipha | 5.1 g | ~ | |||
Fructose | 0.55 g | ~ | |||
Ama-amino acid abalulekile | 12.848 g | ~ | |||
I-Arginine * | 2.611 g | ~ | |||
Valine | 1.737 g | ~ | |||
Umlando * | 1.02 g | ~ | |||
Isoleucine | 1.643 g | ~ | |||
Leucine | 2.75 g | ~ | |||
lysine | 2.183 g | ~ | |||
methionine | 0.679 g | ~ | |||
I-Methionine + iCysteine | 1.07 g | ~ | |||
threonine | 1.506 g | ~ | |||
I-Tryptophan | 0.654 g | ~ | |||
phenylalanine | 1.696 g | ~ | |||
I-Phenylalanine + iTyrosine | 2.67 g | ~ | |||
I-Amino acid | 22.258 g | ~ | |||
Alanine | 1.826 g | ~ | |||
I-aspartic acid | 3.853 g | ~ | |||
Glycine | 1.574 g | ~ | |||
I-Glutamic acid | 6.318 g | ~ | |||
Amaprotheni | 1.754 g | ~ | |||
noSerine | 1.848 g | ~ | |||
Tyrosine | 1.017 g | ~ | |||
I-Cysteine | 0.434 g | ~ | |||
ISterol (ama-sterols) | |||||
i-beta Sitosterol | I-50 mg | ~ | |||
Ama-acids anelisiwe | |||||
I-Nasadenie fatty acids | 2.5 g | ubuningi be-18.7 g | |||
16: 0 I-Palmitic | 1.8 g | ~ | |||
18: 0 Stearic | 0.6 g | ~ | |||
Ama-acid e-monounsaturated | 3.5 g | iminithi engu-16.8 g | 20.8% | 5.7% | |
18: 1 I-Oleic (omega-9) | 3.5 g | ~ | |||
Amafutha e-Polyunsaturated acids | 10.6 g | kusuka ku-11.2-20.6 g | 94.6% | 26% | |
18: 2 Linoleic | 8.8 g | ~ | |||
18: 3 Linolenic | 1.8 g | ~ | |||
Ama-acids ama-Omega-3 | 1.56 g | kusuka ku-0.9 kuya ku-3.7 g | 100% | 27.5% | |
Ama-acids ama-Omega-6 | 8.77 g | kusuka ku-4.7 kuya ku-16.8 g | 100% | 27.5% |
Inani lamandla lingu-364 kcal.
- Vitamin B1 kuyingxenye yama-enzyme ayisihluthulelo we-carbohydrate namandla we-metabolism, enikeza umzimba amandla namakhemikhali epulasitiki kanye nokwakheka komzimba kwama-amino acid we-branched-chain. Ukuntuleka kwaleli vithamini kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zezinhlelo zezinzwa, zokugaya ukudla nezenhliziyo.
- Vitamin B2 Iyabandakanyeka ekuphendukeni kwe-redox, inegalelo ekuthambekeni kwemibala ye-analyzer ebonakalayo nokuguquguquka okumnyama. Ukudla okunganele kwe-vitamin B2 kuhambisana nokwephulwa kwesikhumba, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukukhanya okungahambi kahle nokubona kwelanga.
- choline iyingxenye ye-lecithin ebamba iqhaza ekwandeni nasekuguqulweni komzimba kwe-phospholipids esibindini, ingumthombo wamaqembu wamahhala we-methyl, isebenza njenge-lipotropic factor.
- Vitamin B5 ubandakanyeka kumaphrotheni, amafutha, i-carbohydrate metabolism, i-cholesterol metabolism, ukuhlanganiswa kwamahomoni amaningana, i-hemoglobin, futhi kukhuthaza ukumuncwa kwama-amino acid noshukela esiswini, kusekela umsebenzi we-adrenal cortex. Ukuntuleka kwe-Pantothenic acid kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.
- Vitamin B6 kuyabandakanyeka ekugcineni ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba, izinqubo zokuvimbela kanye nokuzijabulisa kuhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa, ekuguqulweni kwama-amino acid, i-tryptophan metabolism, lipids kanye ne-nucleic acid kunikela ekwakheni okujwayelekile kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ukugcinwa kwamazinga ajwayelekile homocysteine egazini. Ukudla okunganele kwe-vitamin B6 kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, kuphazamise impilo yesikhumba, ukukhula kokutholwa kanye ne-anemia.
- Vitamin B9 njenge-coenzyme ebandakanyeka ekuguqulweni komzimba kwama-nucleic nama-amino acid. Ukushoda kwe-folate kuholela ekuthini kungasebenzi kahle kwama-nucleic acid namaprotheni, okuholela ekuvinjelweni kokukhula nokwehlukaniswa kwamaseli, ikakhulukazi kwizicubu ezanda ngokushesha: umnkantsha, i-epithelium yamathumbu, njll. , ukungondleki, ukukhubazeka okuzelwe, nokuphazamiseka kokukhula kwengane. Kuboniswe iNhlangano eqinile phakathi kwamazinga e-folate, homocysteine kanye nengozi yesifo senhliziyo.
- Vitamin E inezakhiwo ze-antioxidant, ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezindlala zocansi, imisipha yenhliziyo, iyisiqinisi somhlaba wonke sezingqamuzana zeseli. Lapho kutholakala ukuntuleka kukavithamini E we-hemolysis yamaseli abomvu egazi, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
- Vitamin H. ubandakanyeka ekuhlanganisweni kwamafutha, i-glycogen, ne-amino acid metabolism. Ukudla okunganele kwaleli vithamini kungaholela ekuphazanyisweni kwesimo esijwayelekile sesikhumba.
- Uvithamini PP iyabandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kwe-redox namandla we-metabolism. Ukudla okwanele kwamavithamini okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwesimo esijwayelekile sesikhumba, umgudu wamathumbu nohlelo lwezinzwa.
- potassium i-ion eyinhloko ye-intracellular ebamba iqhaza ekulawulweni kwamanzi, i-electrolyte ne-acid balance, iyabandakanyeka ekwenzeni imizwa yezinzwa, ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yegazi.
- Calcium ingxenye eyinhloko yamathambo ethu, isebenza njengomlawuli wesistimu yezinzwa, ibandakanyeka ekunciphiseni kwemisipha. Ukushoda kwe-calcium kuholela ekwenziweni kwe-demineralization yomgogodla, okhalweni nasemaphethelweni aphansi, kwandisa ingozi ye-osteoporosis.
- Silicon ifakiwe njengengxenye yesakhiwo ekwakhiweni kwe-gag ne-collagen synthesis.
- magnesium Iyabandakanyeka ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kwezakhi zamandla kanye namaprotheni synthesis, ama-nucleic acid, inomphumela wokuzinzisa ulwelwesi, kubalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis ye-calcium, i-potassium ne-sodium. Ukushoda kwe-magnesium kuholela ku-hypomagnesemia, kwandise ingozi yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo senhliziyo.
- phosphorus iyabandakanyeka ezinqubweni eziningi zomzimba, kufaka phakathi amandla we-metabolism, ilawula ibhalansi ye-acid-alkaline, iyingxenye yama-phospholipids, ama-nucleotide kanye nama-acid e-nucleic adingekayo ukuze kube namathambo namazinyo. Ukushoda kuholela ku-anorexia, i-anemia, ama-rickets.
- Iron ifakiwe nemisebenzi ehlukene yamaprotheni, kufaka phakathi ama-enzyme. Ukubandakanyeka ekuthuthweni kwama-electron, i-oxygen, kuvumela ukugeleza kokuphendula kwe-redox nokusebenza kwe-peroxidation. Ukudla okunganele kuholela ekutheni i-hypochromic anemia, i-myoglobinaemia atonia yemisipha yamathambo, ukukhathala, i-cardiomyopathy, i-atrophic gastritis engapheli.
- Cobalt iyingxenye kavithamini B12. Yenza kusebenze ama-enzyme ku-metabolism of fatty acid kanye ne-metabolism ye-folic acid.
- I-Manganese ubandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwamathambo nezicubu ezixhuma, kuyingxenye yama-enzyme abandakanyeka ekuguqulweni komzimba kwama-amino acid, ama-carbohydrate, ama-catecholamine; kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-cholesterol nama-nucleotide. Ukusetshenziswa okunganele kuhambisana nokubambezeleka kokukhula, ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lokuzala, ukwanda kwethambo okukhulayo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate kanye ne-lipid metabolism.
- Copper iyingxenye yama-enzyme anomsebenzi we-redox futhi ibandakanyeka ekusetshenzisweni komzimba kwensimbi, ivuselela ukumuncwa kwamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate. Okubandakanyeka ezinqubweni zezicubu zomzimba womuntu ezine-oxygen. Ukushoda kubonakaliswa ngokwakheka okungahambi kahle kohlelo lwezinhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nokukhula kwamathambo kwezicubu ezixhumanayo ze-dysplasia.
- I-Molybdenum i-cofactor yama-enzyme amaningi, enikeza imetabolism yama-amino acid ane-sulfur, purines kanye ne-pyrimidines.
- Chromium iyabandakanyeka ekulawuleni amazinga eglucose egazi, ithuthukisa isenzo se-insulin. Ukushoda kuholela ekwehliseni ukubekezelelana kweglucose.
- Zinc ifakiwe kuma-enzyme angaphezu kwama-300 abandakanyeka ezinkambisweni zokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuwohloka kwama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-nucleic acid kanye nasekulawulweni kokuvezwa kwezakhi zofuzo eziningana. Ukudla okunganele kuholela ekushoneni kwegazi, ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba kwesibili, ukuqina kwesibindi, ukungasebenzi ngokocansi, ukuba khona kokungalungi kombungu. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ikhono lemithamo ephezulu ye-zinc yokwephula ukumuncwa kwethusi futhi ngaleyo ndlela libe negalelo ekuthuthukiseni i-anemia.
Uhlu oluphelele lwemikhiqizo ewusizo ongayibona kuhlelo lokusebenza.
Inani lamandla noma inani lekhalori inani lamandla akhishwa emzimbeni womuntu ekudleni ngesikhathi sokugaya. Inani lamandla omkhiqizo likalwa ngama-kilocalories (kcal) noma ama-kilojoules (kJ) ngamagremu ayi-100. umkhiqizo. I-Kilocalorie, esetshenziselwa ukukala inani lamandla okudla, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi “ikhalori yokudla”, ngakho-ke uma ucacisa inani lekhalori ku-(kilo) ikhalori isiqalo sekhilo ngokuvamile siyashiywa. Amathebula abanzi wamanani wamandla wemikhiqizo yaseRussia ongayibona.
Inani lokudla okunempilo - okuqukethwe kwama-carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni kumkhiqizo.
Inani lokudla okunempilo komkhiqizo wokudla - iqoqo lezakhiwo zomkhiqizo wokudla, ubukhona bawo ukwanelisa izidingo zomzimba womuntu ezintweni ezidingekayo namandla.
Amavithamini anjaloizinto eziphilayo ezidingekayo ngamanani amancane ekudleni kwama-vertebrate womuntu kanye neningi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamavithamini, njengomthetho, kwenziwa izitshalo, hhayi izilwane. Isidingo sansuku zonke samavithamini singama-milligram noma ama-micrograms ambalwa kuphela. Ngokuphambene namavithamini angaphiliyo abhujiswa ngesikhathi sokushisa. Amavithamini amaningi awazinzile futhi "alahlekile" ngesikhathi sokupheka noma sokucubungula ukudla.