Okuqukethwe
I-alkaline extracellular cation. Kanye ne-potassium (K) ne-chlorine (Cl), ingesinye sezakhi ezintathu zomzimba umuntu azidingayo ngobuningi. Okuqukethwe kwe-sodium emzimbeni kungu-70-110 g. Kulezi, i-1/3 isemathanjeni, 2/3 - kuzicubu zomswakama, imisipha nezinzwa.
Ukudla okunothile okunesodium
Kuboniswe ukutholakala okulinganiselwa ku-100 g womkhiqizo
Isidingo sansuku zonke se-sodium
Imfuneko yansuku zonke ye-sodium ingu-4-6 g, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1 g. Ngendlela, i-sodium eningi iqukethwe ku-10-15 g kasawoti wetafula.
Isidingo sokwanda kwesodium nge:
- ukujuluka okukhulu (cishe amahlandla ama-2), ngokwesibonelo, ngokuzikhandla okukhulu ekushiseni;
- ukuthatha isisu;
- ukuhlanza okukhulu nokuhuda;
- ukusha okukhulu;
- ukungabi namandla kwe-adrenal cortex (isifo sika-Addison).
Ukugaya ukudla
Emzimbeni ophilile, i-sodium ikhishwa emchameni cishe inani elifanayo nokudla.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-sodium nomphumela wayo emzimbeni
I-Sodium, kanye ne-chlorine (Cl) ne-potassium (K), ibamba iqhaza ekulawulweni kwesimo samanzi usawoti wamanzi, igcina ibhalansi ejwayelekile yezicubu kanye noketshezi olungaphandle kwamangqamuzana emzimbeni womuntu nowesilwane, okuyizinga elihlala njalo lengcindezi ye-osmotic, ibamba iqhaza ukungathathi hlangothi kwama-acids, ukwethula umphumela we-alkalizing ku-acidic alkaline equilibrium kanye ne-potassium (K), i-calcium (Ca) ne-magnesium (Mg).
I-Sodium ibandakanyekile ekulawulweni kwengcindezi yegazi kanye nemishini yokuqunjelwa kwemisipha, ukugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile, nokunikeza izicubu ukukhuthazela. Kubaluleke kakhulu kumasistimu wokugaya ukudla nawokukhishwa komzimba, okusiza ukulawula ukuthuthwa kwezinto ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweseli ngalinye.
Ezinqubeni eziningi zomzimba, isodiyamu isebenza njengephikisi le-potassium (K), ngakho-ke, ukuze kugcinwe impilo enhle, kuyadingeka ukuthi isilinganiso se-sodium ne-potassium ekudleni kube ngu-1: 2. I-sodium eyeqile emzimbeni, okuyi kuyingozi empilweni, kungancishiswa ngokwethula inani elengeziwe le-potassium.
Ukusebenzisana nezinye izinto ezibalulekile
Ukudla ngokweqile kwe-sodium kuholela ekukhuphukeni kwe-potassium (K), i-magnesium (Mg) ne-calcium (Ca) emzimbeni.
Ukuntuleka nokuningi kwe-sodium
Ngabe i-sodium eyeqile iholelani?
Ama-sodium ion abopha amanzi nokudla ngokweqile kwe-sodium ekudleni kuholela ekuqongeleleni koketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, umfutho wegazi uyakhuphuka, okuyingozi engaba nesifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.
Ngokushoda kwe-potassium (K), isodiyam ephuma kuluketshezi olungaphandle kwamangqamuzana ingena ngokukhululekile kumaseli, ingenisa inani eleqile lamanzi, lapho amaseli avuvukala aze aqhume khona, akhe izibazi. Uketshezi luqoqa izicubu zemisipha nezokuxhuma, bese kuba nokudonsa.
Ukweqa usawoti okweqile ekudleni ekugcineni kuholela ku-edema, umfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sezinso.
Kungani kune-sodium eyeqile (Hypernatremia)
Ngokungeziwe ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kukasawoti wethebula, ukhukhamba noma ukudla okusetshenzwe ngezimboni, i-sodium eyeqile ingatholwa ngesifo sezinso, ukwelashwa ngama-corticosteroids, isibonelo, i-cortisone, kanye nengcindezi.
Ezimweni ezicindezelayo, izindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-hormone aldosterone, elinikela ekugcineni i-sodium emzimbeni.
Izici ezithinta okuqukethwe kwe-sodium ekudleni
Okuqukethwe kwe-sodium kokudla nezitsha kunqunywa inani le-sodium chloride engezwe ngesikhathi sokupheka.
Kungani kushoda i-sodium
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukushoda kwe-sodium kuyivelakancane ngokweqile, kepha ezimweni zokujuluka okwandayo, ngokwesibonelo, uma kushisa, inani le-sodium elahlekile ngomjuluko lingafinyelela ezingeni elisongela impilo, okungaholela ekuphelelweni amandla, futhi kubangele ingozi enkulu empilweni 1.
Futhi, ukusetshenziswa kokudla okungenasawoti, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo nokopha kungaholela ekushodeni kwe-sodium emzimbeni.