AmaSardines

Umlando

Igama lale nhlanzi livela esiqhingini saseSardinia, lapho abantu bayibamba khona ngobuningi. Kukhona elinye igama lesiLatini lale nhlanzi - i-pilchardus, ebhekisa kuma-sardine, kepha ngosayizi abakhulu ngawodwana. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kwesinye isikhathi ukufaka amathini ngaphansi kwaleli gama.

Incazelo

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-herring, usayizi wesardard mncane: inhlanzi ifinyelela ku-20-25 cm ubude futhi inomzimba ojiyile onesisu esiliva. Inhloko inkulu, ivulekile, inomlomo omkhulu nemihlathi elingana nayo. Le nhlanzi inezikali ezinhle eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani, e-iridescent enayo yonke imibala yothingo. Kwezinye izinhlobo, imichilo emnyama yomsakazo ehlukanisiwe isuka emaphethelweni angezansi wezinsizi.

Isardard inesiphetho se-caudal esigcina esikalini samaphiko amade kanye nemisebe ye-anal fin. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, uchungechunge lwamachashaza amnyama agijima ogwini.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-sardine:

I-Pilchard sardine noma i-European, isardadi ejwayelekile (iSardina pilchardus)
Umzimba ohlangene uhlukanisa izinhlanzi ngesisu esiyindilinga kanye ne-keel yesisu esithuthuke kahle. Izikali ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ziyawa kalula. Ezinhlangothini zomzimba, ngemuva kwamagill sardine, kunemigqa eminingana yamabala amnyama. I-sardine yaseYurophu ivame kakhulu olwandle iMedithera, iBlack, i-Adriatic, namanzi asogwini lwasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Atlantic Ocean;

• Ama-Sardinops
  abantu abakhulu abafika ku-30 ​​cm ubude behlukile kwe-pilchard sardine esemlonyeni omkhulu nengxenye engenhla egqagqana phakathi kwamehlo. Ummango unama-vertebrae angama-47-53. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezi-5:
• Far Eastern (Sardinops melanostictus) or Iwashi
  Itholakala ngasogwini lwaseKuriles, eSakhalin, eKamchatka, naseJapan, eChina naseKorea. Iwashi noma iSardine yaseMpumalanga Ekude
• Isardadi yase-Australia (iSardinops neopilchardus)
  uhlala ngasogwini lwase-Australia naseNew Zealand.
• ENingizimu Afrika (iSardinops ocellatus)
  etholakala emanzini aseNingizimu Afrika.
• I-sardine yasePeruvia (iSardinops sagax)
  Ihlala ngasogwini lwasePeru. Isardadi yasePeruvia
• I-California (iSardinops caeruleus)
  kwasatshalaliswa emanzini oLwandlekazi iPacific kusuka eNyakatho yeCanada kuya eNingizimu yeNingizimu California.
• ISardinella
  lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-21 zezinhlanzi. I-Sardinella yehlukile ku-sardine yase-Europe ngokungabikho kwamabala emhlane we-gill futhi ebushelelezi. Inani lama-vertebrae lingu-44-49. Izindawo zokuhlala - ulwandle lwaseNdiya, olwePacific, amanzi asempumalanga ye-Atlantic, Black, Sea Sea, kanye namanzi asogwini lwaseNtshonalanga naseNyakatho Afrika

Ukwakheka kwesardard

• Okuqukethwe kwekhalori 166 kcal
• Amaprotheni 19 g
• Amafutha 10 g
• Amakhabhohayidrethi 0 g
• Ifayibha yokudla 0 g
• Amanzi 69 g

Izici ezizuzisayo

Umzimba umunca kalula inyama yesardard; icebile ngezinto ezahlukahlukene eziwusizo nezakhi zamaminerali. Ngakho-ke, le nhlanzi ingomunye wabaphathi berekhodi lokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus ne-cobalt; iqukethe i-magnesium, iodine, i-calcium, i-zinc ne-sodium eningi. Kuphezulu ku-omega-3 fatty acids. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inyama yesardard iqukethe amavithamini D, B6, B12, no-A kanye ne-coenzyme Q10 (enye yama-antioxidants asebenza kakhulu).

Izakhiwo eziwusizo zama-sardine:

• Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba;
• Ukuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi;
• Ukunciphisa amathuba wokwakheka kwe-thrombus kanye nokujwayelekile kokugeleza kwegazi;
• Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kobuchopho;
• Ukwenza ngcono umbono;
• Ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-psoriasis (ye-Iwashi);
• Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nesifo samathambo;
• Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa (ngenxa yokuqukethwe yi-niacin).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo kwale nhlanzi kunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, kanti amafutha alolu hlobo lwesardard anomphumela wokuvuselela nokulwa nokuvuvukala ezicutshini zomzimba.

Izimo

Awukwazi ukudla isardadi ngokungabekezelelani ngakunye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungasiza uma ungayisebenzisanga ngokuthola i-gout namathambo. Futhi abantu abane-hypertension kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi inyama yale nhlanzi inyusa umfutho wegazi.

Isardard ayifakiwe ekudleni, ngoba inama-calories amaningi (cishe ama-250 kcal / 100 g). Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele ithwalwe yizinkinga zesisindo. Futhi lapho kukhona izifo zamathumbu, kufanelekile ukukhawulela imenyu kuma-sardine, okuphekiwe ngaphandle kukawoyela, noma okuphekwe kusosi wetamatisi.

Izinzuzo Zasardini

Ama-sardine azuzisa kakhulu abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane ezisencane.
Le nhlanzi iqukethe inani elikhulu ngokwanele le-coenzyme. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa njalo kwama-sardine, ungaphuza ukuguga kwesikhumba. Ungagcwalisa isidingo sansuku zonke se-coenzyme ngengxenye eyodwa yezinhlanzi ezibilisiwe.

Izici ezizuzisayo zale nhlanzi zilusizo ekwelapheni ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arthrosis, i-asthma, kanye nomdlavuza. Uma udla ama-sardine nsuku zonke, ungabuyisa umbono futhi wehlise i-cholesterol egazini.

Ukulimaza nemiphumela emibi

Ama-sardine anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-purine, aguqula emzimbeni womuntu abe yi-uric acid. Iyasiza ekwakhiweni kwamatshe ezinso nasekuthuthukiseni i-gout. Kungaba nokungezwani komzimba nama-amine akhona kuma-sardine, njenge-tyramine, i-serotonin, i-dopamine, i-phenylethylamine, ne-histamine.

Izicelo zokupheka

Le nhlanzi iyasiza uma ibilisiwe ngoba, ngesikhathi sokupheka, zonke izakhamzimba eziqukethe zigcinwa ku-ammount ephelele (ikakhulukazi i-coenzyme Q10). Kodwa-ke, ukupheka isardadi akugcini ekubiliseni. Kuhle uma uthosiwe (kufaka phakathi okugayiwe noma okuthosiwe ngokujulile), ukubhema, isitshulu, ukubhaka, okufakwe emanzini anosawoti, nosawoti. Ama-cutlets amnandi kanye nomhluzi ocebile ongawenza ngenyama yale nhlanzi. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, abantu bavame ukukufaka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokudla okulula kanye namasaladi.

Izinhlobonhlobo zokudla okusemathinini (inhlanzi emafutheni, kujusi wabo, ku-tomato sauce, njll.) Kulungiswa kusuka kuma-sardine, adingeka njalo emhlabeni jikelele. Izinhlanzi ezisemathinini zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-sandwich namaswishi ahlukahlukene, izifundo eziyinhloko, kanye nezitsha eziseceleni.

E-Tunisia, isardard egxiliwe iyisithako esibalulekile ezitsheni eziningi zikazwelonke, kanti e-Apennine Peninsula, amapayipi ne-pasta kwenziwa ngawo. I-pizza enamasardini nayo iyimfashini e-Italy. Ngasikhathi sinye, eYurophu, bakhetha ukusebenzisa izinhlanzi ezisemathinini, ngenkathi emazweni ase-Afrika naseNdiya, bavame ukuthosa le nhlanzi.

Isardard ihamba kahle nazo zonke izinhlobo zemifino (kokubili okusha nokuphekiwe), irayisi, izinhlanzi zasolwandle, iminqumo nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinongo.

Amaqiniso Okuthakazelisayo

1. Igama lezinhlanzi lihlobene eduze nesiqhingi saseSardinia, esiseLwandle iMedithera. Isoseji noma isoseji elinye igama elidala lama-sardine, elisuselwa egameni lesi-Italian elithi Sardella.
   Igama elithi “sardine” abantu balisebenzisa ukubiza izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zezinhlanzi ezincane: abanye bayibiza ngokuthi hamsu, kanti abaseMelika bayibiza ngokuthi i-herring encane yasolwandle.
2. EFrance, indawo yokudoba ngesardard ilandela isiko lakudala: usawoti we-cod caviar usakazeke kude nogu lolwandle. Bafuna ukudla futhi babhajwe emanetheni abekwe ngabadobi.
   Ungathola isithombe se-sardine kumajazi amadolobha aseFrance: Le Havre, La Turbala, Moelan-Sur-Mer.
3. Njalo ngonyaka, abashayeli nabathwebuli babuthana endaweni yaseCape Agulhas, ugu oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika, ukujabulela nokuthwebula ezithombeni ukufuduka okuyingqayizivele kwezitoko zale nhlanzi ezihlangana emhlanjini owodwa ubude obungamakhilomitha ayi-8 ukuzala.

I-Spaghetti enama-sardine nopelepele

Izithako - ama-servings ama-4

• 400 g ye-spaghetti
• 1-2 upelepele
• Ama-sardine asekheniwe angama-200g
• Usawoti pepper
• Ama-breadcrumbs
• Ama-clove we-3 kagalikhi
• 2 isipuni l Amafutha omnqumo
• Ukuhlunga

Ukupheka kanjani

1. Sishisa amafutha omnqumo epanini lokuthosa, engeza ama-clove ayi-2 aqoshiwe.
2. Faka ama-breadcrumbs, gazinga kuze kube nsundu ngegolide.
3. Beka ama-crackers kuthawula lephepha ukumunca uwoyela oweqile.
4. Sika upelepele nosardadi.
5. Thela uwoyela wezinhlanzi epanini, engeza upelepele nogalikhi, gazinga kancane.
6. Faka ama-sardine aqoshiwe, gazinga, usawoti kanye nopelepele.
7. Faka i-spaghetti esiphekiwe, ufafaze amakhambi, hlanganisa.
8. Dlulisela epuletini, ufafaze izinkwa zesinkwa, futhi ujabulele!