Isikhunta se-Pathogenic siyimbangela yezifo eziningi emhlabeni wezitshalo. Ama-spores asakazeka kalula ngokutshala lapho umoya omncane uphefumula. Ochwepheshe bezolimo bayazazi izindlela zokulwa nokugqwala kukagalikhi, okuhloswe ngazo ukuqeda ukutheleleka kwefungal okuvamile.

Ukugqwala kugalikhi: indlela yokulwa, ukwelashwa

Ukugqwala ngokuvamile akuthinti kuphela zonke izinhlobo zikagalikhi, kodwa futhi nama-leeks, shallots, turnips

Kungani i-garlic igqwala?

I-garlic ingenye yezitshalo zemifino ezithandwayo ezitshalwa abalimi. Isivuno esihle singatholakala uma izimo ze-agrotechnical zokulima zibonwa futhi ukutshala kuphathwa ngendlela efika ngesikhathi ezinambuzaneni namagciwane. Ukugqwala okushaye ugalikhi kuyisifo esicashile esiholela isitshalo ekufeni.

Izinhlamvu zesikhunta esiyingozi azifi ngesikhathi sasebusika; ziqamekela kuze kusentwasahlobo ezinsalela zezitshalo ezindala. Ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele, ukutheleleka kuyasebenza. Izinto ezisiza ekuthelelekeni kokugqwala kokutshalwa kukagalikhi yizi:

  1. Umswakama ophezulu ohambisana nesimo sezulu esibandayo. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izinhlamvu ezithwalwa umoya namanzi emvula ziwela amahlumela amasha.
  2. Insimu ingcolile ekwindla. Izinsalela zezitshalo ziyisiphephelo sezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo ze-mycotic.
  3. Ukungalandelwa kokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo.

Abalimi bemifino abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi uma ubeka u-garlic nezinye izitshalo zomndeni we-bulbous unyaka nonyaka endaweni efanayo, khona-ke ukugqwala kuzovela nakanjani. Ngakho-ke isincomo: shintsha izindawo zokufikela njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Ukugqwala kugalikhi: indlela yokulwa, ukwelashwa

Umthombo wokugqwala u-anyanisi ongapheli, ngakho imibhede kagalikhi ibekwe kude nayo.

Izimpawu zokuqala kwalesi sifo

Ukugqwala kubangela umonakalo omkhulu esitshalweni. Lesi sifo siholela ekwephuleni ukumuncwa kwezakhi kanye namaminerali, ngenxa yalokho ugarlic eyeka ukukhula, izimfanelo zayo zokunambitheka zishintsha zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Isikhathi esingenazimpawu zokutheleleka kokugqwala sithatha amasonto ambalwa. Ekuqaleni, amachashazi amhlophe avela. Njengoba lesi sifo sikhula, amabala agqwalile eqabungeni likagalikhi yiwo aqala ukudonsa amehlo. Ukwakheka okusaqanda okuphuzi, okuyi-convex - ama-pustules aba nsundu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amabala akhula kancane kancane, ukwakheka kwamanye amazwe kubambezela inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Izinhlamvu ze-fungal zikhula kuma-pustules futhi zithuthele kwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo.

Nemiphumela

Lapho uhlakulela izinhlobo zemicibisholo kagalikhi, izimpawu zokutheleleka ziyabonakala esiqwini. Izimpaphe eziluhlaza ezilimele ziqala ukoma futhi zife, okwenza ikhanda lihluleke ukwakheka. Isistimu yezimpande iyabola. Izitshalo ezibuthakathaka zinikeza isivuno esimpofu, ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yeshalofu yama-bulb iyancipha kakhulu.

Ezigabeni zokugcina zenkathi yokukhula, amabala emicibisholo kuba mnyama. Izinhlamvu kuma-pustules zisakazeka kuyo yonke indawo ezungezile, zithelela ezinye izitshalo zemifino namajikijolo.

Kubalulekile! Ama-clove kagalikhi athintwe ukugqwala, naphezu kwezinqubo eziqhubekayo ze-pathological, ahlala edliwayo. Emakhanda aqoqwe ukuze agcinwe, ama-spores awathuthuki.

Okufanele ukwenze uma amaqabunga kagalikhi embozwe ukugqwala

Ukulawula ukugqwala okuphumelelayo kudinga ukutholwa kwalesi sifo kusenesikhathi ngokuhlola izikhathi ezitshaliwe. Izimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka zitholakala kalula emicibisholo, uma uzihlola ngokucophelela. Ukubonakala kwamachashazi aphuzi kubonisa isidingo sezinqubo zokwelapha.

Phawula! Ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle uma kusele amasonto angama-3-4 ngaphambi kokuvuna. Ingxenye yenyanga ngaphambi kokumba amakhanda kagalikhi, akunangqondo ukwenza imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa.

Amalungiselelo amakhemikhali okugqwala kugalikhi

Ukwelashwa kokutshala kuqala ngokususwa kwemicibisholo ethelelekile. Ngemuva kokuvuna, izimpaphe zikagalikhi, ezimbozwe amabala, kufanele zishiswe. Ngemva kokuqeda izingxenye ezigulayo, kuyadingeka ukwelapha izitshalo nge-fungicides, ingxenye esebenzayo yayo isibabule. Phakathi kwamalungiselelo asebenzayo ngokumelene nokugqwala emifino:

  • itopazi;
  • I-Strobe;
  • I-Quadris.

Indlela yokugcina kulezi ezishiwo inconywa ikakhulukazi ukuthi isetshenziswe ochwepheshe bezolimo. I-Quadris ikhombisa umphumela ozinzile ekwelapheni ukugqwala. Abalimi babheka ama-fungicides endabuko njengamalungiselelo asebenzayo asetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni ukutshala kukagalikhi:

  • I-Fitosporin-M;
  • OKsikhom;
  • ISITOLO.

Lawa makhambi asiza ukususa ukugqwala kuphela. Izidakamizwa zisiza ukwelapha esinye isifo esingeyona ingozi kancane ezitshalweni zasengadini - i-peronosporosis.

Isebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni ne-fungus biological compounds. Abalimi batusa:

  • I-Gamair;
  • U-Alirin-B.

Ama-biological agents abiza kakhulu kunama-fungicides ajwayelekile. Kodwa zinobungani bemvelo, azilimazi imvelo.

Ukuchithwa kwezidakamizwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo enamathiselwe. Ukwelashwa kokutshala kusuka ekugqwaleni kwenziwa ngosuku lapho isisombululo sokusebenza silungiswa. Uma kuthathwa izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi, ukwakheka kwezinhlamvu kuyayeka, kunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka kwezitshalo zikagalikhi. Ukucutshungulwa kwesibili kuhlelwa esikhathini esingangesonto.

Isexwayiso! Uma lesi sifo sithinte kakhulu imibhede ngegalikhi, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuphatha izitshalo ezitshaliwe ezitholakala endaweni eseduze. Inqubo ihloselwe ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kokutheleleka okuqhubekayo.
Ukugqwala kugalikhi: indlela yokulwa, ukwelashwa

I-Onion and Garlic Rescuer iqukethe, ngaphezu kwesibulala-sikhunta, i-insectoacaricide kanye nokulawula ukukhula.

Amakhambi abantu

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwamakhulu eminyaka okwenziwa ingadi kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezindlela zokupheka zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ekulweni nezifo zezitshalo ze-fungal. Amakhambi abantu adumile ekwelapheni ukutshala igalikhi yilezi:

  1. I-ammonia ihlanjululwe emanzini, ibalwa njengesipuni ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Isixazululo kufanele sithululwe ngaphansi kwempande ukuze singalimazi imifino. Enye indlela ukufutha kahle amaqabunga. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ammonia kuvumela, ngaphezu kokwelashwa, ukwenza umanyolo we-nitrogen.
  2. Insipho yethayela. Ukuze uthole isisombululo sokusebenza, iphakethe lensipho egayiwe lihlanjululwe ebhakedeni lamanzi, linyakaze kahle, futhi insimu iyaniselwa.
  3. Okukhukhumalisa amakhekhe. Into yasendlini ethandwayo ingelinye lamathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukususa ukugqwala kwezitshalo zemifino. Ukulungisa isisombululo, ingilazi yesoda ihlanjululwe ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ukunisela ugalikhi nakho kwenziwa ngaphansi kwempande.

Uma ukutheleleka kubangele umonakalo omkhulu ekutshalweni, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ingxube yeBordeaux. I-Copper sulphate inciphisa izinqubo ze-pathological ezicutshini zezitshalo futhi, ngokufanele, iqeda ukusabalala kwezinhlamvu ezitshalweni zikagalikhi neminye imibhede enemifino. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokugqwala nendlela yokubhekana nokutheleleka kuvezwa kuvidiyo:

I-SBK.”I-Garlic” I-rust ensundu kugalikhi, sizoyiphatha.

Iseluleko! Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid kanye nesitashi. Ingxube enamathelayo ayiconsi ezimpapheni zikagalikhi, ihlinzeka ngomphumela omude.

Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ugarliki ekugqwaleni

Isilinganiso esiyinhloko ekulweni nokugqwala kugalikhi ukuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buncoma:

  1. Ekwindla, yenza ukuhlanza kwekhwalithi engadini. Ukucekelwa phansi kwezinsalela zezitshalo ezibolayo kanye nokumbiwa okujulile kwemibhede kunomthelela ekuqedweni kwezinhlamvu zesikhunta.
  2. Inqubo yokutshala impahla. Ikhambi eliphumelela kakhulu ekulweni nesikhunta yimisebe yelanga, ngakho ama-clove kagalikhi abekwe phezu kwendwangu ehlanzekile noma ephepheni futhi agcinwe ngaphandle endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
  3. Fafaza izinto ezihloselwe ukutshala ngesisombululo se-furacilin. Ukulungiselela ikhambi, amaphilisi ayishumi omuthi achithwa emanzini axazululiwe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo se-formalin esingu-40% kunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu ekulungiseleleni i-inoculum. Ama-clove, ahlanzwa ngama-husks amaningi, aswakanyiswe ngomkhiqizo futhi abekwe imizuzu eyishumi esikhwameni sendwangu. Khona-ke konke kufakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki futhi kugcinwe amahora amabili. Ezimweni ezinzima zamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokufinyelela komoya, zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo ziyafa.

Ukuze ulwe nokugqwala, ukuqina kokufika akufanele kuvunyelwe. Ukwehliswa kokujikeleza komoya kuyisici esandulela ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta. Ibanga elifanele phakathi kwamazinyo lapho utshala ngu-6 cm.

Phawula! Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala ugalikhi emibhedeni lapho isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, pepper, beet, utamatisi noma basil kwakhula khona ngaphambili. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izindawo lapho iklabishi namazambane bekukhona.
Ukugqwala kugalikhi: indlela yokulwa, ukwelashwa

isimo sezulu esipholile, ungaphuzi ugarliki kusihlwa, udale indawo ekahle yesikhunta

Isiphetho

Izinyathelo zokulwa nokugqwala kugalikhi zingavimbela ukusabalala kwezifo futhi zilondoloze isivuno. Izindlela zokucubungula izitshalo ziyatholakala nakubalimi abasafufusa. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezihlelwe ngesikhathi ziyisimo esibalulekile sokuvikela izitshalo.

shiya impendulo