Abantu abaningi banentshisekelo ngekhwalithi nokuphepha kwamanzi okuphuza. Njengoba imifula namachibi kungcoliswa kalula imfucumfucu yezimboni nokugeleza okuvela ezindaweni zokulima, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba awumthombo oyinhloko wamanzi okuphuza asezingeni eliphezulu. Nokho, amanzi anjalo awaphephile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Imithombo eminingi, imithombo yamanzi okuphuza, nayo ingcolile. Namuhla, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kubhekwa njengenye yezingozi ezinkulu empilweni. Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu okukhona emanzini kuyimikhiqizo evela ohlelweni lokubulala amagciwane nge-chlorine. Le mikhiqizo yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye nowokhololo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abadla isamba esikhulu sale mikhiqizo basengozini enkulu yokuphuphunyelwa yizisu. Amanzi okuphuza angase abe nama-nitrate. Imithombo ye-nitrate emanzini angaphansi komhlaba (okuhlanganisa nemithombo yangasese) ngokuvamile imfucuza yezolimo, umanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nomquba ophuma ezindaweni zokudla. Emzimbeni womuntu, ama-nitrate angaguqulwa abe ama-nitrosamine, ama-carcinogens. Amanzi ahlangana namapayipi amadala kanye nesoda yomthofu emajoyintini amapayipi agcwala umthofu, ikakhulukazi uma efudumele, enziwe nge-oxidized noma athambekele. Izingane ezinomthofu ophakeme wegazi zingase zibe nezinkinga ezinjengokukhula kancane, ukukhubazeka ekufundeni, izinkinga zokuziphatha kanye ne-anemia. Ukuchayeka emthonjeni nakho kuholela engcupheni eyengeziwe yezifo zokuzala. Amanzi angcolile nawo agcwele izifo ezifana ne-cryptosporidiosis. Izimpawu zayo wukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, isifo sohudo kanye nesimo esifana nomkhuhlane. Lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi. I-Cryptosporidium parvum, i-protozoan ebangela ukusabalala kwe-cryptosporidiosis, ivame ukuba khona emachibini nasemifuleni engcoliswe indle noma imfucuza yezilwane. Lesi sidalwa sinokumelana okuphezulu ne-chlorine nezinye izibulala-magciwane. Kungabangela izifo ngisho noma ingena emzimbeni womuntu ngamanani angenakulinganiswa. Amanzi abilayo ayindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuqeda i-Cryptosporidium parvum. Amanzi kampompi angahlanzwa kuwo ngenxa yokuhlehlisa i-osmosis noma kusetshenziswa isihlungi esikhethekile. Ukukhathazeka ngezibulala-zinambuzane, umthofu, imikhiqizo ye-chlorination yamanzi, izincibilikisi zezimboni, ama-nitrate, ama-polychlorinated biphenyl nokunye ukungcola kwamanzi kuye kwaholela abathengi abaningi ukuba bathande amanzi asemabhodleleni, bekholelwa ukuthi anempilo, ahlanzekile futhi aphephile. Amanzi asemabhodleleni atholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Amanzi asentwasahlobo, athengiswa kakhulu ngamabhodlela, amanzi aphuma emithonjeni engaphansi komhlaba. Kukholakala ukuthi imithombo enjalo ayinakho ukungcola, nakuba lokhu kuyangabazeka. Omunye umthombo wamanzi okuphuza amanzi ompompi, futhi ngokuvamile akhishwa amagciwane noma ahlungwe ngaphambi kokuba afakwe ebhodleleni. Ngokuvamile, amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanjululwa noma angaphansi kwe-osmosis ephambene noma inqubo efanayo. Nokho isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthandwa kwamanzi asemabhodleleni ukunambitheka kwawo, hhayi ubumsulwa. Amanzi asemabhodleleni abulawa amagciwane nge-ozone, igesi engashiyi i-aftertaste, ngakho anambitha kangcono kunamanzi ane-chlorine. Kodwa ingabe amanzi asemabhodleleni angcono kunamanzi kampompi ngokuhlanzeka nokuphepha? Nakancane. Amanzi asemabhodleleni awahlangabezani nezindinganiso zezempilo eziphakeme kunamanzi ompompi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zamanzi asemabhodleleni ziqukethe amakhemikhali afanayo kanye nemikhiqizo efanayo namanzi kampompi, njengama-trihalomethanes, ama-nitrate, nama-ion ensimbi ayingozi. Cishe ingxenye yesine yawo wonke amanzi asemabhodleleni athengiswe amanzi kampompi ahlanzekile atholakala ezindaweni eziphakela umphakathi. Amabhodlela epulasitiki, lapho amanzi etholakala khona, engeza ukwakheka kwawo ngenqwaba yezinhlanganisela eziyingozi empilweni. Abantu abasebenzisa izihlungi kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi izihlungi zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi kufanele zishintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoba amanzi ahlanzekile abalulekile emzimbeni, izinga lamanzi asetshenzisiwe kufanele libe yinto eza kuqala ekuphileni okunempilo. Kufanele senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukuvikela imithombo yamanzi okuphuza ekungcoleni.