Okuqukethwe
Incazelo
I-Punch (kusuka ku-Hindi Punch - amahlanu) yiqembu lama-cocktails ashisayo, avuthayo, noma abandayo aqukethe izithelo neziphuzo ezintsha noma ezisemathinini. Phakathi kweziphuzo ezidakayo lapho kulungiselelwa i-punch kukhona i-rum, iwayini, i-Grappa, i-brandy, i-arrack, i-claret, i-alcohol, ne-vodka. Ngokwesiko, isiphuzo silungiswa ezitsheni ezinkulu futhi siphakelwe ezindaweni zokwamukela nasemicimbini. Amandla esiphuzo ahluka kusuka ku-15 kuye kwayi-20 kanye noshukela okuphakathi kuka-30 kuye ku-40%. Izindlela zokupheka zezibhakela ezidume kakhulu yi- "Caribbean rum," "Barbados," ne- "Plantation."
Isibhakela sokuqala saqala ukulungiselela eNdiya. Kwakunetiye, iramu, ujusi kalamula, ushukela namanzi. Bayipheka ishisa. Amatilosi enkampani yetiye yaseBrithani ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17 leminyaka ayasazisa lesi siphuzo. Balethe iresiphi yesibhakela eNgilandi, lapho yasakazeka khona kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kodwa-ke, bayipheka ngokususelwa ewayinini nasebrandy ngoba i-rum yayibiza kakhulu futhi iyisiphuzo esingajwayelekile. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, i-rum yaba sezingeni eliphansi, futhi isiphuzo sabuyela eresiphi yaso yendabuko.
Njengamanje, inani lokupheka laba likhulu. Kwezinye izindlela zokupheka, isibhakela sikashukela sithathelwa indawo uju, bese bengeza izinongo namakhambi ahlukene. Ngenxa yalokhu, igama elithi "isibhakela" lithole ifomu lasekhaya, elihlanganisa iziphuzo ezifanayo.
Ngokwenza isibhakela ekhaya, kufanele ukhumbule izimfihlo ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:
- ezingxenyeni zotshwala ungatheleli amanzi ashisayo kakhulu - lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ukunambitheka ngenxa ye-volatilization yamafutha abalulekile;
- ngaphambi kokufaka amanzi okuphuza, kufanele ahlanganiswe noshukela noma uju bese uvumela ukupholisa;
- ukushisa, kufanele usebenzise i-enamelware yewayini ukukhipha amathuba okusabela nge-oxidation ngensimbi;
- isiphuzo esiphelile udinga ukufudumala kuze kufike ku-70 ° C futhi usebenzise izibuko ezingamelana nokushisa;
- Izithelo nezinongo ekubhodleleni akumele ziwele engilazini.
Iresiphi yakudala ye-punch isiphuzo esuselwa kuramu (ibhodlela eli-1), iwayini elibomvu (amabhodlela ama-2), ulamula namawolintshi (ama-PC ama-2), ushukela (200 g), izinongo (isinamoni, ama-clove, njll.), Namanzi (1 l). Amanzi kufanele abilise, engeze ushukela, futhi aphole abe ngu-50 ° C. ucezu lwesithelo esisodwa futhi, kanye nezinongo, engeza kufudunyezwe cishe iwayini elibomvu elibilayo. Futhi, thela ijusi entsha yezithelo ezimbili ezisele. Iwayini namanzi kuthela esitsheni se-punch. Ukwakha indawo engenhla kwesitsha, ungafaka isihluzo esinamashubhu amaningana kashukela, uwafafaze ngeramu bese ufaka umlilo. Ushukela uzoncibilika bese uconsela phansi, ushise sonke isiphuzo. Thela ku-punch kuze kube yilapho umlilo usha.
Izibhakela azenziwa ukufaka ezinye izitsha, ngakho-ke zithathwa njengesiphuzo sephathi enokudla okulula. Thela ingxenye yesibhakela kwiladi elikhethekile elingu-200-300 ml.
Izinzuzo ze-punch
Inzuzo enkulu ye-punch yikhono layo lokufudumeza umzimba ngemuva kokuvezwa. Isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izimpawu zemikhuhlane, ikakhulukazi ebusika.
Izibhakela ezine-rum noma i-brandy ziqukethe i-ethyl alcohol, ama-tannins, nezinto ezisebenza ngokuphila. Lezi ziphuzo zinemiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant, zivusa isifiso sokudla, zivule imithambo yegazi, futhi zikhulule izinhlungu ezincane.
Izibhakela eziqukethe uju, ithoni futhi zengeza amandla, kepha uhlelo lwezinzwa olujabule kakhulu, lesi siphuzo sizokwehlisa umoya. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzoba nezici ezingeziwe zokulwa namagciwane nokulwa nokuvuvukala.
Amajusi, izithelo, namajikijolo, asetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa isibhakela, akwenze kube mnandi ngamavithamini, amaminerali kanye nezinto ezilandelwayo.
Ngokungeziwe kuzindlela zokupheka ezidakayo, ungapheka i-punch ebandayo engeyona utshwala ngokususelwa kujusi lwehalananda. Lokhu kudinga amanzi amaminerali akhazimulayo ukuthulula ku-carafe; lapho, engeza ijusi elisha lamapomegranati amabili avuthiwe. Iwolintshi lihlukana libe izingxenye ezimbili: eyodwa ukukhama ijusi bese uyithululela kwi-decanter, bese kuthi eyesibili isikwe ibe izingcezu bese iyithumela ku-decanter. Ungangeza ijusi le-2 kalamula noshukela (1-2 tbsp). Lesi sibhakela asiqabuli nje kuphela kodwa futhi siwusizo kakhulu.
Ukulimala kwesibhakela nokuphikisana
I-Punch, efaka phakathi uju nezinongo, kufanele iqaphele ukuyisebenzisa kubantu abajwayele ukungezwani nezinto ezithile.
Isiphuzo esidakayo siphikisana nabesifazane abakhulelwe, omama abahlengikazi, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18, nabantu abasebenza ngezimoto.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Isazi se-punch nakanjani sizothi isibhakela esifanele sinezithako ezi-5. Futhi uzobe eqinisile, yebo. Kepha kuphela ingxenye. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, isigaxa esixakile sikabrandy, amanzi ashisayo, ushukela, ujusi kalamula, nezinongo (ngokwenye inguqulo, esikhundleni sezinongo kwase kuthiwa yitiye lasekuqaleni) kwasindisa amatilosi aseBrithani ekuhlaselweni yisifo sezinhlungu nokudangala e-East India Company. Kwakunebranti encane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka bayifudumale futhi benze ama-cocktails angahlanyi futhi badakwe kancane (yize abanye amatilosi bethi baqhamuka nakho konke lokhu ukuzonciphisa ugologo). Iningi labantu kungenzeka ukuthi lifunde ku-Wikipedia ukuthi i-paantsch ngesi-Sanskrit isho ukuthi “abahlanu.”
Kungani i-brandy hhayi i-rum? I-rum ayizange ivele kuze kube sekhulwini le-18 - amatilosi ahluleka ukulinda iminyaka engama-200 ngayo.
Nomaphi lapho amatilosi aseBrithani afika khona, ayelungisa isibhakela kulokho okwakuseduze. Iresiphi edumile yesiphuzo esiqhingini saseBermuda iBarbados ibinezithako ezi-4: ingxenye eyodwa kalamula, izingxenye ezi-1 zikashukela, izingxenye ezintathu zeramu, izingxenye ezine zamanzi. Imayelana naye, kanjena: "Omunye woSour, Ababili Abamnandi, Abathathu Abanamandla, Abane Ababuthakathaka."
IFresco mayelana nesibhakela
Ukubhoboza akukashintshi kusukela e-East India Company. Insizakalo ye-etiquette: isitsha esikhulu se-punch, ezindlini ezihamba phambili - ezenziwe ngobumba noma isiliva, kwabathobekile - okungenani siyacwebezela, iladi elinesibambo esihle nenqwaba yezinkomishi zabo bonke ababambe iqhaza ephathini. Isitsha se-punch, ngasendleleni, mhlawumbe sasiyisipho somshado esithandwa kakhulu. Kunesincomo sokuthi ungazithengi inkomishi wena ezincwadini eziningi zabaninikhaya besikhathi esizayo bekhulu le-19 ngoba esinye sezihlobo sizokunika nakanjani. Ngcono uthenge i-rum ethe xaxa! Noma benesimo esintekenteke kangako, abantu akufanele bacabange ukuthi abantu basebenzise leso sitsha se-punch kuphela nge-punch. Ngokwesibonelo, amaProthestani abhapathiza izingane zawo. Kepha hhayi ku-cider, njengamakhulu ambalwa eminyaka edlule.
Umagazini owawudume kakhulu wamahlaya nokubhuqa eBrithani, owawukhona kusukela ngo-1841 kuya ku-2002, wawubizwa ngePunch. Bekukhona uCharles Dickens, okwathi, ngasendleleni, walungisa kahle isibhakela emicimbini yasekhaya.
Ngo-1930, abafana abathathu baseHawaii basebenza egalaji bezithelo ezintsha ze-ayisikhilimu yezithelo. Izithelo eziphumelele kakhulu ziqukethe izithelo eziyi-7 ngasikhathi sinye: ama-apula, uphayinaphu, izithelo zomvini, amawolintshi, amabhilikosi, upopo, namagwava (kahle, kungani kungenjalo?). Amazinyo amancane amnandi ayengathengi i-ayisikhilimu nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke akhombisa ubuhlakani futhi ahlanza isiphuzo ngamanzi. Abantu abadala abanakile kufanele benze okufanayo, kodwa nge-vodka nogologo. Kodwa-ke, i-punch cocktail yaseHawaii akuyona i-punch yakudala, kepha, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, inguqulo yabantu abadala yokuxuba kwezingane.
Punch isitsha
Ama-90s amabi ayengekho kithi kuphela kepha futhi, ngokwesibonelo, eBubble Yum. Ngemuva kokuzama konke ukunambitheka namasu wokumaketha, uhlobo olwake lwaduma lwe-chewing gum belungakwazi ukuncintisana nezinto ezithandwa yimikhiqizo emisha. Bese-ke bekhipha i-punch chewing gum yaseHawaii bahlala lapho cishe eminye iminyaka eyishumi.
Wenziwa yonke indawo, ngisho nase-USSR. Kuphela kwakungeyona isibhakela impela. Ngokunembile, iziphuzo ezinoshukela nezimuncu noma iziphuzo ezimnandi ezinamandla we-17-19%. Kubandakanya i-ethyl alcohol, amanzi, ujusi wezithelo nezinongo. Abakhiqizi bancoma ukuyixuba ngetiye noma ngamanzi anekhabhoni, kepha-ke, cishe akekho noyedwa owenzile. Phakathi kokunambitheka kwakudumile, ngokwesibonelo, isibhakela se "Cherry", kanye ne "Honeysuckle," "Alice," "Iwayini" enembobo kanye ne-cognac, "Cognac" enogologo, kanye ne "Assort (vitaminized)" enezinqe ze-rose. Kwakukhona ngisho ne- "Kyiv" enekhasi likalamula kanye ne- "Polisky" enama-cranberries nama-currants amnyama.
Amazwe aseScandinavia nawo anesibhakela - abaseSweden, ngokwesibonelo, bakubiza ngokuthi yi-bål. Futhi kukhona nogologo bendawo, abathi abaseSweden ngasizathu simbe ababize ngezibhakela. Ubani owayazi ukuthi isibhakela sangempela sasifana ne-palenka kaGogol kunogologo waseSweden.
Owesifazane ulungiselela isibhakela
UJohn Steinbeck unesibhakela sezinyoka kuDiary yaseRussia, eyaziwa nangokuthi iViper punch - “ingxube eyimbangela yevodka nejusi lamagilebhisi - isikhumbuzo esihle sezikhathi zomthetho owomile.” I-punch wachae yaseKorea imvamisa yenziwa ngejusi le-persimmon, ujinja nesinamoni. AmaJalimane asebenzela uFauerzangenbowle ngoKhisimusi - isiphuzo sewayini elibomvu neRum (uthelwa ngeramu phezu kwekhanda likashukela bese ushiswa ngomlilo phezu kwengilazi yewayini).
EBrazil, i-punch ingxube yewayini elimhlophe nejusi yamapentshisi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokupheka eMexico: isibhakela sendabuko esenziwe nge-rum ne-agua loca (“amanzi ahlanyayo”), isiphuzo esidumile esithandwayo sabafundi esenziwe ngesiphuzo sezithelo ezithambile, ushukela kamoba, ne-mezcal noma i-tequila.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, e-United States, okuthandwa kakhulu yi-cider punch - i-cider eshisayo enezinongo noju. Izilingo zengeza ama-calvado noma i-apple liqueur esiphuzweni.
