I-Potassium (K)

Brincazelo yeef

I-Potassium (K) iyi-mineral edingekayo ne-electrolyte. Kubalulekile ukusebenza kwawo wonke amangqamuzana aphilayo, ngakho-ke, ikhona kuzo zonke izicubu zezitshalo nezilwane. Ukusebenza komzimba okujwayelekile kuncike ekulawulweni okulungile kwe-potassium concentration ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli. Le trace element idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwezimpawu zikagesi emzimbeni (ukugcina ubumbano lweselula, ukusayina ama-neuron, ukudlulisa imizwa yenhliziyo nokuncipha kwemisipha), ekuthuthweni kwezakhamzimba kanye nama-metabolites, nasekusebenziseni ama-enzyme.[1,2].

Umlando wokutholakala

Njengamaminerali, i-potassium yatholwa okokuqala ngo-1807 usokhemisi odumile waseBrithani uHumphrey Davy ngenkathi enza uhlobo olusha lwebhethri. Kwakungo-1957 kuphela lapho kwenziwa isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqondeni indima ye-potassium kumaseli wemvelaphi yezilwane. Isazi samakhemikhali saseDenmark uJens Skow, owathola iNobel Prize eKhemistry ngo-1997, wathola ngokushintshaniswa kwe-potassium, i-sodium ne-magnesium ions kumaseli e-crab, okwanikeza umfutho wokuqhubeka nokucwaninga ngamaminerali kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.[3].

Ukudla okunothile kwe-potassium

Kokubili imikhiqizo yezitshalo neyezilwane iyimithombo emihle kakhulu ye-potassium. Ukudla kwezitshalo okunothe nge-potassium kuhlanganisa ukwatapheya, isipinashi esingavuthiwe, ubhanana, i-oats, nofulawa we-rye. Imikhiqizo yezilwane inothile nge-potassium - i-halibut, i-tuna, i-mackerel ne-salmon. Amaminerali amancane akhona enyameni efana nengulube, yenkomo, nenkukhu. Ufulawa omhlophe, amaqanda, ushizi kanye nelayisi kuqukethe amanani amancane kakhulu e-potassium. Ubisi nejusi yewolintshi yimithombo emihle ye-potassium, njengoba sivame ukukudla ngobuningi.[1].

Ubukhona obulinganiselwa be-mg ku-100 g womkhiqizo buyakhonjiswa:

Isidingo sansuku zonke

Njengoba kunemininingwane enganele yokunquma isidingo esilinganisiwe esilinganisiwe ngakho-ke ukubala inani lokudla elinconyiwe le-potassium, kuye kwenziwa izinga lokudla elanele esikhundleni salokho. I-NAP ye-potassium isuselwa ekudleni okufanele kugcine amazinga aphansi egazi, kunciphise imiphumela emibi yokudla kwe-sodium chloride ekucindezelweni kwegazi, kunciphise ubungozi bamatshe ezinso aphindaphindiwe, futhi mhlawumbe kunciphise nokulahleka kwamathambo. Kubantu abaphilile, i-potassium eyeqile ngaphezu kwe-NAP ikhishwa emchameni.

Isilinganiso Esanele Sokufakwa Kwe-Potassium (kuya ngobudala nobulili):

Izidingo zansuku zonke ziyanda:

  • kwabase-Afrika baseMelika: Ngenxa yokuthi ama-Afrika aseMelika anokudla okungaphansi kwe-potassium futhi maningi amathuba okuthi ahlupheke ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme nokuzwela kasawoti, lokhu kuncipha kakhulu kudinga ukwanda kokudla kwe-potassium;
  • ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma labo abathatha izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala;
  • lapho udlala imidlalo: i-potassium ikhishwa ngokukhululekile emzimbeni ngomjuluko;
  • lapho uthatha isisu;
  • nge-low-carb kanye ne-high-protein diet: imvamisa ngokudla okunjalo, izithelo azidliwanga, eziqukethe ama-alkalis adingekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-potassium.

Izidingo zansuku zonke ziyancipha:

  • ezigulini ezinokuhluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona, isifo sezinso sokugcina, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
  • kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abane-preeclampsia, ngenxa yengozi yokuthola i-hyperkalemia ngokudla ngokweqile i-potassium emzimbeni[4].

Sincoma ukuthi uzijwayeze nge-assortment ye-Potassium (K) esitolo se-inthanethi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni semikhiqizo yemvelo. Kunemikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-30,000 ehambisana nemvelo, izintengo ezikhangayo nokukhushulwa okuvamile, okungaguquki Isaphulelo esingu-5% esinekhodi yephromo CGD4899, ukuthunyelwa kwamahhala emhlabeni wonke kuyatholakala.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-potassium nomphumela wayo emzimbeni

Izinzuzo zezempilo ze-potassium:

Usekela i-Brain Health

I-Potassium ibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yesistimu yezinzwa, equkethe ubuchopho, umgogodla nezinzwa. I-Potassium nayo ibamba iqhaza ebhalansini ye-osmotic phakathi kwamaseli noketshezi lwe-intercellular. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokushoda kwe-potassium, ukushintshaniswa koketshezi emzimbeni kuyaphazamiseka. Ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa, kuhlangene nokwanda komfutho wegazi noketshezi lwe-cerebral ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-potassium ephansi, kungaholela ekhanda elibuhlungu.

Kulesi sihloko:

Ukondleka okufanelekile kokushaywa unhlangothi

Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi

Ngenxa yendima ye-potassium ekulawuleni uhlelo lwezinzwa, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, ngisho nokulinganisela kwamanzi, ukudla okune-potassium eningi kusiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nzuzo ikhonjisiwe ukuthi inamandla lapho i-potassium ivela emithonjeni yokudla yemvelo kunokunezela.

Ukuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo

I-Potassium iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kahle kwemisipha. Imijikelezo yokuncipha nokuphumula kwemisipha, kufaka phakathi inhliziyo, incike ekuguqulweni komzimba kwe-potassium. Ukushoda kwamaminerali kungadlala indima ekwakheni ama-arrhythmias noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.

Umfutho wegazi ophansi

Kukhona indlela emzimbeni womuntu eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-sodium-potassium metabolism. Kubalulekile ekuguqulweni kwamaselula, ibhalansi yamanzi kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo efanele. Ukudla kwesimanje kaningi cishe akunayo i-potassium futhi kuqukethe inani eliphakeme le-sodium. Lokhu kungalingani kuholela ekunyukeni kwegazi.

Ukusekelwa kwempilo yamathambo

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-potassium, etholakala ngobuningi ezithelweni nasemifino, ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yamathambo. I-Potassium itholakale ukunciphisa ukuncipha kwamathambo, inqubo lapho amathambo ehla khona. Ngenxa yalokho, inani elanele le-potassium liholela ekwandeni kwamandla amathambo.

Ukuvimbela amajaqamba emisipha

Njengoba kuphawuliwe, i-potassium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemisipha nasekulawuleni uketshezi emzimbeni. Ngaphandle kwe-potassium eyanele, imisipha ingakwazi ukuqhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla ukudla okunothe nge-potassium njalo kungasiza ekuxhakeni kokuya esikhathini.

Ukudla izithelo, imifino, nemidumba ecebile nge-potassium akusizi nje kuphela ukuvimbela amajaqamba, futhi kunciphisa nobuthakathaka bemisipha nokukhathala. Lokhu kunikeza amandla amaningi okuhamba usuku lonke nokusisebenzisa kahle isikhathi sakho. Kubasubathi abanesimiso esiqinile sezemidlalo, ukuthola i-potassium eningi ekudleni ngangokunokwenzeka kuzosiza ukusebenza jikelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukudla okunothe nge-potassium kufanele kube khona kukho konke ukudla kanye nokudla okulula, kanye nokuzamazama okugxilile nokubuyisayo.

Kulesi sihloko:

Ukudla okunomsoco ngokumelene ne-cellulite

Siza empini yokulwa ne-cellulite

Sivame ukuhlobanisa ubukhona be-cellulite nokudla okunamafutha amaningi nokusebenza komzimba okuphansi. Kodwa-ke, esinye sezici eziyinhloko, ngaphandle kofuzo, futhi ukuqoqwa koketshezi emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokunyuka kukasawoti kanye nokudla okwanele kwe-potassium. Zama ukwengeza ukudla okunothe kakhulu nge-potassium ekudleni kwakho njalo futhi uzobona ukuthi i-cellulite incipha kanjani futhi impilo yakho iyonke ithuthuka.

Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthola i-potassium eyanele, phakathi kokunye, umphumela wayo emazingeni esisindo somzimba anempilo. Lo mphumela ubonakala ngoba i-potassium isiza ukwelapha imisipha ebuthakathaka futhi ekhathele, ithuthukise impilo yenhliziyo, isize uhlelo lwezinzwa, futhi igcine ukulinganisela koketshezi emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okunothe nge-potassium kuvame ukuba nomsoco futhi kunama-kilojoule amancane - akukho nje indawo yokudla "okungenamsoco" esiswini.

I-potassium metabolism

I-Potassium yi-cation eyinhloko ye-intracellular emzimbeni. Yize amaminerali atholakala kuzo zombili izikhukhula ze-intracellular kanye nezingaphandle kwamaseli, kugxilwe kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamaseli. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ekugxileni kwe-potassium engaphandle kwamangqamuzana kungathinta kakhulu isilinganiso se-extracellular potassium engaphakathi kwamangqamuzana. Lokhu-ke kuthinta nokudluliswa kwemizwa, ukusikwa kwemisipha nethoni yemithambo yegazi.

Ekudleni okungalungiswanga, i-potassium itholakala ikakhulu ngokuhlangana nezandulela ezifana ne-citrate futhi, ngezinga elincane, i-phosphate. Lapho i-potassium ifakwa ekudleni ngesikhathi sokulungiswa noma kumavithamini, isesimweni se-potassium chloride.

Umzimba onempilo umunca cishe amaphesenti angama-85 we-potassium yawo yokudla. Ukuhlungwa okuphezulu kwe-potassium engaphakathi kwamaseli kugcinwa yi-sodium-potassium-ATPase metabolism. Njengoba ivuselelwa yi-insulin, ushintsho ku-plasma insulin concentration lungathinta i-extracellular potassium concentration futhi ngenxa yalokho i-plasma potassium concentration.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-77-90 we-potassium akhishwa emchameni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi esimweni esizinzile ukuxhumana phakathi kokudla kwe-potassium yokudla kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-potassium ye-urinary kuphakeme impela. Okunye kukhishwa ikakhulukazi emathunjini, futhi okuncane kakhulu kukhishwa ngomjuluko.[4].

Ukusebenzisana nezinye izinto zokulandela umkhondo:

  • I-sodium chloride: i-potassium q ithambisa umphumela wokucindezela we-sodium chloride. I-potassium yokudla inyusa ukukhishwa kwe-sodium chloride emchameni.
  • I-sodium: i-potassium ne-sodium zihlobene kakhulu, futhi uma isilinganiso sezinto ezimbili singalungile, ubungozi bamatshe ezinso nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kunganda[4].
  • I-calcium: i-potassium ithuthukisa ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-calcium futhi iba nomthelela omuhle ekucineni kwamaminerali amathambo.
  • I-Magnesium: i-magnesium iyadingeka ukuthola i-potassium metabolism eyiyo kumaseli, futhi isilinganiso esifanele se-mania, i-calcium ne-potassium kunganciphisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi[5].

Ukuhlanganiswa kokudla okunempilo ne-potassium

I-yogurt + Ubhanana: Inhlanganisela yokudla okune-potassium enamaprotheni kusiza ekukhuleni kwezicubu zemisipha nokubuyiselwa kwama-amino acid alahlekile ngesikhathi somzimba. Lesi sidlo singadliwa kokubili ngesidlo sasekuseni nanjengesidlwana sangemuva kokuzivocavoca.[8].

Izaqathe + Tahini: Izaqathe zibhekwa ziphilile ngokweqile - ziqukethe ama-carbohydrate anempilo, i-fiber, amavithamini A, B, K ne-potassium. I-Tahini (i-sesame paste) iqukethe amavithamini namaminerali amaningi kanye namaprotheni. I-fiber ku-tahini isiza ekwehliseni ukungena kwekhalori kanye nempilo elwa nokuvuvukala kanye neyesisu.

Iminqumo + Utamatisi: Iminqumo isebenza njengomthombo omuhle kakhulu we-fiber, esekela ukusebenza komgudu wamathumbu futhi ivuse amathumbu. Utamatisi, nawo uqukethe i-antioxidant lycopene eyingqayizivele, kanye novithamini A, i-iron ne-potassium.[7].

Imithetho yokupheka yokudla nge potassium

Ngesikhathi sokucubungula ukudla kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-potassium, inani elikhulu layo liyalahleka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuncibilika okuphezulu kosawoti we-potassium emanzini. Isibonelo, isipinashi esibilisiwe, okukhishwe kuso uketshezi okweqile kusetshenziswa i-colander, siqukethe i-potassium engaphansi ngo-17% kunenguqulo yayo eluhlaza. Futhi umehluko enanini le-potassium phakathi kwe-kale eluhlaza nebilisiwe cishe i-50%[1].

Sebenzisa emithini esemthethweni

Njengoba ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lukhombisa, ukudla okuphezulu kwe-potassium kunomthelela wokuvikela ekulweni nezifo eziningi ezithinta uhlelo lwezinhliziyo, izinso namathambo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobufakazi obukhulayo bokuthi ukwandisa inani le-potassium ekudleni kunomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwemisipha, impilo yonke kanye nobuningi bokuwa.[10].

Kwamathambo

Ukuguquguquka okuhle ekukhuleni kwamaminerali wamathambo kwaphawulwa kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yangaphambi, yangemva kokuya esikhathini nokuya esikhathini, kanye nabesilisa abadala, abadla kusuka ku-3000 kuya ku-3400 mg we-potassium ngosuku.

Ukudla okunothe nge-potassium (izithelo nemifino) imvamisa kuqukethe nezandulela eziningi ze-bicarbonate. Lawa ma-acid buffering atholakala emzimbeni ukuzinzisa amazinga e-asidi. Ukudla kwaseNtshonalanga namuhla kuvame ukuba ne-asidi kakhulu (inhlanzi, inyama, noshizi) kanye ne-alkaline encane (izithelo nemifino). Ukusimamisa i-pH yomzimba, kukhishwa usawoti we-calcium one-alkaline emathanjeni ukunciphisa ama-acid asetshenzisiwe. Ukudla izithelo nemifino eningi nge potassium kwehlisa ingqikithi ye-asidi ekudleni futhi kungasiza ukugcina amazinga e-calcium enempilo.

Stroke

Odokotela bahlobanisa ukwehla kwesifo sohlangothi nokudla okuphezulu kwe-potassium, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwizifundo eziningana ezinkulu ze-epidemiological.

Kukonke, ubufakazi bukhombisa ukuthi ukukhuphula kancane ukudla kwakho okunothe nge-potassium kunganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-high blood pressure kanye / noma i-potassium ephansi kakhulu.

Okufakwa esikhundleni sikasawoti

Izithako eziningi zikasawoti ziqukethe i-potassium chloride esikhundleni senye noma yonke i-sodium chloride kasawoti. Okuqukethwe kwe-potassium kule mikhiqizo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu - kusuka ku-440 kuya ku-2800 mg we-potassium ngethisipuni. Abantu abanesifo sezinso noma abasebenzisa imithi ethile kufanele bahlole ochwepheshe babo bezempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha ezinye esikhundleni sikasawoti ngenxa yengozi ye-hyperkalemia ebangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-potassium kulokhu kudla.[9].

Amatshe ezinso

Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yamatshe ezinso phakathi kwabantu abanamazinga aphezulu e-urinary calcium. Kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nokuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ukukhishwa kwe-calcium urinary kungancishiswa ngokwanda kokudla kwe-calcium noma ngokungeza i-potassium bicarbonate[2].

I-Potassium ivame ukutholakala kwizithasiselo zokudla njenge potassium chloride, kepha ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ziyasetshenziswa - kufaka phakathi i-potassium citrate, i-phosphate, i-aspartate, i-bicarbonate, ne-gluconate. Ilebuli yokwengeza yokudla ivamise ukukhombisa inani le-potassium eyisiqalo kumkhiqizo, hhayi isisindo senhlanganisela equkethe i-potassium. Ezinye izithasiselo zokudla ziqukethe inani le-microgram ye-potassium iodide, kepha lesi sithako sisebenza njengefomu le-iodine yamaminerali, hhayi i-potassium.

Akuzona zonke izithasiselo ze-multivitamin / amaminerali eziqukethe i-potassium, kepha lezo ezivame ukufaka cishe i-80 mg ye-potassium. Kukhona nezithako ze-potassium-only ezitholakalayo, futhi iningi liqukethe kuze kufike ku-99 mg wamaminerali.

Abakhiqizi abaningi nabasabalalisi bezithako zokudla okunomsoco bakhawulela inani le-potassium emikhiqizweni yabo ukuze libe ngu-99 mg kuphela (okungaba ngu-3% kuphela we-RDA). Eminye imithi yomlomo equkethe i-potassium chloride kucatshangwa ukuthi ayiphephile ngoba ihlotshaniswa nokulimala emathunjini amancane.

I-Potassium ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

I-Potassium idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi yamanzi kanye nama-electrolyte kumaseli omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inesibopho sokuthumela imizwa yezinzwa, isize ukusikwa kwemisipha. Umthamo wegazi ukhuphuka uze ufike kuma-50% ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke umzimba udinga ama-electrolyte amaningi (i-sodium, i-potassium ne-chloride esebenzisana) ukugcina ukulingana kwamakhemikhali okulungile kuketshezi. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe enezinhlungu zemisipha yomlenze, esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-hypokalemia ingabonakala ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi owesifazane ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi ngesikhathi sokugula kwasekuseni ezinyangeni zokuqala. IHyperkalemia nayo iyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba ingaholela ezinkingeni zenhliziyo ezinkulu kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, akuvamile ukwenziwa futhi kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokwehluleka kwezinso, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala noma izidakamizwa, ukwehla emzimbeni ngokweqile, nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.[11,12].

Ukusebenza kumuthi wesintu

Kokupheka kwabantu, i-potassium idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo, umgudu wamathumbu, i-osteoporosis, uhlelo lwezinzwa nezinso.

Ikhambi elaziwa kakhulu lokulwa nezifo eziningi yisisombululo se-potassium permanganate (lokho okubizwa nge- “potassium permanganate”). Isibonelo, abelaphi bendabuko basikisela ukuyithatha njenge-dysentery - ngaphakathi nangesimo se-enema. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sixazululo kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokucophelela okukhulu, ngoba umthamo ongalungile noma isixazululo esingaxutshwe kahle kungaholela ekushisweni ngamakhemikhali okukhulu.[13].

Izindlela zokupheka zabantu zikhuluma ngokudla okucebile nge-potassium ngezinkinga zenhliziyo nokuphazamiseka kwamanzi. Omunye wale mikhiqizo, isibonelo, izinhlamvana ezihlumile. Ziqukethe usawoti we-potassium, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi eziwusizo zokulandela umkhondo[14].

Kwezempilo yezinso, umuthi wendabuko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, weluleka ukuthi kudliwe amagilebhisi acebile ngoshukela nopotiyamu. Futhi kuyikhambi elihle lezifo zenhliziyo, i-bronchi, isibindi, i-gout, ukukhathala kwemizwa kanye ne-anemia.[15].

I-Potassium ocwaningweni lwakamuva lwesayensi

  • Amakhambi, kufaka phakathi i-cilantro, anomlando omude wokusetshenziswa njengama-anticonvulsants emithini yendabuko. Kuze kube manje, izindlela eziningi eziyisisekelo zendlela amakhambi asebenza ngayo zihlala zingaziwa. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, ososayensi bathole isenzo esisha samangqamuzana esivumela i-cilantro ukuthi ibambezele ngempumelelo ukuquleka okuthile okufana nesifo sokuwa nezinye izifo. "Sithole ukuthi i-cilantro, esetshenziswa njengesidakamizwa esingajwayelekile se-anticonvulsant, isebenzisa isigaba semigudu ye-potassium ebuchosheni eyehlisa umsebenzi wokubamba," kusho uJeff Abbott, Ph.D., uprofesa we-physiology ne-biophysics e-University of California- Irvine School of Medicine. “Ngokuqondile, sithole ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa ye-cilantro, ebizwa nge-dodecanal, ibophezela engxenyeni ethile yeziteshi ze-potassium ukuyivula, kunciphisa ukujabula kwamaseli. Lokhu kutholakala okuthile kubalulekile ngoba kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kwe-cilantro njenge-anticonvulsant, noma ukuguqulwa kwe-dodecanal ukuthuthukisa imishanguzo ephephile nephumelelayo ye-anticonvulsant. "" Ngaphezu kwezinto zayo zokulwa ne-anticonvulsant, i-cilantro nayo inamandla okulwa nomdlavuza. imishanguzo yokulwa nokuvuvukala, yokubulala amagciwane, elwa namagciwane, ukuvikela inhliziyo, nezinhlungu, ”kusho ososayensi. [ishumi nesithupha].
  • Muva nje, kushicilelwe ucwaningo olusha ngezimbangela zokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo. Ososayensi bafinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi ukungadli ngokwanele imifino nezithelo kuholela ekufeni kwabantu abaningi minyaka yonke - sikhuluma ngezigidi zabantu. Kutholakale ukuthi ezimweni ezi-1 kwezingu-7, ukubulawa yizifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kungavinjelwa ukwethulwa ngesikhathi esifanele kwenani lezithelo ekudleni, naku-1 koku-12 - ngokudla imifino. Njengoba wazi, izithelo nemifino emisha iqukethe inqolobane yezinto eziwusizo - i-fiber, i-potassium, i-magnesium, ama-antioxidants, nama-phenols. Zonke lezi zinto zokulandelela amaminerali zisiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi ojwayelekile namazinga aphansi e-cholesterol. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zigcina ibhalansi yamagciwane asezingeni lokugaya ukudla. Abantu abadla inani elikhulu lemifino nezithelo ezintsha nabo mancane amathuba okuba abakhuluphele noma abakhuluphele ngokweqile, futhi i-potassium idlala enye yezindima ezibaluleke kakhulu kulokhu. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ukuze kugwenywe ubungozi besifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, inani elifanele lezithelo okufanele lidliwe ngosuku ngama-gramu angama-300 - okungaba ama-apula amabili amancane. Ngokuqondene nemifino, kufanele kube khona amagremu angama-400 ekudleni kwansuku zonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela engcono yokupheka iluhlaza. Isibonelo, ukufeza okujwayelekile, kuzokwanela ukudla isanqante eyodwa eluhlaza ongaphakathi, notamatisi owodwa[17].
  • Abaphenyi bakwazile ukuthola imbangela yesifo esibi esanda kutholakala esidala ukuquleka kwezingane, ukulahleka kwe-magnesium emchameni nokwehla kobuhlakani. Besebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kofuzo, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi lesi sifo sibangelwe ukuguquka kwesimanje kwenye yezinhlobo ezine ze-sodium potassium metabolism eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase. Ulwazi olusha ngalesi sifo kungenzeka lisho ukuthi odokotela ngokuzayo bazokwazi kakhulu ukuthi ukushoda kwe-magnesium kuhlangene nesifo sokuwa kungabangelwa ukukhubazeka kofuzo ku-sodium-potassium metabolism.[18].

Okwehlisa isisindo

Ngokwesiko, i-potassium ayizange ibonwe njengosizo losizi. Kodwa-ke, ngokutadisha izindlela zayo zokusebenza nemisebenzi, lo mbono uqala ukushintsha kancane kancane. I-Potassium isiza ekwehliseni isisindo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

  1. 1 I-Potassium isiza ukuthuthukisa imetabolism namandla: ihlinzeka umzimba wethu ngezinto eziwudingayo ukuze inikeze amandla ngesikhathi somzimba futhi iyisiza ukuthi isebenzise izakhamzimba zokuqinisa umzimba - i-iron, i-magnesium ne-calcium.
  2. 2 I-Potassium isiza ukuthola ubukhulu bemisipha: Uma ihlanganiswe ne-magnesium, iyasiza ekunciphiseni kwemisipha nokukhula. Futhi lapho imisipha iqina, kuyashesha ukushisa amakhalori.
  3. I-Potassium ivimbela ukugcinwa oketshezi okweqile emzimbeni: kanye ne-sodium, i-potassium isiza ekugcineni ukushintshaniswa koketshezi emzimbeni, okweqile okwengeza inani lamakhilogremu esikalini[20].

Sebenzisa ku-cosmetology

I-Potassium ivame ukutholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezimonyo. Kunezindlela eziningi esetshenziswa ngazo - i-potassium aspartate, i-potassium bicarbonate, i-potassium bromate, i-potassium castorate, i-potassium chloride, i-potassium hydroxide, i-potassium silicate, i-potassium sterate, njll. Lezi zinhlanganisela zisetshenziswa kakhulu kuzimonyo, inhlanzeko yomlomo kanye nemikhiqizo yezinwele. . Ngokuya nge-compound ethize, ingasebenza njenge-conditioner, isilawuli se-acidity, isinqandakuvunda, i-stabilizer, i-emulsifier ne-thickener. I-Potassium lactate inomphumela wokuswakama ngenxa yekhono layo lokubopha ama-molecule amanzi kanye nemikhiqizo yokuwohloka kwe-amino acid ebizwa ngokuthi i-serine. Izinhlanganisela eziningi ze-potassium ngemithamo ephezulu zingabangela ukucasuka nokusha futhi zingaba ne-carcinogenic [19].

Amaqiniso Okuthakazelisayo

  • I-Potassium nitrate (i-saltpeter) yasetshenziswa ngeNkathi Ephakathi ukugcina ukudla.
  • E-China ngekhulu lesi-9, i-potassium nitrate yayiyingxenye yesigaxa.
  • Ama-potassium usawoti afakiwe kumanyolo omningi.
  • Igama elithi "potassium" livela egameni lesi-Arabhu elithi "alkali" (izinto ezinama-alkaline). EsiNgisini, i-potassium ibizwa nge-potassium - kusuka egameni elithi "pot ash" (umlotha ovela ebhodweni), ngoba indlela eyinhloko yokukhipha usawoti we-potassium kwakuwukulungiswa komlotha.
  • Cishe u-2,4% woqweqwe lomhlaba wakhiwe nge-potassium.
  • I-potassium chloride compound, eyingxenye yemithi yokwelapha i-hypokalemia, inobuthi obuningi futhi ingabulala[21].

Ukungafani nokuxwayiswa

Izimpawu zokushoda kwe-potassium

I-plasma potassium ephansi (“hypokalemia”) imvamisa ingumphumela wokulahleka ngokweqile kwe-potassium, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokuhlanza isikhathi eside, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile, ezinye izinhlobo zesifo sezinso, noma ukuphazamiseka komzimba.

Izimo ezandisa ubungozi be-hypokalemia zifaka ukusetshenziswa kwe-diuretic, ukuphuza ngokweqile, ukuhlanza okunzima noma isifo sohudo, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwama-laxatives, i-anorexia amanosa noma i-bulimia nervosa, ukushoda kwe-magnesium, kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana.

Ukudla okuphansi kwe-potassium okudliwayo ngokuvamile akuholeli ku-hypokalemia.

Izimpawu zamazinga we-plasma potassium aphansi ngokungajwayelekile ("hypokalemia") ahlotshaniswa nezinguquko kumandla we-membrane kanye ne-metabolism yeselula; lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka bemisipha namajaqamba, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, nobuhlungu besisu. I-hypokalemia enamandla ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokusebenza kwemisipha noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okungabulala[2].

Izimpawu ze-potassium eyeqile

Kubantu abaphilile, i-potassium eyeqile ekudleni, njengomthetho, ayenzeki. Kodwa-ke, ngokweqile, amavithamini nezithako zokudla ezibandakanya i-potassium zingaba nobuthi futhi zibe nempilo enhle. Ukudla okuphezulu okungapheli kwezithako ze-potassium kungaholela ku-hyperkalemia, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinkinga zokuqeda. Uphawu olubi kakhulu lwalesi sifo i-arrhythmia yenhliziyo, engaholela ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izithako ze-potassium zingadala ukungaphatheki kahle kwamathumbu. Ezinye izimpawu ze-hyperkalemia zifaka ukungabi namandla ezandleni nasezinyaweni, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, kanye nokulahleka kwesikhashana kwemisipha (ukukhubazeka)[2].

Ukusebenzisana nemithi

Imithi ethile ingathinta amazinga e-potassium emzimbeni. Isibonelo, imishanguzo ethathwe ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ezigulini ezinesifo esingapheliyo sezinso noma uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 inganciphisa inani le-potassium ekhishwe emchameni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, iholele kwi-hyperkalemia. Izidakamizwa zinomphumela ofanayo. Ochwepheshe beluleka ukuqapha amazinga e-potassium ezigulini ezithatha le mithi[2].

Siqoqe amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu nge-potassium kulo mfanekiso futhi sizojabula uma wabelana ngesithombe kwinethiwekhi yokuxhumana noma kubhulogi, ngesixhumanisi saleli khasi:

Imithombo yolwazi
  1. "". Umsoco weMetabolism. Elsevier Ltd, 2003, amakhasi 655-660. I-ISBN: 978-0-12-417762-8
  2. I-potassium. Umthombo we-Nutri-Facts
  3. INewman, D. (2000). I-potassium. KuK. Kiple & K. Ornelas (Eds.), ICambridge World History of Food (amakhasi 843-848). ICambridge: ICambridge University Press. INGXENYE: 10.1017 / CHOL978052149.096
  4. ULinda D. Meyers, uJennifer Pitzi Hellwig, uJennifer J. Otten, kanye ne-Institute of Medicine. "Potassium". Ukufakwa Kwezikhombo Zezokudla: Umhlahlandlela Obalulekile Wezidingo Zomsoco. Izifundiswa Zikazwelonke, 2006. 370-79.
  5. Ukusebenzisana kukaVitamin noMaminerali: Ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi bezakhi ezibalulekile zomsoco,
  6. Ukudla Okuphezulu Kwe-Potassium nokuthi Kukuzuzisa Kanjani,
  7. Izinhlanganisela Zokudla Ezi-13 Ezingasheshisa Ukwehlisa Isisindo Sakho,
  8. Ama-Combos Okudla ayi-7 Kufanele Uzame Ukuthola Ukudla Okungcono,
  9. I-potassium. Ishidi Leqiniso Labasebenzi Bezempilo. Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zezempilo. IHhovisi Lezithako Zokudla,
  10. ILanham-New, uSusan A et al. "I-Potassium." Intuthuko kwezomsoco (Bethesda, Md.) Vol. 3,6 820-1. 1 Novemba 2012, DOI: 10.3945 / an.112.003012
  11. I-potassium ekudleni kwakho kokukhulelwa,
  12. I-Potassium Nokukhulelwa: Konke Odinga Ukukwazi,
  13. I-Complete Encyclopedia of Folk Medicine. IVolumu 1. I-OLMA Media Group. P. 200.
  14. IGreat Encyclopedia Yemithi Yabantu. OLMA Media Group, 2009. ikhasi. 32.
  15. GV Lavrenova, VD Onipko. I-Encyclopedia of Folk Medicine. OLMA Media Group, 2003. k. 43.
  16. URían W. Manville, uGeoffrey W. Abbott. Iqabunga laseCilantro lifaka isiteshi esinamandla se-potassium – kusebenze i-anticonvulsant. Ijenali yeFASEB, 2019; fj.201900485R INGXENYE: 10.1096 / fj.201900485R
  17. I-American Society for Nutrition. "Izigidi zokufa kwenhliziyo ezibangelwa ukungadli ngokwanele futhi: Ucwaningo luthola inani lezithelo nemifino engadliwanga yisifunda, ubudala nobulili." IsayensiDaily. IsayensiDaily, 10 Juni 2019. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190610100624.htm
  18. UKarl P. Schlingmann, Sascha Bandulik, Omama, Maja Tarailo-Graovac, Rikke Holm, Matthias Baumann, Jens König, Jessica JY Lee, Britt Drögemöller, Katrin Imminger, Bodo B. Beck, Janine Altmüller, Holger Thiele, Siegfried Waldegger, UHoff, uRobert Kleta, uRichard Warth, uClara DM van Karnebeek, uBente Vilsen, uDetlef Bockenhauer, uMartin Konrad. Izinguquko zeGermline De Novo ku-ATP1A1 Cause Renal Hypomagnesemia, Ukuquleka Okuphikisayo, Nokukhubazeka Kwengqondo. I-American Journal of Human Genetics, 2018; 103 (5): 808 INGXELO: 10.1016 / j.ajhg.2018.10.004
  19. URuth Winter. Isichazamazwi Somthengi Sezithako Zezimonyo, uHlelo lwesi-7: Imininingwane Ephelele Ngezithako Eziyingozi Nezifunekayo Ezitholakala Kwezimonyo NaseCosmeceuticals. Potter / Ijubane Elishumi / iHarmony / Rodale, 2009. Pp 425-429
  20. Izindlela Ezintathu I-Potassium Isiza Ukwehlisa Isisindo,
  21. Amaqiniso ngePotassium, umthombo
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