I-Porcini mushroom

Incazelo

IPorcini mushroom (Boletus edulis) uhlobo lwamakhowe womnyango we-basidiomycete, isigaba se-agaricomycete, i-boletus oda, umndeni we-boletus, i-boletus. Lona ngummeli omibalabala kakhulu wombuso wamakhowe.

Igama elifushanisiwe lekhowe limane nje "limhlophe", abanye balibiza ngokuthi i-boletus. Ngisho nabavuni bamakhowe abangenalwazi bababona kalula “osaziwayo basehlathini” bese begcwalisa obhasikidi babo ngalo.

Kungani i-Porcini mushroom ibizwa ngomhlophe?

Ikhowe le-porcini lalinalo igama ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho amakhowe ayomiswa kaningi kunokuthosiwe noma isitshulu. I-marble pulp ye-porcini mushroom ihlala imhlophe ngokuphelele ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa kokushisa nokomiswa. Abantu basiqaphelile lesi sici futhi babiza ikhowa ngesigqoko esimnyama esimhlophe ncamashi. Enye inguqulo yaleli gama ihlotshaniswa nokuphikiswa kwekhowe le-porcini kuya ebhusha elinganambitheki kangako futhi elingabalulekanga kangako, inyama yalo iba mnyama ekusikeni.

hat

Onke amakhowe ohlobo lwe-boletus anephunga elibucayi ngokumangazayo nokunambitheka okumnandi.

Isigqoko esinsundu esinsundu se-porcini mushroom esikhulile sikhula ngokwesilinganiso esifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-7-30 ububanzi. Kepha kwezinye izindawo, ngokuya ngemvula enamandla namazinga okushisa amancane, amakhowe we-porcini nawo avela ngobubanzi be-cap obungamasentimitha angama-50.

Ukunquma ubudala bamakhowe kulula kakhulu: kwikhowe elincane le-porcini, ikepisi linomumo we-convex ocishe ube ngobuciko, amakhowe avuthwe ngokweqile ayathopha, kwesinye isikhathi aze enabeke ngokubukeka. Ubuso be-porcini mushroom cap ezimweni eziningi bunokuthinta okuthintwayo, ukuthungwa okuncane kwe-velvety, isikhumba esingenhla sixhunywe ngokuqinile kupulp, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuhlukana nakho.

Esimweni sezulu esomile futhi esinomoya, ikepisi limbozwa ngenethiwekhi yemibimbi emincane kodwa ejulile noma imifantu, okuholela ekulimaleni kwama-pores angaphakathi wefungus. Esimweni sezulu esinemvula, ifilimu elincanyana lamafinyila lingabonakala phezulu kwekhaphethi.

Umbala wekepisi lekhowe le-porcini ungahlukahluka - kusuka kokusobala ngokubomvu kuya kokumhlophe okobisi. Okudala ukuthi amakhowe, iba mnyama futhi ibe mnyama ikepisi, futhi isikhumba sithola ukuqina kwesici.

Umtfumbu

Inyama yekhowe elivuthiwe le-porcini liqinile, linamanzi amaningi futhi linamanzi amaningi, linombala omhlophe okhangayo. Emakhowe amadala, kuphenduka isakhiwo esinezintambo, umthunzi we-pulp uthola ithoni ye-beige ephuzi kancane noma elula.

Leg

Ukuphakama komlenze we-porcini mushroom kuncane, ngokwesilinganiso kufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12, kepha futhi ungahlangana nabamele "abade" ngaphezulu, umlenze ofinyelela kumasentimitha angama-25 ukuphakama. Ububanzi bomlenze bungu-7 cm, akuvamile - 10 cm.

Isici esivelele sekhowe le-porcini ukuma kwesiqu saso: senziwe ngomgqomo noma nge-clavate; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kumakhowe amadala iba yi-cylindrical, ihlukaniswe kancane enkabeni futhi ibe mkhulu esisekelweni nasesigqokweni. Imibala yayo isukela kokumhlophe kuye kobunsundu ngokujulile, kwesinye isikhathi inamabala abomvu amnyama.

Kunamakhowe we-porcini, imibala yamakepisi nemilenze yawo acishe afane ngokuphelele. Imvamisa, ezansi kwesigqoko, umlenze unenetha lemithambo elula ekhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi icishe ingahlukaniseki ngemuva kwesizinda esikhulu sesikhumba.

I-Bedspread ne-spore powder

Izinsalela zombhede azibonwa kukhowe we-porcini - isisekelo sesiqu sihlanzekile ngokuphelele.

I-Spore powder ye-hue enamanzi omnqumo omuncu, izinhlamvu zamakhowe we-porcini uqobo zifana nesipini sokuma, ubukhulu bazo buncane ngokumangazayo: ama-15.5 x 5.5 microns. Isendlalelo se-tubular silula, bese siphenduka siphuzi, sithole umbala oluhlaza womnqumo.

Amakhowe asePorcini akhula kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwe-Australia eyomile kakhulu ne-Antarctica ebandayo. Kutholakala yonke indawo eYurophu, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, eMexico, ezindaweni zaseChina, eJapane nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho yeMongolia, eNyakatho Afrika, eBritish Isles, eCaucasus, eKamchatka, eFar East, ebangeni eliphakathi neliseningizimu.

Imvamisa amakhowe we-porcini atholakala enyakatho ye-taiga, engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia naseMpumalanga Ekude.

Ama-porcini mushroom akhula nini futhi emahlathini aphi?

Umjikelezo wokukhula kwamakhowe we-porcini uyahluka kakhulu futhi kuya ngendawo yokukhula. Amakhowe ePorcini aqala ukukhula ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni, futhi ukubonakala okugcwele kweziqhingi zamakhowe kuphela ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi - ngo-Okthoba-Novemba (ezindaweni ezifudumele).

Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, i-porcini mushroom ikhula kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, kanti ukuvuna ngobuningi kuqala engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti. Isigaba sokukhula se-boletus side kakhulu: sifinyelela ekuvuthweni kuphela ngesonto eligcwele.

Amakhowe akhula emindenini noma emakholoni ayizindandatho, ngakho-ke ukuhlangana ngisho nekhowe elilodwa le-porcini ehlathini kuvame ukuthembisa otomula amakhowe.

Amakhowe asePorcini akhula kokubili emahlathini e-coniferous ne-deciduous noma axubekile ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinjenge-spruce, i-pine, i-oki, i-birch, i-hornbeam ne-fir. Ukuqoqwa kwamakhowe we-porcini kungenziwa ezindaweni ezimbozwe ubulembu nobulembu, enhlabathini enesihlabathi, isihlabathi esixekethile nenhlabathi evundile, kepha lawa makhowe awavami ukukhula emhlabathini onamanzi nasebhakeni.

I-cep iyakuthanda ukukhanya kwelanga, kodwa futhi ingakhula ezindaweni ezimnyama. Amakhowe akhula kahle ngenhlabathi egcwele amanzi namazinga okushisa omoya aphansi nsuku zonke. I-Porcini kuyaqabukela ikhule e-tundra nasehlathini-ehlathini, ehlathini-emaqeleni, nasezifundeni ze-steppe, iPorcini ayitholakali nhlobo.

Izinhlobo zamakhowe we-porcini, amagama nezithombe

Phakathi kwamakhowe we-porcini, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zithathwa njengezidume kakhulu:

Inetha lamakhowe le-Porcini (i-boletus net) (i-Boletus reticulatus)

Amakhowe adliwayo. Ngaphandle, kubukeka sengathi iflaya elidonsa ngezinyawo, linesigqoko esinsundu noma se-ocher, kwesinye isikhathi sinombala osawolintshi, otholakala emlenzeni omfushane oyindilinga. Inethi esiqwini sekhowe limhlophe noma nsundu. Isigqoko sinobubanzi obungu-6-30 cm. Inyama imhlophe.

I-cep itholakala kuma-beech, i-oki, i-hornbeam, amahlathi e-chestnut aseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika nase-Afrika, eCaucasus. Kuvela ngoJuni-Septhemba, kepha hhayi kaningi kakhulu.

IPorcini mushroom ithusi elimnyama (uphondo) (Latin Boletus aereus)

IPorcini birch mushroom (spikelet) (Boletus betulicola)
Isici sezinhlobo ukukhanya okulula, cishe umbala omhlophe wekepisi, ofinyelela ku-5-15 cm ububanzi. Ngaphansi kokuvamile, umbala wayo unombala ophuzi noma okhanyayo ophuzi. Isiqu samakhowe simise okomgqomo, sinombala omhlophe nsundu, sinomsila omhlophe engxenyeni engenhla. Ekusikeni, amakhowe awaguquki abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uginindela lwamakhowe lumhlophe.

I-birch Porcini mushroom ikhula kuphela ngaphansi kwezihlahla, itholakala kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala, lapho kunamahlathi ama-birch nama-groves, emigwaqeni nasemaphethelweni. Kuthela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba, kubodwa noma ngamaqembu. Imvamisa ikhula kulo lonke elaseRussia, kanye naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

I-Porcini birch mushroom (spikelet) (Latin Boletus betulicolus)

I-pine cep (upland, i-boletus ethanda uphayini) (Boletus pinophilus)

Uhlobo lwekhowe le-porcini elinesigqoko esikhulu esinombala omnyama, kwesinye isikhathi linombala onsomi. Ikepisi inobubanzi obungu-6-30 cm. Inyama yekhowe ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincanyana sekepisi inombala obomvu ngokugqamile, imhlophe esiqwini, ayiguquki iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekusikeni. Umlenze wamakhowe ujiyile, mfushane, umhlophe noma nsundu ngombala, unonsi olukhanyayo onsundu noma olubomvu.

I-Pine cep ikhula emahlathini kaphayini emihlabathini enesihlabathi nasezintabeni, ngokungajwayelekile ngesi-spruce namahlathi ahlabayo, itholakala yonke indawo: eYurophu, eMelika Ephakathi, eRussia (ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zengxenye yaseYurophu, eSiberia).

I-Pine cep (i-Latin Boletus pinophilus)

Ikhowe elinesigqoko esinsundu, kodwa hhayi esinsundu, kodwa elinombala ompunga, kwesinye isikhathi izindawo ezikhanyayo “ziyahlakazeka” esigqokweni. Inyama yalolu hlobo ikhululekile futhi iminyene kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zePorcini.

IPorcini oak mushroom itholakala emahlathini e-oki eCaucasus nasePrimorsky Territory, ivame ukutholakala enkabeni yeRussia nasezindaweni zayo eziseningizimu.

I-Oak cep (lat. Boletus edulis f. Quercicola)

Isi-mushroom se-Spruce (Boletus edulis f. Edulis)
I-Porcini mushroom ejwayelekile kakhulu. Umlenze uvikelekile futhi unokushuba ngezansi. I-mesh ifinyelela ingxenye yesithathu noma uhhafu womlenze. Isigqoko sinombala onsundu, obomvu noma we-chestnut.

Isihlahla se-Spruce Porcini sikhula emahlathini ama-fir nama-spruce eRussia nase-Europe, ngaphandle kwe-Iceland. Ikhowe le-porcini livela ngoJuni futhi lithela izithelo kuze kube sekwindla.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo zamakhowe we-porcini, amavithamini namaminerali

Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwamaminerali aphezulu, i-porcini mushroom ingenye yamakhowe athandwa kakhulu futhi azuzisayo. Kungani i-porcini mushroom ilusizo?

• Okokuqala, kunenani elifanele le-selenium ku-pulp ye-porcini mushroom, engalapha umdlavuza kusaqalwa.
• I-Ascorbic acid, equkethwe ePorcini, ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwazo zonke izitho.
• Iphunga elimhlophe elimnandi elimnandi liqukethe i-calcium, i-iron ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, kanye nama-phytohormones, asiza ukunciphisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
• I-Riboflavin, eyingxenye yamakhowe we-porcini, isiza ukujwayela indlala yegilo, futhi ithuthukise nokukhula kwezinwele nezinzipho.
• Amavithamini B aqukethwe ePorcini anomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa, amandla emetabolism, inkumbulo nokusebenza kobuchopho, avikela isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila ezifweni, abhekene nokulala okuzwakalayo, imizwa emihle nokudla.
• I-Lecithin ye-porcini mushroom iyazuzisa i-atherosclerosis kanye ne-anemia, isiza ukuhlanza imithambo yegazi kusuka ku-cholesterol.
• Inani lekhowe le-porcini libuye likhona lapho kukhona i-B-glucan, i-antioxidant evikela amasosha omzimba womuntu futhi ilwe nesikhunta, amagciwane kanye namagciwane.
• I-Ergothioneine ku-Porcini fungus ivuselela ukuvuselelwa kwamangqamuzana omzimba, futhi iyasiza ezinso, isibindi, amehlo nomnkantsha wamathambo.
• Futhi i-porcini mushroom ivuselela ngokuphelele uketshezi lwamajusi wokugaya ukudla.
• IPorcini mushroom linama-khalori aphansi, amanzi angama-90%, alungele ukomiswa, okuthosiwe nesitshulu, okufakwe emanzini anosawoti ukuze asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo ebusika. Ukunambitheka kwempuphu ephekiwe kuthambile ngokungavamile; ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlanza, ikhipha iphunga lamakhowe elikhangayo, eliqina kuphela ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa. Ikhowe le-porcini linephunga elinamandla kakhulu ngemuva kokumiswa okufanele, lapho uginindela ulahlekelwa umswakama kancane kancane.

Noma yiliphi ikhowe linzima kakhulu ekugayeni kwabantu. Kepha ngamakhowe omisiwe we-porcini afinyeleleka kalula ekugayeni, ngoba esimweni esomile, umzimba womuntu uhlanganisa amaprotheni afinyelela ku-80% wekhowe le-porcini. Yile ndlela yamakhowe ezinconywa izazi zokudla.

Ukulimala kwamakhowe ePorcini

IPorcini mushroom ikhowe elidliwayo, kepha futhi lingafakwa ushevu ezimweni eziningana:

• Ikhowe lasePorcini liqukethe i-chitin, okunzima emzimbeni wengane, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kubantu abanezifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla nezinso. Ngisho nomhluzi we-porcini ungaholela ekukhuleni.
• Amakhowe asePorcini, njenganoma imuphi omunye amakhowe, aqoqa izinsimbi ezinzima ezinobuthi eziqukethwe emhlabathini. Yingakho udinga ukuthi uqaphele futhi noma kunjalo ungawakhi amakhowe akhula ngaphakathi kwedolobha noma eduze kwamabhizinisi ezimboni, izindawo zokulahla udoti, imfucuza, eduze nemigwaqo emikhulu.
• Isizathu sesithathu sokuzizwa ungaphilile lapho udla amakhowe e-porcini ukwenzeka kokungazwani komzimba nezinhlamvu zamakhowe.
• Futhi-ke, ukusetshenziswa kokuphindwe kabili okuyingozi kwekhowe le-porcini, elibizwa nge-mushroom yenyongo noma umunyu, kungaholela ekufakeni ubuthi.

Iseluleko esilula kubantu abangawaqondi amakhowe futhi abangadida i-porcini ne-bile akukhona okokukhetha amakhowe aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ajike abepinki, ajike abebomvu) lapho enqunyiwe futhi enambitha ebabayo!

Ungahlukanisa kanjani ikhowe lePorcini kokungelona iqiniso?

Umtfumbu

Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwekhowe le-porcini kanye ne-fungus yamanga yamanga umbala osikiwe. Uma isikiwe, inyama ye-fungus yenyongo iba mnyama futhi ibe nsundu ngokubomvana. Inyama yekhowe le-porcini alishintshi umbala futhi ihlala imhlophe.

Leg

Ukhunta lwenyongo lunephethini elifana nelicwebezelayo elicwebezelayo esiqwini, ikhowe elidliwayo le-porcini elingenalo.

I-Hymenophore

Isendlalelo se-tubular sezinsipho zamanga sibomvana, kanti leso se-ceps sangempela simhlophe noma siphuzi.

Taste

Ikhowe lamanga lePorcini liyababa, ngokungafani nePorcini edliwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka okumunyu kwekhowe lenyongo alishintshi ngesikhathi sokubilisa noma ukuthosa, kepha kungancipha ngesikhathi sokukhiwa ngenxa yokufakwa uviniga.

Ukukhulisa amakhowe we-porcini ekhaya endaweni yomuntu siqu

Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ungatshala kanjani futhi utshale i-porcini mushroom ekotishi labo lasehlobo. Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala amakhowe we-porcini ekhaya noma esakhiweni somuntu siqu akunzima neze, yize kuthatha isikhathi, kudinga ukubekezela nokunemba okuphezulu okuvela kuwe.

Lapho uhlela ukutshala amakhowe we-porcini, cabanga nge-nuance eyodwa: ikhowe le-porcini lihlala ehlathini, ngakho-ke alikwazi ukuba khona ngaphandle kokubambisana nesihlahla. Inketho ekahle uma indawo yomhlaba izoba seduze nehlathi, yize kuyisiqephu lapho kukhula khona izihlahla ezimbalwa kuphela - iphayini, i-aspens, i-birch, i-oki noma i-spruce. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izihlahla okungenani zibe neminyaka eyi-8-10 ubudala.

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokutshala amakhowe we-porcini ezweni ekhaya:

• ikhula kusuka ku-mycelium;
• ikhula kusuka ezinhlamvwini ezisemgqonyeni wamakhowe.
• Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukukhulisa amakhowe we-porcini kusuka ku-mycelium

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthenga izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokutshala, okungukuthi, thenga i-porcini mycelium esitolo esikhethekile. Manje udinga ukuqala ukulungiselela indawo ekhethiwe yokutshala ngqo. Lokhu kungenziwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunethuba lokuthi kube khona isithwathwa, esingachitha yonke imizamo yakho.

Emaceleni esiqu somuthi (uphayini, i-birch, i-oki, i-aspen, i-spruce), kuyadingeka ukuthi uveze inhlabathi, ususe u-15-20 cm wesendlalelo esiphezulu ebusweni bayo, ngaleyo ndlela wakhe indingilizi enobubanzi obungu-1-1.5 amamitha. Inhlabathi kumele igcinelwe ikhava elandelayo yesiza.

I-peat noma umquba obolile kahle ubekwe endaweni eyakhiwe: ubukhulu besendlalelo esivundile akufanele budlule u-2-3 cm.

Izingcezu ze-porcini mushroom mycelium ezithengiwe zibekwe enhlabathini elungisiwe, lokhu kwenziwa ngephethini lokuhlola, futhi kungakuhle ukuthi ugcine ibanga phakathi kwezingcezu ze-mycelium ezingama-30-35 cm.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukumboza ngokucophelela i-Porcini mushroom mycelium enongqimba lwenhlabathi oyisusile ekuqaleni. Ukutshala kumele kuniselwe ngokucophelela nangobuningi (2.5-3 amabhakede esihlahleni ngasinye). Kunconywa ukuthi ukwenze lokhu ngokucophelela ukuze ungagugisi inhlabathi.

Indawo eniselwa ngamanzi igcwele ungqimba lotshani obungu-25-35 cm, obuzogcina umswakama oyifunayo futhi uvimbele i-mycelium ekumeni. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuchelela kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto, kufaka ukugqoka okuphezulu emanzini, isibonelo, i-Baikal EM-1 complex.

Ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa nangaphambi kokuwa kweqhwa, uzungu lwamakhowe lumbozwe ubulembu behlathi, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele noma ungqimba lwamaqabunga awile ukudala ingubo yesithwathwa. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ikhava le isuswa ngokucophelela nge-rake.

Isivuno sokuqala samakhowe anephunga elimnandi le-porcini sitholakala ngonyaka, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-mycelium esungulwe, okungukuthi, ngokunisela nokunikeza ukudla ngesikhathi esifanele, "insimu yasekhaya" enjalo yamakhowe we-porcini ingathela izithelo iminyaka emi-3-5.

Ukukhulisa amakhowe we-porcini kusuka kuma-caps

Ngale ndlela, kuzodingeka ungene ehlathini bese uthola izigqoko kumakhowe avuthiwe, noma avuthwe ngokweqile, ama-porcini. Ububanzi be-cap akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-10-15 cm. Kusebenza kahle uma uginindela wamakhowe oqhekekile unombala oluhlaza okomnqumo, okhombisa ukuvuthwa kwempuphu yespore.

Lapho ukhetha amakhowe we-porcini, naka ukuthi uwasika ziphi izihlahla, ngoba kungaphansi kwezihlahla ezifanayo okufanele uzitshale kusayithi lakho. I-porcini mushroom ekhula ngaphansi kwe-birch ehlathini elinamahlathi cishe ayinampande ngaphansi kwephayini noma i-oki.

Amakepisi amakhowe we-porcini ahlukaniswa nemilenze futhi, ngesilinganiso samakhaphethi ayi-7-12 ebhakedeni ngalinye lamanzi (okungcono amanzi emvula), acwilisa amahora angama-24. Kungcono ukwengeza utshwala (3-5 wezipuni nge-10 l) noma ushukela (15-20 g nge-10 l) emanzini. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi wonke amakhowe, nokuvuthwa ngaphezulu, ngokushesha ayawohloka, ngakho-ke udinga ukuwamanzisa ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokuwakha, kepha kungakadluli amahora ayi-8-10.

Ngemuva kosuku, gcoba ngokucophelela izigqoko zamakhowe ezimanzi ngezandla zakho kuze kube yisisindo esilinganayo se-jelly, uyihlunge ngongqimba lwe-gauze, ngaleyo ndlela uhlukanise isixazululo esinamanzi nezinhlamvu zamakhowe ezicutshini zamakhowe. Awudingi ukulahla uginindela onenkinga.

Indawo yokutshala amakhowe we-porcini ilungiselelwe ngokufana nenketho yokuqala (ukutshala i-porcini mycelium). Umehluko kuphela ukuthi i-peat noma ungqimba lomquba uchitheka ngesisombululo samathanini wokukhipha amagciwane entweni yokutshala kanye nenhlabathi.

Isixazululo esinjalo silungiswa ngale ndlela elandelayo: iphakethe le-100-gram yetiye elimnyama liphekwe nelitha lamanzi abilayo, noma ama-gramu angama-30 amagxolo e-oki abiliswa ilitha lamanzi ihora elilodwa. Ngemuva kokupholisa, indawo ekhethelwe ukutshala iyaniselwa nale ejenti, ngezinga lamalitha ama-3 wesisombululo sokushuka esihlahleni ngasinye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi anezinhlamvu athelwa ngokulinganayo ngendwangu "kumcamelo" ovundile, kuyilapho isixazululo samanzi kufanele sishukunyiswe njalo. "Ikhekhe" lamakhowe elisuka kumakepisi libekwe ngokucophelela ngaphezulu, "izithombo" ezilungisiwe zimbozwe ungqimba lwenhlabathi, lususwe luzungeze isihlahla ekuqaleni, noqweqwe lotshani.

Ukunakekela ukususwa kwamakhowe kuqukethe ukuchelela okuvamile, kepha okuvamile nokuningi, ngoba ukoma kuzoholela ekufeni kwama-ceps angakakhuli izinhlamvu. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, lesi sakhiwo kufanele sivalwe, futhi entwasahlobo, susa kuso "ingubo" yamagatsha e-spruce, amaqabunga afile noma utshani. Ungawajabulela amakhowe e-porcini akhule ekhaya ehlobo elilandelayo noma ekwindla.

Ezinye izindlela zokutshala amakhowe we-porcini

Kunezinye izindlela ezimbalwa zokutshala amakhowe we-porcini egcekeni lakho, awathandwa kangako, kepha anganikeza nemiphumela emihle.

Ehlathini, bagubha ngokucophelela izingcezu ze-mycelium ezilingana neqanda elikhulu lenkukhu. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa emigodini engajulile kakhulu ngaphansi kwesihlahla esakhiweni, zifafazwe kancane ngenhlabathi futhi ziniselwe njalo.

Amakhowe e-overripe porcini achotshoziwe, omisiwe emthunzini usuku, evuselela izingcezu ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba oluphezulu lwesoyi luphakanyiswa ngaphansi komuthi esizeni bese kubekwa inqwaba elungisiwe lapho, ibuyisele isoyi endaweni yayo futhi uyihlanganise kahle. Isayithi lichitheke kakhulu ngamanzi.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamakhowe we-porcini

1. Umjikelezo wokuphila kwekhowe le-porcini awudluli izinsuku eziyi-9, kepha kunezinhlobo ezihlukile "ezingaphila" izinsuku eziyi-15. Ngalesi sikhathi, zanda ngosayizi, zidlula kude kakhulu izizukulwane zazo.
2. Ngemuva kokusika, amakhowe alahlekelwa ngokushesha yizakhiwo zawo eziwusizo ngaphandle kokucubungulwa okukhethekile. Ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10, kuphela uhhafu wamaminerali nama-macronutrients aqukethwe ku-pulp wawo.
3. Ehlathini kaningi ungathola ikhowe le-porcini elinombala ongajwayelekile kalamula noma owolintshi, okuvame ukwethusa abacoshi bamakhowe abangenalwazi, yize empeleni izinhlobo ezinjalo ziyadliwa futhi azihlwabuseki kangako.