I-pneumoconiosis
Okuqukethwe yi-athikili
  1. incazelo ejwayelekile
    1. Izinhlobo nezimbangela zesenzeko
    2. Izimpawu
    3. Izinkinga
    4. Prevention
    5. Ukwelashwa emithini ejwayelekile
  2. Ukudla okunempilo
    1. Amakhambi abantu
  3. Imikhiqizo eyingozi neyingozi

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

I-Pneumoconiosis yiqembu lezifo zomsebenzi lapho, ngenxa yokuhogela njalo umoya ongcolile ngothuli, kuba nezifo ezivuthayo zamaphaphu.

Ngokuvamile, i-pneumoconiosis itholakala kubasebenzi base-asbestos, ingilazi, imboni yensimbi, ama-workshops wokucubungula ukolweni ufulawa, amakheshi, abavukuzi. Abasebenzi bakule mikhakha bavezwa ngendlela ehlelekile emoyeni onothuli futhi, kuya ngezimo zokusebenza, kusuka kwabangama-30 kuya kuma-55% babasebenzi “emisebenzini enothuli” bagula i-pneumoconiosis.

I-Pneumoconiosis ibonakala ngokungaguquguquki kwesifundo, ekugcineni kuholele ekukhubazekeni nasekunciphiseni isikhathi sokuphila.

Izinhlobo nezimbangela zesenzeko

Ngokuya nge-etiology, kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-pneumoconiosis:

  • i-silicosis - uhlobo lwe-pneumoconiosis, olubangela i-silicon dioxide engena emzimbeni ngokuhogela njalo uthuli lwe-silica;
  • inyumoniyaokubangelwa uthuli olungokwemvelo, lokhu kufaka zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezinothuli zamaphaphu pathologies, ukukhula kwazo okubangelwa uthuli lwezolimo (ifilakisi nokotini, umoba), uthuli lwezinto zokwenziwa;
  • i-carboconiosis - thuthukisa ngenxa yokuhogela umoya othulini, okubandakanya i-carbon: i-graphite, insizi, i-coke, amalahle;
  • ama-silicatoses - vusa amaminerali othuli aqukethe i-silica enamaminerali afana ne-aluminium, i-calcium, i-iron ne-magnesium;
  • inyumoniyakubangelwa ukuhogela uthuli oluxubekile ngaphandle kokuqukethwe kwe-silika - i-pneumoconiosis yama-welders noma ama-grinders;
  • i-metalloconiosis kubangelwa ukuhogela uthuli lwezinsimbi: i-tin, i-manganese, i-iron, i-steel, i-aluminium.

Izinhlayiya zothuli eziqinile zinamakhona abukhali, lapho zingena emaphashini, zilimaza izicubu, ngenxa ye-microtraumas, i-fibrosis iyaqala.

Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zokugeleza, i-pneumoconiosis ihlukaniswe yaba:

  1. 1 i-pneumoconiosis ehamba kancane kancane - i-pathology ikhula ngemuva kweminyaka engu-15-20 yomsebenzi ekukhiqizeni ngokuqukethwe okungatheni kangako kothuli. Kujwayelekile ezimweni eziningi ze-pneumoconiosis. Inkambo engalapheki ingaba ngesimo se-pneumoconiosis elula enezimpawu ezimnene nezinguquko ezimnene ezicutshini zamaphaphu noma uhlobo lwesifo oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhluleka ukuphefumula nokukhubazeka;
  2. 2 i-pneumoconiosis eqhubekayo ngokushesha ukuthuthukisa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5 - 10 yomsebenzi ekukhiqizeni ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kothuli lwe-silica;
  3. 3 i-pneumoconiosis esephuze ukufika - kwenzeka ngemuva kokuqedwa kokuxhumana nothuli.

Izimpawu

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni kanye nesimo se-pathology, yonke i-pneumoconiosis ibonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo, ezikhula kancane kancane:

  • ukuphefumula, okwenyuka ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba - enye yezimpawu zokuqala ze-pneumoconiosis;
  • ukukhwehlela okomile, okungakhiqizi kuyimpawu ejwayelekile;
  • Ubuhlungu esifubeni, izifunda ezi-interscapular kanye ne-subscapular;
  • ukushaya;
  • ukuqina esifubeni;
  • lokushisa subfebrile;
  • ukuncipha kwesisindo somzimba;
  • ukujuluka okwandayo;
  • ukukhathala okwandisiwe.

Izinkinga

I-pneumoconiosis igcwele imiphumela eyingozi. Ukukhula kwabo kuncike esimweni samasosha omzimba wesiguli kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, i-pneumoconiosis iyinkimbinkimbi ngezifo ezilandelayo:

  1. 1 emphysema yamaphaphu;
  2. 2 i-asthma ye-bronchial;
  3. 3 isifo sofuba;
  4. 4 ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-cardiopulmonary;
  5. 5 inyumoniya;
  6. 6 i-pneumothorax engazelelwe;
  7. 7 isifo samathambo;
  8. Umdlavuza wamaphaphu angu-8;
  9. 9 i-scleroderma.

Ukuvimbela i-pneumoconiosis

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pneumoconiosis, kufanele:

  • sebenzisa amaski wokuphefumula;
  • ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema;
  • gomela umkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal;
  • ukugadwa ngudokotela wezifo zengqondo futhi njalo uthathe ama-x-ray;
  • ekukhiqizeni okuyingozi, yenza izinyathelo ezithile ezihlose ukwenza ngcono izimo zokusebenza;
  • ukuqashwa okunengqondo;
  • ukwandisa amasosha omzimba;
  • ukugwema ukuthintana nezifo zokuphefumula ezigulayo;
  • ukuhlolwa kokuvikela abasebenzi.

Ukwelashwa emithini ejwayelekile

Njengamanje, ayikho imithi nezindlela zokwelapha eziqinisekisa ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kwesiguli kusuka ku-pneumoconiosis. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuhloswe ngakho:

  1. Ukwehla okungu-1 ekubonakalisweni kwezimpawu eziyinhloko - ukukhwehlela, isisindo esifubeni, ukuphefumula okuncane;
  2. 2 ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo esijwayelekile sesiguli;
  3. 3 ukuvimbela izinkinga;
  4. 4 ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ngemuva kwemithi.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kube ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuxhumana ne-ejenti okubangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology kufanele kumiswe ngokuphelele. Kuzinqubo ze-physiotherapeutic ye-pneumoconiosis, ukusikhipha umzimba, ukuhogela i-alkaline usawoti kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Okungenani izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka, iziguli ezinjalo zinconywa ukwelashwa kwesibhedlela.

Ukudla okuwusizo kwe-pneumoconiosis

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-pneumoconiosis, isiguli kufanele sidle ezingxenyeni ezingamaqhezu izikhathi eziyisithupha ngosuku. Ukuze uthuthukise imisebenzi yokuvikela yomzimba, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze okuncamelayo kokudla kwamaprotheni nokudla okunothe ngamavithamini. Ukudla kufanele kubiliswe, kubhakwe kuhhavini noma kufuthwe ngensimbi ukuze kungalayishi ngokweqile isisu namathumbu esiguli, ukudla kufanele kube mnene ngomshini nangamakhemikhali. Ukudla okulandelayo kufanele kufakwe ekudleni kwesiguli esine-pneumoconiosis:

  • izifundo zokuqala ezisekelwe kumhluzi wemifino;
  • uketshezi ubisi iphalishi;
  • inhlanzi ebilisiwe nenyama engenamafutha;
  • i-jelly, iziphuzo zezithelo, ama-compotes avela kumajikijolo noma izithelo ezomisiwe, amajusi wezithelo asanda kufinywa;
  • imikhiqizo yobisi oluvutshiwe ukwenza i-microflora yamathumbu ibe evamile: i-cottage shizi, i-kefir, ubisi olubilisiwe olubhakiwe, ukhilimu omuncu, iyogathi;
  • uju;
  • imifino emisha kanye namakhambi;
  • izithelo ezintsha;
  • ukuthuthukisa ukudla okulula okunosawoti ngokulingene: izibopho ze-herring, imifino eqoshiwe, i-caviar ebomvu nomnyama;
  • amaqanda ezinkukhu nezigwaca;
  • izithelo ezomisiwe: amakhiwane, amabhilikosi omisiwe, ama-prunes, amadethi, omisiwe;
  • ama-walnuts nama-hazelnuts, ama-cashews, amakinati;
  • isibindi se-cod, amafutha ezinhlanzi.

Amakhambi abantu okwelashwa kwe-pneumoconiosis

Imithi yendabuko inekhono eliphezulu lokwelapha ekwelapheni i-pneumoconiosis, noma kunjalo, ayikwazi ukufaka indawo yokwelashwa okusemthethweni, ingaba ukwengeza kuphela ekwelashweni okuyinhloko. Ukubuyisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, kunconywa amakhambi alandelayo:

  1. 1 ukushisa 700-750 ml wezinyosi ezinhle ezenziwe nge-buckwheat, engeza i-100 g yama-birch fresh buds aqoshiwe lapho, uhlobo. Thatha ingxube ewumphumela ku-1 tsp. ngaphambi kokulala izinyanga ezingu-6-10. Leli khambi liqinisa amasosha omzimba;
  2. I-decoction yamagilebhisi omnyama azosiza ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela. Ngalokhu, ama-2 g amajikijolo aqoshiwe ayashiswa ilitha lamanzi abilayo, akhanyiwe futhi ahlungiwe. Thatha u-300 tbsp. l. Izikhathi ezi-1 ngosuku;
  3. 3 Ungakhulula ukuphefumula okunokhahlo ngobisi lomkhiwane. Ukuze uyilungiselele, udinga amakhiwane ayi-10 nelitha elilodwa lobisi. Hlanganisa izithako bese ubila emlilweni omncane imizuzu emihlanu, uphuze emini njengetiyi;
  4. 4 ungaqeda ukukhwehlela nge-honey compress. Gcoba uju endaweni engemuva nasesifubeni, faka ucezu lwendwangu oswakanyiswe nge-vodka ngaphezulu (ezinganeni, thela i-vodka ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1), umboze nge-polyethylene ngaphezulu;
  5. 5 Bilisa 1/3 inkomishi yama-walnut kernels ku-0,5 litre wewayini elibomvu elinoshukela obomvu, epholile, engeza 2 tbsp. uju. Thatha isipuni esingu-1 ngaphambi kokulala;
  6. 6 50 g wezinhlamvu ze-oat ezingafakwanga zifakwa kwilitha elilodwa lobisi ihora, ukuhlunga, ukupholisa, engeza isipuni esingu-1 soju, uphuze 1 ingilazi efudumele;
  7. 7 mix 100 g of fresh cottage shizi kanye 1 tbsp. uju, faka isisindo esilungisiwe ngemuva nasesifubeni, ngaphandle kwendawo yenhliziyo. Gcina i-compress imizuzu engama-30;
  8. 8 gcoba isifuba nomhlane ngamafutha enziwe nge-wax namafutha engulube ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 4;
  9. Itiye eli-9 elenziwe ngamahips okomisiwe anezinyosi;
  10. 10 lapho ukhwehlela, “mogul-mogul” isiza kahle; ngokulungiselela kwayo, gaya izikhupha zamaqanda enkukhu noshukela kuze kube ingxube iphindwe kathathu.

Imikhiqizo eyingozi futhi eyingozi ye-pneumoconiosis

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-pneumoconiosis, lokhu kudla okulandelayo kufanele kukhishwe ekudleni:

  • ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwetafula usawoti;
  • iziphuzo ezidakayo;
  • ikhofi elinamandla nokhokho;
  • inyama enamafutha kanye nebhotela;
  • gcina imikhiqizo eseqediwe;
  • isoda elimnandi;
  • amasoso ashisayo nemayonnaise;
  • ama-snack, ama-chips kanye nama-crackers;
  • ukudla okuthosiwe nokubhema;
  • inyama kanye nama-broth fish broth;
  • izithelo ezine-fiber;
  • ushokoledi;
  • ukudla okusemathinini namasoseji;
  • ukhilimu oyiqhwa.
Imithombo yolwazi
  1. Herbalist: zokupheka zegolide zemithi yesintu / Comp. A. Markov. - M.: Eksmo; Iforamu, 2007 .- 928 k.
  2. Incwadi yokufunda ye-Popov AP Herbal. Ukwelashwa ngamakhambi okwelapha. - I-LLC "U-Factoria". EYekaterinburg: 1999.— 560 k., Ill.
  3. I-pneumoconioses, umthombo
  4. I-Carbon pneumoconiosis kusisebenzi sokwenziwa se-graphite,
Ukuphrinta kwezinto

Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma iyiphi into ngaphandle kwemvume yethu ebhaliwe akuvunyelwe.

Imithetho yokuphepha

Abaphathi ababophezelekile kunoma imuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa noma iyiphi iresiphi, iseluleko noma ukudla, futhi futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi imininingwane ebekiwe izokusiza noma ikulimaze wena uqobo. Hlakanipha futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi uthintane nodokotela ofanele!

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!

Ukudla okunomsoco kwezinye izifo:

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