Physalis

Lapho kufika ikwindla, izingadi zibukeka njengama-watercolor, lapho othile athele khona upende obomvu, ophuzi, nowolintshi ngenxa ye-physalis. Izinhlansi nemivimbo kuhlobisa konke - izihlahla, amahlathi, ngisho notshani. Okokuqala, i-physalis ingumbambiqhaza ophelele kwi-extravaganza e-orange-yellow - isitshalo esihle esibonakala sikhanya ngokugqamile futhi sifana kakhulu namalambu aseChina.

Ngendlela, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ukuthi ingcindezi kufanele iwele kuhlamvu lokuqala - iFizalis ngoba igama lesayensi lesiLatin lesi sitshalo nguPhýsalis. Kepha abantu bavame ukuyibiza ngama-cranberries obumba noma amajikijolo e-emerald. Ngempela, ukuba nefomu eliyindilinga leli "berry" eliluhlaza, ngemuva kokuvuthwa kuthola imibala ehlukahlukene, lifakwe egobolondweni elikhanyayo elifana nebhamu elenziwe ngezinhlangothi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama lesiLatini elithi Physalis lihunyushwa futhi lisho ukuthi "bubble."

ulwazi oluvamile

Uhlobo loPhysalis (Phýsalis) lungolomndeni kaSolanaceae (nightshade), kososayensi bomndeni abafanayo - abezentela bahlanganisa utamatisi, amazambane, isitshalo seqanda, i-datura, ne-henbane. Kodwa-ke, leli “bubble” eliwolintshi likhulu phakathi kokunye; isiqu sawo sikwazi ngisho nokuhlunga. Ihlukile kwamanye amalungu omndeni nge-pericarp yayo ehlukile, enhle. Njengethoshi elikhanyayo, leli bhokisi liyisembozo esakhiwa ama-sepals ahlanganisiwe embali yangaphambili.

Ukubukeka okumangalisayo nokwangempela, ikhono lokulisebenzisa njengesitshalo semifino futhi ulisebenzisele izivakashi njenge-dessert yezithelo, ukuhlobisa kuze kube sekwindla sekwedlule - konke kuhle nge-physalis.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke utshani bubble buvela eNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi; inqwaba yayo ikhula ePeru, eColombia; i-physalis nayo iyakhula njengesitshalo eMexico, eGuatemala, eVenezuela. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sine-thermophilic kakhulu, sizizwa sikhululeke kakhudlwana ezindaweni ezifudumele, sithuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha ngokuya zanda nezici ezithuthukisiwe.

Izinganekwane, izinganekwane nezinkolelo-ze

UFizalis uyindumezulu. Nansi enye yezinganekwane:

Umhlaba awulokhu ubuswa ukukhanya ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kwake kwenzeka into embi - iLanga elihle lanyamalala emathunjini eDrako. Ubumnyama bawela phansi; ukufa kwaba namandla. Impilo ime; konke okuphilayo kufihliwe, labo abebengenaso isikhathi - bafa, ubuze buwugwinyile umhlaba. Kodwa kwakukhona indoda eyanquma ukwehlula isidalwa esesabekayo, yakhulula iLanga yabuya uNjabulo noKhanya. Waya kuDrako ngezandla ezingenalutho futhi wakhanyisa indlela yakhe kuphela ngethoshi elincane.

Umzabalazo wawusabeka, kwabubula izintaba nemifula, kepha u-Evil kufanele ajeziswe njalo. NeSilo lawa, ladedela iLanga ekujuleni kwalo. Yavutha okomlilo omkhulu, ibonakala elantini elincane elilahlwe yiBrave, yaphindaphinda ikhulu, ukuKhanya kwasakazeka phezu kotshani, kwaphenduka isibani samalambu akhanyayo angakaze abonwe. UFizalis wazalwa.

Yimbewu yesitshalo enamandla amakhulu. Uma uzibamba ngesandla sakho, yenza isifiso esithandwa kakhulu, bese uzitshala - konke kuzogcwaliseka nakanjani. Kepha lapho i-physalis iphakama futhi iqala ukukhuphuka, izodonsela abantu abalungile, ngoba abesifazane abasebasha - abathembisene, umusa nobuhle kuzobusa endlini.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle, kufanele ubeke kahle i-physalis. Emakhoneni amnyama, avaliwe, imbali ingalahlekelwa amandla ayo; kungcono ukuyibeka elangeni.

“Izibani” ezomile efasiteleni noma ezilenga emnyango zizovikela indlu ebubini.

Izici zebotanical nezinhlobonhlobo ze-physalis

Imifino

Kwehliswe ezinhlotsheni zaseMexico eziqinile, ezingamakhaza. Inesiqu segatsha esinamaqabunga aphuzi aphuzi, ansomi, noma aluhlaza. Izithelo zale physalis zinkulu, zinemibala ehlukene; kuye ngokuhlukahluka, isisindo sifinyelela kuma-80 g. Ukuzidla, kungcono ukukhipha uqweqwe.

ijikijolo

Elinye igama lokuhlukahluka iberry. Ekuqaleni ivela eNingizimu Afrika. Izithelo azikhulu kakhulu, zifinyelela ku-10 g, kepha zimnandi, ngandlela thile ukunambitheka kwe-sitrobheli, ngaphandle komunyu, umbala omuhle ophuzi noma owolintshi.

okuhlobisa

Imvamisa, iyakhula ezindlini zokuhlala zasehlobo, futhi abantu bayayisebenzisa njengomhlobiso wasekwindla wemibhede yezimbali. Kungaba phezulu noma phansi, kuhlotshiswe ngama-bellflowers amhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi abomvu. Kepha okuhlobisa kakhulu kusondela ekwindla - awukwazi ukususa amehlo akho ezihlokweni ezinhle ezinamalambu amaningi anemibala (evame ukugqama iwolintshi).

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-physalis

Izinhlobo zemifino

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-physalis ikhula njengesitshalo semifino. Isibonelo, eMexico, abantu basebenzisa utamatisi njengoba sijwayele, bangeze ezitsheni zenyama, futhi balungise izitshulu. Sizothola ngezansi lapho sibukeza izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ukuhlukanisa i-physalis edliwayo nengadleki.

UGribovsky

Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, futhi ikhula ngaphandle. Inezithelo ezimuncu, eziluhlaza okotshani, ezifana kakhulu notamatisi. Ukunambitheka nakho kuyafana, kumuncu kancane. Kwehluka ukumelana okubandayo kanye nokuchichima kwesithelo.

I-Physalis Kinglet

Mude (kufika ku-80 cm), umile ehlathini, unamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani nezimbali eziphansi. Izithelo zikhulu, zinoshukela, futhi zimuncu, zilungele ukutomotwa; ungenza ngisho newayini lokuzenzela kubo. Ukuvumela kakhulu - kufika ku-5 kg ​​ehlathini ngalinye. Kunconywa uhlobo olumelana namakhaza okuvuthwa kusenesikhathi ukuze lukhule ezimeni zoMzila Ophakathi.

I-Physalis Tomatillo

Ihluka ngohlobo olunambitheka olubabayo lwezithelo eziluhlaza okotshani. Kuhle ekuphekeni (ukulungiselela nokulungiselela ukuwafaka, ukwenza amasoso, kuhambisana kahle nopelepele omnandi, i-basil, i-cilantro). Kusheshe kwanele (kufika ezinsukwini ezingama-95 ngemuva kokuhluma).

Izinhlobonhlobo zinikeza isivuno esivuthiwe sokuqala. Isithelo sikhula sibe ngosayizi omkhulu, umbala ophuzi omuhle, futhi simnandi impela. Uhlelo lokusebenza lubanzi - ungapheka ama-confectionery womabili (ukugcwalisa ophaya, ama-marmalade), nama-pickle, amasaladi.

Izinhlobo zamajikijolo e-physalis

ijikijolo

Isitshalo eside, esihle esifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-75 cm. Izithelo zincane, zimnandi ngombala (kusuka ophuzi kuye ku-amber), ukunambitheka, nephunga lama-strawberry wangempela. Isetshenziswa ekuphekeni lapho kulungiswa izitsha ezimnandi - le dessert enhle kakhulu, i-ice cream enhle kakhulu. Ungenza ujamu nokuwafaka emathinini.

Columbus

Ukuhlukahluka kwe-thermophilic, kunconywa ukuthi kukhule ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Ivuthwa sekwedlule isikhathi kodwa idume ngokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwepectin. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa njenge-dessert entsha, kodwa eguquguqukayo - abantu bayayisebenzisa ngezikhala futhi.

Ukumangala okumangazayo

Izinhlobonhlobo zinezimpova ezizimele, azithobeki kakhulu (ziyamelana nokubanda nokushisa ngokweqile), ukuvuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngenxa yokuba senkingeni kokuqina kwayo, inegama lesibili - "pubescent." Ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngezimbali eziphuzi ezithakazelisayo, yakha izithelo eziningi ezinambitheka kamnandi. Yize usayizi ophakathi nendawo (kuphela u-1.5-2 g), amajikijolo anamanzi amaningi, uju; zifana uphayinaphu ngokunambitheka nephunga. Ukusetshenziswa kuyindawo yonke.

Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ze-physalis

Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwe-physalis futhi kunabazithandayo abaningi; "izibani" zayo engadini zibukeka zinomkhosi omkhulu. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi izithelo zalezi zinhlobo azikwazi ukudliwa - zinobuthi.

UFizalis Franchet

Isitshalo esihle esikhula sifike kumitha, ngeziqu eziqondile, ezizacile, ezihlotshiswe ngamalambu amakhulu - aze afike ku-8 cm. Okukhulu kakhulu ukuthi iFranchet isitshalo esingapheli.

UFizalis Alkekengi

Futhi, okungapheli, iziqu ziyi-pubescent, inamalambu amaningi akhanyayo asezingeni eliphakathi, ageza ehlathini ngokoqobo.

Amathiphu okunakekela i-Physalis

Ubunzima bokutshala nokunakekela i-physalis buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo. Izinhlobo ezingapheli nezonyaka zinezidingo ezihluke kakhulu.

Ukutshala i-physalis: nini futhi kanjani?

I-physalis yonyaka

Ikhula kusuka enzalweni. Kungcono ukuyikhulisa ngendlela yesithombo kulayini ophakathi nendawo nasenyakatho. Ngalokhu, kwenye indawo ngoMashi, imbewu ifaka ku "Epin" noma i-sodium permanganate (ye-disinfection) amahora amaningana, nasephepheni le-gauze noma lemifanekiso kuze kuvele izimpande, bese iya phansi. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, imbewu ingaya ngqo emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokudlula kwesithwathwa ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo, izitshalo ezincane ziyaphela, kubhekwa ibanga (okungenani u-20-30 cm).

Izinhlobo ezingapheli

Izindlela ezisemqoka zokukhula okungapheli kwe-physalis zihlukanisa i-rhizome nokuxhunyelelwa.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome.

Inqubo kuhle ukuyenza entwasahlobo nasekwindla, i-physalis iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokungenelela okunjalo. Ukuze uhlukanise isihlahla, kuyadingeka, ngemuva kokususa ungqimba lomhlaba, ukuhlukanisa i-rhizome ibe izingxenye ezi-2-3 ngehalavu elibukhali, khetha ingxenye ehlukanisiwe yesihlahla, bese uyifaka emgodini.

Amanzi amaningi.

Izithelo. Uma usika iziqongo zamahlumela ehlobo, ungathola izitshalo eziningi ezinezakhiwo ezifanayo zomama. I-cuttings kufanele ibe namahlumela okungenani ama-3. Ngemuva kokutshala ukusika enhlabathini ukuze ingxenye yesithathu yamahlumela isemhlabathini kanye nezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ngaphezulu, kuyadingeka ukulinda ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele. Ukusheshisa inqubo, ungenza i-mini-greenhouse noma umboze ukusika okutshalwe ngepulasitiki. Ngemuva kokuthi umgadi wensimu enze isiqiniseko sokuthi ukhula lwenkohlakalo luyenzeka, ususa indawo yokukhosela - i-greenhouse.

Umanyolo we-physalis usezingeni elifanele

Ngokukhula okukhulu kanye nohlaza (entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo), lesi sitshalo kumele sibe nomanyolo onamandla wemvelo. I-Humus, umquba, umlotha onezengezo ezincane zikamanyolo wezimboni zezimboni ulungele kahle. Izixazululo zomquba waseMullein nezinkukhu kuhle ukuzisebenzisa ngemuva kokuvutshelwa nokuxazululwa.

Ekuqaleni kwezimbali - phinda uhlelo olungenhla.
Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna, kuhle ukucebisa isitshalo nge-potassium nezinto eziphilayo.

Ukushisa nokukhanyisa

I-Physalis isitshalo esifudumele nesithanda ukukhanya. Uma umgadi wensimu enquma ukutshala i-physalis futhi athole isivuno esikhulu, lapho-ke kuyadingeka:

• yitshale ezindaweni ezigqame kakhulu kusayithi, futhi ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezingamelana namakhaza;
• kumakhaza amabi kakhulu, vala ngendwangu ekhethekile, futhi, kuphela ngokufudumala okuzinzile, kulungile ukususa.

Ukunisela i-physalis

Ukunisela - kulinganisela futhi kuzinzile ngamanzi ahleliwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Ehlobo, uma isimo sezulu singeyona imvula, ungayinisela nsuku zonke noma ngalo lonke olunye usuku; ngokwesilinganiso, kanye ngesonto kwanele.

Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zithembeke kakhulu ezimweni zokutshala, njenganoma yiziphi izitshalo ezingapheli ezitshalwe kulayini ophakathi. Ngamanye amagama ama-rhizomes abo angamelana nezimo ezingezinhle, noma ngabe akusikho isikhathi sezulu esibanda kakhulu.

Idlulisela i-physalis

Kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-7-9, i-perennial physalis kufanele ithole ukuvuselelwa. Ukuze uvuselele i-rhizome ihlukaniswe izingxenye ze-3-4, futhi kufanele uyidlulisele emigodini enenhlabathi evundile evulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukutshala kuyanyathelwa futhi kuniselwe kakhulu. Kuhle ukwenza le nqubo entwasahlobo; futhi kuholela kumphumela omuhle ekwindla. Kepha into esemqoka ukungabi sekwephuzile. I-rhizome kufanele igxile endaweni entsha, ibeke phansi izimpande ezintsha.

Izihlahla

Kunengqondo ukunciphisa kuphela i-physalis engapheli yokuhlobisa. Abalimi basika yonke ingxenye yomhlaba. I-rhizome igxiliwe kancane futhi iyahlanganiswa.

Ubusika

Ubusika obungapheli be-physalis buhlala kahle ezimeni ze-Middle Belt ngisho nasenyakatho. I-Rhizome igxiliwe ngemuva kokuthena; ukuthola ukuthula kwengqondo, ungayimboza ngamagatsha esihlahla sonwele noma ngezinto ezingalukiwe.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza zePhysalis

Imbewu

Imbewu ikhiqiza amafomu wonyaka - izinhlobo zemifino namajikijolo. Ngemuva kokuhluma, izithombo ziyatshuza, zikhule ezimweni zegumbi noma ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Abantu bawutshala emhlabathini ngokufudumala okuzinzile.

Izinhla

Indlela yokusabalalisa ye-physalis yokuhlobisa ngokubeka ilula futhi iyasebenza. Ukwenza lokhu, entwasahlobo, ingxenye ye-rhizome enamahlumela amasha iya endaweni entsha.

Izisiki zenziwa njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Physalis isitshalo esingathobeki esinokuzivikela okunamandla.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ingahlushwa izifo zefungal, kanye nokuvuthwa okungakafiki kwezithelo.

Iphinde idinga ukwakheka. Ukuthola isivuno esihle, lesi sitshalo sakhiwa ngokuncinza iziqongo, ngoba lapho amagatsha amakhulu edubula, kulapho kuzoba khona izindawo zokubeka iziqu zezithelo.

Uma ihlobo lingathandeki ngokwezimo zezulu, i-physalis is spud yokwandisa ukumelana nezifo futhi ithuthukise ukuvuthwa kwesivuno.

Izifo nezinambuzane

UPhysalis ungomunye wabamele iSolanaceae, kepha ingagula. Ukutheleleka kwezitshalo ikakhulukazi kuyikhunta futhi kunegciwane.

Mosaic

I-Physalis isheshe ichithe; ngokoqobo "sidla" isitshalo, njenganoma yikuphi ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Alikho ikhambi; abantu abathintekile kumele babhujiswe ngokushesha. Insimu ibukeka ilusizi; izihlahla ziyafa, zigcwele izindawo ezibuhlungu ezijulile.

Ukulimala okwenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi

Ukutheleleka kwefungus okwedume kabi okungabhubhisa zonke izitshalo ngobusuku obubodwa nje. Izindlela eziningi zenzelwe ukulwa nalesi sihlava (isibonelo - iProton, iHom, iThanos). Ngeshwa, ukhunta uthelela lesi sitshalo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, futhi umuntu kufanele ahlaziye lokho okuzuzisa kakhulu umlimi - ukusebenzisa izithelo ezicutshunguliwe ukudla noma ukubhubhisa isifanekiso esinezifo.

Phakathi kwezinambuzane, okuyingozi kakhulu amabhere ne-wireworm. Ngenhlanhla, zingabhekelelwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zomdabu. Isibonelo, engeza umlotha wokhuni noma ubulongwe bezinyoni enhlabathini.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo nokuphikisana

Ukwakhiwa, inani lokudla okunempilo, okuqukethwe kwekhalori
Noma yisiphi isithelo se-physalis, imifino noma amajikijolo, siqukethe amavithamini amaningi nezinto ezincane. Inani elikhulu likavithamini C, uvithamini A (14% womthamo wansuku zonke odingekayo emzimbeni), ama-antioxidants, kanye nokwakheka okuhlukile kwamavithamini B kwenza isitshalo sibe semqoka ekudleni kwezokwelapha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izithelo ze-physalis zinama-calories aphansi; ngakho-ke, zingasetshenziswa ekudleni kokuphazamiseka komzimba, kuhambisana nesisindo eseqile. Ake sibhekisise ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nokulimaza okulethwa yilesi sitshalo.

Izici ezizuzisayo

Ukufanekisa izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-physalis, umuntu angasho umbono wabelaphi abadumile besintu:

• amatshe ezinso nasesinyeni - i-decoction yesithelo ngaphakathi;
• i-gout ne-edema - i-decoction yesithelo ngaphandle;
• ubovu ukuvuvukala - ijusi noma ukumnika. Amajikijolo amasha angasetshenziswa;
• ubuhlungu esiswini namathumbu - izithelo ezintsha puree;
• i-dermatitis - amafutha e-physalis (izithelo zomlotha ezixubene namafutha emifino).

Izimo ze-Physalis

Akukho ukuphikisana okukhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-physalis. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi, njenganoma yisiphi isithelo esimuncu, singabhebhethekisa iziguli ezine-gastritis. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqaphela ezigulini ezinokuphelelwa amandla yi-pancreatic kanye ne-gallbladder. Izinhlobo ezithandekayo kufanele zikhawulele abantu abanesifo sikashukela kwimenyu yabo.

Indawo yesicelo seFizalis

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ububanzi bukhulu ngokwanele. Ungasebenzisa ama-decoctions womkhuhlane, i-laryngitis, izifo zamaphaphu. Uphudingi onama-khalori aphansi ulungele ama-dieters.

I-Decoction

Faka u-30 g wezithelo ezomisiwe ku-0.5 l wamanzi bese upheka imizuzu emihlanu. Faka umthamo ongaba khona ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuze uthole izifo zezinso nezesinye.

Amafutha

Izithelo ezomisiwe (100 g) zishiswa emlilweni ovulekile kuze kutholakale umlotha. Gaya bese uhlunga umlotha. Hlanganisa namafutha omnqumo amancane uze uthole ukuvumelana kwamafutha. Sebenzisa ukwelapha amanxeba, imifantu, kanye nesikhumba.

Izindlela zokupheka zePhysalis

Usawoti

Nge-1 kg yomsebenzi

• Izithelo - 1 kg;
• I-Dill - 50 g;
• Impande ye-Horseradish - ukunambitha;
• I-garlic - ama-clove amathathu;
• I-pepper eshisayo ukunambitha;
• Usawoti - 50-60 g;
• Iqabunga le-Currant - ama-5-7 ama-pcs .;
• I-Tarragon - amagatsha amaningana;
• I-Cilantro - imbewu engu-7-10;
• Amanzi - 1 litre.

Ikhasi izithelo, hashaza, indawo izimbiza inzalo. Lungisa i-brine - bilisa zonke izinongo nosawoti elitha lamanzi. Thela konke nge-brine, beka ugarlic ogayiwe lapho. Shiya izimbiza endaweni efudumele isonto lonke. Hlola inqubekela phambili yokuvutshelwa nsuku zonke. Lapho i-brine iphenduka imuncu, yikhiphe bese uyibilisa kaningana. Thela okuqukethwe izimbiza nge-brine ebilayo, ugoqe, ugoqe. Gcina endaweni epholile.

caviar

• Izithelo ze-Physalis - 1 kg;
• Anyanisi - 500 g;
• Izaqathe - 500 g;
• Impande yeparsley - 200-300 g;
• Usawoti ukunambitha;
• Ushukela ukunambitha;
• I-garlic - ama-clove amathathu;
• Upelepele omnyama omnyama -1/2 isipuni.

Okokuqala, lungiselela yonke imifino kanye gazinga emafutheni omifino. Faka yonke into esitsheni, engeza ezinye izithako, bila. Gaya nge-blender, epholile. Khonza ngenyama noma ngenkukhu.

Ekuphetheni - I-Physalis, isitshalo esihle, ayisatshalaliswa kabanzi futhi ayifanele ngokuphelele. Kepha wonke umthandi wobuhle, uma elokotha ukutshala "i-bubble" enhle ye-physalis, nakanjani uzoklonyeliswa ngomsebenzi wokutshalwa kwawo ngokukhanya okukhazimulayo kwezibani zaseChina ezinsukwini ezinamafu ekwindla, iphunga elimnandi lejamu exotic namakhukhamba anongwe vusa isifiso sokudla.

Amathiphu amaningi wokuthi ungayidla kanjani i-physalis kuvidiyo engezansi: