Okuqukethwe
Ngaphandle kokubhekana nezifo, asiqapheli ngokudla kwethu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele athinte kuphela kulezi zinkinga, sifuna izindlela nezindlela zokubuyisa umzimba. Umzila olula wokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi noma amanye amakhambi ayisimangaliso uvame ukuba ngowesikhashana futhi uhambisana nemiphumela emibi eminingi. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu futhi hhayi ezinzima ukusebenzisa ingacatshangelwa ukudla kwezempilo, ikakhulukazi njengoba umphumela wayo ungathwala umsebenzi wokuvikela. Ukusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezindlela zokubuyisela umzimba kuhlangene nomsoco wezokwelapha kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa, ngoba iningi lezifo liwumphumela wokusetshenziswa okungafanele nokungenamkhawulo.
Umlando wesenzeko
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babefuna izindawo zokwelapha ekudleni. EGibhithe naseRoma lasendulo, bakha imibhalo yesandla emayelana nokudla okunempilo, okukhona nanamuhla. Emibhalweni yakhe, uHippocrates wayevame ukubhala ngokuphulukiswa kokudla. Ubalule ukubaluleka kwendlela yomuntu ngamunye yokunquma indlela yokudla ekwelapheni, kucatshangelwa ubucayi besifo, iminyaka yomuntu, imikhuba yakhe, isimo sezulu, ngisho.
Encwadini edumile ethi "Canon of Medicine", usosayensi wenkathi ephakathi weTajik u-Ibn-Sina wachaza imibono yakhe ngokubaluleka kokudla, ikhwalithi, umthamo kanye nesikhathi sokudla. Kulo msebenzi, unikeze izeluleko ezisebenzayo, ikakhulukazi, endabeni yokuba wusizo nokuba mnandi kokudla okudliwayo. Kamuva u-MV Lomonosov emisebenzini yakhe wafunda ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha zemikhiqizo. Wasebenzisa lolu lwazi ekudwebeni izincomo zokudla okunomsoco wohambo lwase-polar kanye namatilosi.
Ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, ososayensi abaningi baseYurophu naseSoviet abanjengoNI Pirogov, SP Botkin, FI Inozemtsev, IE Dyakovsky baqala ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe izici zokwelapha zokudla. Izindlela ezihlukene zenzelwe ukwelapha izifo ezithile ngemikhiqizo ethile, isibonelo, imikhiqizo yobisi. Ukukhuthazwa kwezindaba zokudla okunempilo ebuthweni laseSoviet kungokwa-NI Pirogov. Wanaka kakhulu ukunciphisa imikhiqizo ye-carbon ekudleni kwezempi, wathuthukisa ukudla okukhethekile kwamasosha alimele. Umphumela waba ukudalwa kwesiqondiso esiphelele ku-dietetics. I-Nervism yachazwa emisebenzini yesayensi ye-13 futhi yayihlanganisa nezindaba zokudla okunomsoco ezifweni eziningi ezinzima, wayengowokuqala ukugxila esidingweni samaprotheni ekudleni, futhi wathola izindawo zokwelapha. Esikhathini samanje, umphakathi wesayensi, othuthukisa i-biochemistry kanye nesayensi yamangqamuzana, uye wakwazi ukufeza ucwaningo lokudla okunempilo ezingeni lamaselula kanye ne-subcellular.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokudla okunempilo
Umthetho oyinhloko ungabizwa ngokubuyiselwa kokulinganisela komzimba okungenzeka ukuthi uhlaselwe yizifo ngokulungiswa kwamakhemikhali, ngokomzimba nangokwama-bacteriological balance. Isici esiyinhloko emsebenzini ukuxilongwa okunembile kwalesi sifo kanye nezici zomzimba othile. Imvamisa, ukudla kwezempilo kusetshenziswa ngokuhlangana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha: i-pharmacology, i-physiotherapy nokunye.
Ngokuya ngesimo, ukudla kunikezwa indima yezindlela eziyisisekelo noma ezengeziwe zokwenza ngcono impilo. Ukuncika ekusebenzeni komzimba, umsoco wokwelashwa wakhiwe ngendlela yezabelo zansuku zonke, ezibizwa ngokuthi ukudla. Imingcele eyinhloko yokudla kufanele ibhekwe njengokuqukethwe kwekhalori, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ivolumu, izici zokucubungula kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa izingxenye.
Ukudla kokwelapha kwakhiwa kucatshangelwa izidingo zomuntu siqu zomzimba: kucatshangelwa ukuguquguquka kwempilo yomuntu, kubalwa okuqukethwe kwekhalori kokudla. Umthamo ophelele wokudla ngokuphathelene nomgodi wesisu ubalwa, uhlela umuzwa wokusutha. Ukunqunywa kwezigaba zokunambitha, kucatshangelwa izintandokazi zomuntu othile. Ukukhethwa kokucutshungulwa kahle kwemikhiqizo ukuze kubonakale ukunambitheka kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokudla okunomsoco. Ukuthola amandla okuguquguquka nokujwayelekile kokudla, njengoba isikhathi salokhu kudla akufanele sinwetshwe. Lokhu kubonakala ezimisweni ezimbili ezidumile ekwelashweni kokudla. Ukonga kusho ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ethuthukisa futhi esheshisa inqubo yesifo. Futhi Ukuzivocavoca kumayelana nokuxegisa ukudla ukuze kubuyele ekudleni okugcwele.
Ngokuya kokudla, into esemqoka ukuvikela amakhefu phakathi kokudla amahora angaphezu kwama-4, naphakathi kokudla kwasekuseni nokudla kwasekuseni amahora ayi-10, lokhu kuhambisana nokudla okune kuya kweziyisithupha ngosuku. Isikhathi sokudla siyalungiswa kucatshangelwa izakhiwo zebhayoloji zomzimba, kanye nesifo esithile. Ukubeka imithetho engenhla ngokulandelana, kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezimbili: okuyisisekelo nokudla. Kusho ukwenza ukudla okwenzelwe wena komuntu othile, noma ukusebenzisa indlela yokudla efakazelwe futhi esebenzayo, ngokulandelana.
Izinhlangano zethu zezokwelapha kanye ne-prophylactic ikakhulukazi zisebenzisa uhlelo lokudla olwakhiwe yi-State Institute of Nutrition. Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi unikeze ngokushesha nangempumelelo ukudla inani elikhulu labantu ngesikhathi esifanayo. Iqukethe izikimu zokudla eziyi-15, okusho umehluko noma umphumela wokuthulula emzimbeni. Zinezimpawu ezilula ukukhetha ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ngokungaguquki ukudla okudingekile ngokwezinkomba zokusetshenziswa, umsebenzi wokwelapha, okuqukethwe kwekhalori nokwakheka kwezinto zamakhemikhali, izici zokupheka, uhlobo lokudla kanye nohlu lwezitsha ezinconyiwe. Endabeni yencazelo eyengeziwe, okuthandwayo kunikezwa emikhiqizweni ephethe izinto ezithile zokwelapha: i-cottage shizi, ama-apula, ikhabe, ubisi. Ngezifo eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kokudla okubabayo, ukudla okusemathinini, ugwayi, ukudla okunamafutha kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zenyama kuvame ukunqunyelwa.
Amaqhinga okudla
- Indlela ye-Stepwise kusho ukwanda kancane kokudla okuqinile kwangaphambilini ngokususa imingcele ngokwengxenye. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ungeze okuhlukahlukene futhi wehlise ukusabela okungekuhle komuntu ekudleni. Ukulawulwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngemiphumela yethonya esimweni somzimba.
- AmaZigzags, umehluko Kusho ushintsho olungazelelwe nolwesikhashana ekudleni. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zizinhlobo ezimbili: + amazombe futhi - zig Zag, ukwengeza nokunciphisa imikhiqizo yokudla engenawo umphumela wokwelapha emsebenzini wabo. Isigaba esisodwa se-zigzag sibandakanya ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi esisodwa ekudleni usuku olu-1 ngeviki, noma izinsuku eziyishumi. Le ndlela ingakhuphula isifiso somuntu sokudla futhi inciphise ukucindezeleka ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokudla okwelaphayo.
Ezimweni eziningi, izindlela ezichazwe zisetshenziswa zihambisana nezindlela zokuvimbela nokwelapha.
Amacala athile wokudla okwelashwa
Endabeni yokwelapha uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, ukudla kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha umzimba. Ezifweni ezingapheli zamathumbu, inkinga enkulu ekwenzeni ukudla kungukuqukethwe kwamaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali ekudleni (bheka). Ezigulini ezingapheli zesibindi, ukudla kulungiswa ukuze kugcwalise umzimba ngamaprotheni nangoyela wemifino (). Uma kwenzeka izifo zesistimu yenhliziyo, ukwanda kwe-potassium, i-magnesium namavithamini emzimbeni kuyanda. Ku-rheumatism, ukuphuza ama-carbohydrate nosawoti kukalwe ngokuqinile, izinto ezibangela ukuthi zikhishwe. Ku-diabetes mellitus, ukutholakala kwama-carbohydrate ancibilika kalula njengoshukela noshukela kuyancipha. Uma kwenzeka izifo ezithathelwanayo, i-scarlet fever, noma i-pneumonia, ukudla okugaya kalula futhi okunama-khalori amaningi njengobisi kuyakhushulwa, okuqukethwe kwamavithamini kuyakhuphuka futhi kuthathwa uketshezi.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukugwema ukuphendukela ekudleni okwelapha kuletha imizwa engathandeki empilweni yomuntu, futhi lapha, yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukunaka kakhulu ekunciphiseni izici zokucindezeleka nokudala umuzwa wethonya elincane elikhawulelwe ekujwayelekile komuntu. ukudla. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudla okunomsoco wezokwelapha kubhekwa ngumuntu njengesidingo esinzima, futhi kulo mqondo kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ukudla okwamukelekayo kakhulu kumuntu ogulayo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezitsheni, ezinye izindlela ekukhethweni kwemikhiqizo zizosiza ekutholeni umphumela wokuphulukisa kuphela, kodwa futhi nokunciphisa umuzwa wohlaka lokudla.