I-scarlet fever. Umsoco we-scarlet fever

Yini i-scarlet fever

I-scarlet fever yisifo esithathelwanayo esiyingozi lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka, ukuqubuka kuvela esikhumbeni, futhi umphimbo uqala ukulimaza. Lesi sifo sibangelwa i-Streptococcus pyogenes, i-bacterium yohlobo lwe-beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

Amafomu omkhuhlane obomvu

I-scarlet fever iyenzeka:

• I-Extrapharyngeal. Ama-lymph nodes esifunda kanye ne-oropharynx ayathinteka, kodwa amathoni ahlala eqinile. Kunamafomu amabili:
  - atypical;
  – ejwayelekile.
• I-Pharyngeal:
  - atypical;
  – ejwayelekile.

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zesifo zingaba mnene, zilinganisele futhi zibe nzima. Ngomkhuhlane obomvu ovamile, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-38.5 ° C, kukhona umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuqhuma okuncane kubonakala emzimbeni. Inkambo elinganiselayo ihlale ihambisana nomkhuhlane ophezulu, i-purulent tonsillitis, izimpawu zokudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba kanye nokuqubuka okukhulu. I-scarlet fever eqinile, nayo, ihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezilandelayo:

• I-Septic. I-Necrotic angina iyakhula. Inqubo yokuvuvukala ithinta izicubu ezizungezile, i-nasopharynx, i-oropharynx, i-lymph nodes, i-palate.
• Ubuthi. Ukudakwa kushiwo (ukushaqeka okuthelelanayo-nobuthi kungakhula). Izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-41°C. Isiguli singase sibe nama-hallucinations, ukuduka, ukuquleka. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyenyuka ( tachycardia ). Ukuphalaza kungase kuqale.
• I-Toxic-septic. Izibonakalisa ngezimpawu zezimpawu zazo zombili izinhlobo ze-septic kanye nobuthi.

Umkhuhlane obomvu we-atypical uhlala uqhubeka kalula (enezimpawu ezisuliwe). Isiguli singase sibe bomvu kancane amathoni, kukhona ukuqubuka okukodwa esiqwini.

Izimbangela ze-scarlet fever

I-ejenti eyimbangela ye-scarlet fever ezinganeni nakubantu abadala i-beta-hemolytic streptococcus yeqembu. Umthombo wawo umthwali (umuntu akasoli ukuthi unegciwane) noma umuntu ogulayo. Iziguli ziyathelelana ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala. Ingozi yokudlulisela leli gciwane kwabanye inyamalala ngemva kwamasonto amathathu kuphela kuqale izimpawu.

Ngokwezibalo, i-15-20% yabantu ingabantu abathwali be-scarlet fever. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angaba umthombo wokutheleleka iminyaka eminingana.

I-Streptococcus idluliselwa ngamaconsi asemoyeni (i-aerosol mechanism) kanye nemizila yasendlini. Ngakho-ke, isiguli siyayidedela endaweni lapho sikhwehlela, sithimula, phakathi nengxoxo. Uma i-pathogen ingena ekudleni, umzila we-alimentary wokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo awukwazi ukukhishwa. Ngokuvamile, labo bantu abasondelene kakhulu nomthombo wokutheleleka batheleleka.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthinteka kwemvelo ku-Streptococcus pyogenes kuphezulu. Ukuzivikela komzimba okwenzeka kulabo asebevele bene-scarlet fever kuncike kuhlobo oluthile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingozi yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo ze-streptococcus isekhona.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-scarlet fever kubantu abadala nasezinganeni kwenzeka ekwindla nasebusika.

I-pathogenesis ye-scarlet fever

Ukutheleleka kungena emzimbeni ngolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwe-nasopharynx, umphimbo noma izitho zangasese (akuvamile kakhulu). Ngezinye izikhathi isango lokungena le-Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria lilimaza isikhumba.

Esizeni sokwethulwa kwe-pathogen, ukugxila kwendawo ezithathelwanayo kuyakhiwa. Ama-microorganisms aphindaphindeka kuwo akhiphela izinto ezinobuthi egazini. Ukudakwa okuthathelwanayo kuyakhula. Ukuba khona kobuthi egazini kuholela ekwandeni kwezitsha ezincane ezithweni zangaphakathi nasesikhumbeni. Kuvela isiqubu. Ngemva kwalokho, i-antitoxic immunity iqala ukwakha kumuntu onegciwane - ukuqubuka, kanye nezimpawu zokudakwa, kuyanyamalala.

Uma i-bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes ngokwayo ingena egazini, i-meninges, i-lymph nodes, izicubu zesifunda sesikhashana, insiza yokuzwa, njll. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-purulent-necrotic kukhula.

Izinto ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-scarlet fever

Izici ezinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sifo, odokotela bahlanganisa:

• isikhathi sekwindla-ebusika;
• kwehlisa amasosha omzimba;
• umkhuhlane, SARS;
• izifo ezingapheli ze-pharynx namathoni.

Izimpawu ze-scarlet fever kubantu abadala kanye nezingane

Isikhathi sokufakwa kwe-scarlet fever sisuka ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-12 (imvamisa izinsuku ezingama-2-4). Lesi sifo siqala kabi. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyakhuphuka, izimpawu zokudakwa okuvamile ziyavela :

• ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• ubuthakathaka;
• i-palpitations;
• ikhanda.

Ukushisa kungase kuhambisane nokulala nokunganaki , noma, ngokuphambene, ukujabula, ukwanda kokuhamba. Ngenxa yokudakwa, iningi labantu abanaleli gciwane liyahlanza.

Ezinye izimpawu ze-scarlet fever zihlanganisa:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu uma ugwinya . Amathoni, ama-arches olimi, ulwanga oluthambile kanye nodonga lwangemuva lwepharyngeal luba yi-hyperemic. Kwezinye izimo, i-follicular-lacunar tonsillitis iyenzeka. Khona-ke i-mucosa ihlanganiswe ne-plaque yemvelo e-purulent, necrotic noma ye-fibrous.
• Ukwandiswa kwama-lymph nodes esifunda. Ziba minyene kakhulu, zibe buhlungu ku-palpation.
• Ulimi olubomvu . Ngosuku lwe-4-5 lokugula, ulimi luthola umbala obomvu obomvu, i-plaque ebusweni bayo iyanyamalala. Kukhona i-papillary hypertrophy.
• Ukukhishwa kwezindebe ngombala obomvu (uphawu lwemfiva ebomvu kubantu abadala, isici sohlobo olunzima lwesifo).
• Ukuqubuka okuncane. Ivela ngosuku lwe-1-2 lokugula. Amaphuzu omthunzi omnyama akhiwa esikhumbeni sobuso nomzimba ongaphezulu, kamuva ezindaweni ezigobileyo zezingalo, amathanga angaphakathi, nezinhlangothi. Njengoba ziqina emiphethweni yesikhumba, zakha imigqa ebomvu emnyama. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuqubuka kuhlangana kube i-erytherma eyodwa enkulu.
• Ukungabikho kwama-rashes kunxantathu we-nasolabial (uphawu lukaFilatov). Kule ndawo, isikhumba, ngokuphambene nalokho, siba mnyama.
• Ukopha okuncane. Zakhiwa ngenxa yobuthakathaka bemithambo yegazi, ukukhama noma ukungqubuzana kwesikhumba esithintekile.

Ngosuku lwe-3-5, izimpawu ze-scarlet fever ziqala ukuncipha. I-rash iphenduka kancane kancane futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-9 inyamalala ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwakho, ukuxebuka kwesikhumba esincane kusala esikhumbeni (i-scaly-scaly ngokuvamile itholakala ezinyaweni nasezintendeni zezandla).

Kubantu abadala, i-scarlet fever ingaba ne-asymptomatic (ifomu elisuliwe). Isiguli siqaphela kuphela:

• ukuqubuka okuncane, okuphaphathekile okusheshe kuphele;
• i-catarr encane ye-pharynx.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifanayo, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha . Kulula ukuvimbela isifo kunokubhekana nemiphumela.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-scarlet fever

Isithombe esithile somtholampilo sivumela odokotela ukuthi benze ukuxilongwa okusekelwe kuphela ekuhlolweni komzimba kanye nedatha yenhlolokhono. Ukuxilongwa kwelabhorethri ye-scarlet fever kuhlanganisa inani eliphelele legazi, eliqinisekisa ukuba khona kokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya:

• ukwanda kwe-ESR;
• i-neutrophilic leukocytosis;
• ukushintsha kwefomula ye-leukocyte kwesokunxele.

I-RKA iyindlela yokuxilongwa okucacile kwe-scarlet fever kubantu abadala nasezinganeni.

Uma isiguli sinezinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lwe-cardiovascular, sithunyelwa ukuze kuboniswane nodokotela wenhliziyo futhi kunconywa ukwenza i-ultrasound ne-ECG yenhliziyo. Ngezibonakaliso ze-otitis media, ukuhlolwa kwe-otolaryngologist kuboniswa. Ukuhlola umsebenzi wesistimu yomchamo, kwenziwa i-ultrasound yezinso.

Ukwelashwa kwe-scarlet fever

Ngendlela enzima yenkambo yesiguli esinomkhuhlane obomvu, bafakwa esibhedlela. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukwelashwa ekhaya. Isiguli kufanele sibheke ukuphumula kombhede isonto elilodwa. Ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kube nokulinganisela. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwezimpawu ze-angina, okuthandayo kufanele kunikezwe izitsha ezi-semi-liquid nezithambile.

Ukuqeda umthelela omubi emzimbeni we-pathogen, i- "Penicillin" isetshenziswa kaningi, enqunyelwe inkambo yezinsuku eziyishumi. I-Cefazolin, i-Erythromycin, i-cephalosporins nama-macrolides esizukulwane sokuqala nayo ingasetshenziswa.

Uma kukhona ukuphikisana kule mithi elwa namagciwane, i-lincosamide noma i-penicillin yokwenziwa inqunywa. Ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kungase kuhlanganise nokuphathwa kanyekanye kwemithi elwa namagciwane ene-antitoxic serum (amalungiselelo amasosha omzimba enziwe ngegazi labantu bomzimba, izilwane).

Ukwelashwa kwendawo ye-scarlet fever kuhilela ukuxubha ngesisombululo se- "Furacilin" (ehlanjululwe ngesilinganiso se-1: 5000) noma ama-decoctions alungiselelwe ngamakhambi okwelapha (i-calendula, i-eucalyptus, i-chamomile).

Uma izimpawu zokudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba zivezwa, kubekwa ama-dropper anezixazululo ze-glucose noma i-gemodez. Uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwenhliziyo, ama-cardiological agents asetshenziswa, isibonelo, i-Camphor, i-Ephedrine, i-Cordamine.

Futhi, ukwelashwa kwe-scarlet fever kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwe:

• Izidakamizwa ze-Antihistamine ("Cetrin", "Loratadin") - zisiza ukukhipha ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokungezwani komzimba.
• Amalungiselelo okuhloswe ngawo ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi ("Galascorbin", "Ascorutin") - ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi yobuthi kuma-capillaries egazi.
• I-Antipyretics ("Ibuprofen", "Paracetamol") - yenza izinga lokushisa lomzimba lijwayelekile, liqede ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha.

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-physiotherapy ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-scarlet fever:

• Ukukhanya kwamathoni ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet (kunomthelela ekubhujisweni kwamagciwane).
• I-UHF-therapy (isheshisa ukuphulukiswa kwesikhumba esonakele, inomphumela ophikisayo wokulwa nokuvuvukala).
• Ukwelashwa kwe-centimeter wave (CMV) kwamathoni (ama-microwave asetshenziswa).
• I-KUV-therapy (ihlanza amathoni namathoni kusuka ku-plaque).
• I-Magnetic laser therapy (yandisa umsebenzi wamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba, ijwayele ukujikeleza kwegazi).

Amakhambi abantu ekwelapheni i-scarlet fever

Izindlela zokupheka zabantu zisiza ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle nge-scarlet fever:

• Geza impande ye-horseradish, yomile futhi usike ku-grater. Thela 1 litre lamanzi abilayo bese ugcizelela amahora amathathu. Gcoba umphimbo owumphumela izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku.
• Hlanganisa isigamu sengilazi yejusi ye-beetroot esanda kufakwa ne-1 tsp. apple cider uviniga, 1 tsp uju lwemvelo kanye nengxenye yengilazi yamanzi afudumele. Sebenzisa ukugoqa ngemva kokudla ngakunye.
• Ingxenye yengilazi yezimbali ze-calendula ithela i-1/2 litre lamanzi ashisayo bese ubilisa emanzini okugeza isigamu sehora. Gcoba i-gauze emhluzeni ovelayo futhi usebenzise ku-rash.
• 1 tsp gaya i-propolis bese uthele ingilazi yobisi. Gcina emanzini okugeza imizuzu engu-15. Phuza ngaphambi kokulala, ngemva kokugeza umphimbo.
• Hlanganisa i-licorice ne-ginger powders ngokulingana okulinganayo. 1 tbsp ingxube ewumphumela uthele 1 tbsp. amanzi abilayo. Shiya ukufaka isigamu sehora. Khafa uphuze.
• Hlanza futhi unqume impande ye-parsley. Thela i-spoonful of imifino 1 tbsp. amanzi abilayo. Shiya imizuzu engu-20-25. Gcoba nge-cheesecloth. Thatha 3 tbsp. Izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku.
• I-tbsp engu-1 hlambulula i-citric acid engilazini yamanzi afudumele. Gcoba ngesixazululo esiwumphumela izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku. Ibuye ivunyelwe ukuhlafuna izingcezu zikalamula ngezikhathi ezithile.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!