Momordica

UMomordika umangaza ngokubukeka kwakhe. Lesi sitshalo esikhuphukayo esiyingqayizivele singesomndeni wamathanga futhi sikhiqiza izithelo ezingavamile. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ngabe imifino noma isithelo. Isithelo ngokwaso sibukeka njengemifino, futhi ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu egobolondweni, ebizwa ngamajikijolo. I-Momordica ikhula e-Australia, e-Afrika, e-India, e-Asia, eJapane, futhi naseCrimea. Bakubiza ngokuhlukile:

• umhlwayi obabayo
• ipomegranati laseNdiya
• ukukhuhla ikhukhamba
• ibhece lesiShayina
• ikhukhamba eliphuzi
• ikhukhamba ingwenya
• Eliphakathi kwebhalsamu
• ikhabe elisangene

Iziqu zeMomordica mncane futhi zigobile, njenge-liana, zingakhula zifike kumamitha amabili ukuphakama, amaqabunga mahle, asikiwe, aluhlaza okotshani. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali eziphuzi zobungqingili, lezo zesifazane zincane ngama-pedicel amafushane. Izimbali ziqala ngezimbali zesilisa futhi zinuka njenge-jasmine. Kukhona izinwele ezihlokweni eziluma njengezimbabazane futhi zihlale kuze kube yilapho izithelo zivuthwe ngokuphelele, ngemuva kwalokho ziyawa.

Izithelo ezinesikhumba esinezinduna, ezifana nengwenya, zikhula zifike ku-10-25 cm ubude futhi zifike ku-6 cm ububanzi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuvuthwa, ziguqula umbala wazo kusuka kokuluhlaza kuye ku-olintshi. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo, kufika ezinhlamvini ezinkulu ezingama-30, ezinegobolondo eliminyene elinombala we-ruby, linambitheka njenge-persimmon. Lapho i-momordica isivuthiwe, ivuleka ibe ngamacembe amathathu anamanzi bese imbewu iyawa. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele zinambitheka ebabayo futhi zivame ukuvunwa zingakavuthwa uma zicishe ziphuzi ngombala. UMomordica uvuthwa egumbini elipholile elikhanyayo.

Okuqukethwe kwekhalori le-melon ebabayo nge-100 g kungama-kcal ayi-19 kuphela.

Ngenxa yobukhona bezinto eziyigugu kakhulu ezisebenza ngokwemvelo ezinemiphumela enamandla yezinto eziphilayo, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa emithini yokwelapha emhlabeni wonke ukwelapha izifo ezimbi ezinhlobonhlobo, ikakhulukazi isifo sikashukela, kanye nomdlavuza nezinye izifo ezihambisana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala nokuphazamiseka komzimba. Lesi sitshalo singesinye sezikhundla eziyinhloko kwezokwelapha zaseMpumalanga, futhi izingxenye zaso zifakiwe emithini eminingi eqinisekisiwe emhlabeni jikelele. Imithi yanamuhla iqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinezinto ezibulala amagciwane, ama-antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antifertile, antitumor, hypoglycemic kanye ne-anticarcinogenic.

IMomordica iyikhambi elisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni leminye imishanguzo yokulwa nesifo sikashukela, njengoba lesi sitshalo sine-insulin efana ne-polypeptide-p noma i-p-insulin, elawula ngokwemvelo amazinga kashukela egazini.

Kanye nezinhlobo zendabuko zokuphuza izithako zokudla (amaphilisi, amaphilisi kanye namaphilisi), izinzuzo zekhabe elibabayo ukuthi izakhiwo zalo ezizuzisayo zigcinwa kahle eziphuzweni. Ezinye izithelo nemifino kungezwa ijusi leMomordica ukwenza ngcono ukunambitheka. Itiye lomunyu liyisiphuzo esithandwayo kwezokwelapha eJapan nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zeMomordica, ezingafani ngokunambitheka nosayizi wezithelo. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

• isiqinisekiso - isitshalo sinikeza isivuno esihle sezithelo ezifika kwezingama-50 ehlathini ngalinye. Ziyi-oval fusiform, zikhula zifike ku-15 cm ubude futhi zimbozwe ngaphezulu ngokuqagela kwepapillary. Izithelo ezi-orange ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele;
• ibhalsamu - enye yezinhlobo zokwelapha kakhulu, ezinezithelo ezincane zombala okhanyayo we-orange;
• izithelo ezinkulu - eziyindilinga nezikhulu zewolintshi;
• izithelo ezinde - izithelo ezinenani elikhulu lama-tubercles esikhwameni, zikhule zifike ku-20 cm ubude;
• I-Taiwan White - izithelo ezimhlophe, okuthi, uma sezivuthiwe, zingabi namunyu, kepha isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo siphansi;
• IJapan Izithelo ezinde ezinambitheka ocebile, ezifana kakhulu nama-persimmon, isisindo sesithelo esisodwa esifinyelela ku-400 g. Isitshalo sinesivuno esikhulu;
• I-Orange Peke isithelo esimnandi kakhulu sombala o-orenji okhanyayo onamaqhuqhuvana ambalwa esikhunjeni.
• Inani lokudla okunempilo

Kunama-calories ambalwa kakhulu ku-100 g wezithelo, angama-15 kuphela. I-Momordica icebile ngamavithamini C, A, E, B, PP, F, aqukethe izinto zokulandela ngomkhondo nezinto ezibalulekile emzimbeni womuntu:

• i-fiber yokudla - 2 g
• ama-carbohydrate - 4.32 g
• amaprotheni - 0.84 g
• I-lutein - 1323 mcg
• i-beta-carotene - 68 mcg
• i-ascorbic acid - 33 mg
• i-folic acid - 51 mg
• insimbi - 0.38 mg
• i-calcium - 9 mg
• potassium - 319 mcg
• i-phosphorus - 36 mg
• i-zinc - 0.77 mg
• i-magnesium - 16 mg

Izakhiwo eziwusizo nokulimaza

IMomordica isithelo esinempilo ngokweqile esiqinisa amasosha omzimba nokubona, sisuse ubuthi nobuthi emzimbeni. Igobolondo lembewu liqukethe uwoyela onamafutha ocebile nge-carotene; emzimbeni womuntu, le nto iguqulwa ibe uvithamini A. Imbewu iqukethe i-glycoside momordicin ebabayo nezinto ezehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini, i-lycopene iyi-antioxidant enhle, futhi isebenza njengokuvikela okuhle kwezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lapho wehlisa isisindo, izithelo ziyasebenza kakhulu futhi zisiza ukusheshisa imetabolism.

Ezimpandeni zeMomordica kunezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-rheumatism - triterpene saponins. Ucwaningo lwesimanje lukhombisa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamakhemikhali aqukethe isithelo zingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-hepatitis ne-HIV, ngenxa yomsebenzi we-antiviral kanye ne-antibacterial. Ososayensi baseMelika bathole ukuthi izinto ezisejusini leMomordica azimisi nje kuphela ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa futhi ziyawaqeda.

Akunconywa ukuthi udle izithelo nembewu kwezinye izimo:

• isikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation, izinto eziqukethe i-Momordica zingabangela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye ne-colic enganeni esanda kuzalwa;
• ukusabela okweqile komzimba;
• izifo zesisu namathumbu ngesikhathi sokukhula;
• izifo ze-thyroid gland.
• Imbewu yesithelo kufanele idliwe ngenani elithile ukugwema ubuthi. Ngokokuqala ngqa lapho uhlangana ne-momordica, zama isiqeshana esincane sesithelo, uma kungekho zimpawu zokungabekezelelani kokudla, ungakudla ngokujabula.

Isicelo kwezokwelapha

Ukukhishwa kwe-Momordica kusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukwelapha i-sarcoma, i-melanomas ne-leukemia, amathambo asiza ukuqeda ukukhukhumala, asetshenziselwa umkhuhlane nezinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ezigabeni zokuqala zezifo zesisu, ama-Momordica decoctions enza umsebenzi wama-antibiotic. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukwenziwa kwama-decoctions okwelapha kanye nokuthanjiswa kulungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni zesitshalo.

I-Momordica, imbewu yayo, izimpande namaqabunga kusiza ngezifo ezahlukahlukene:

• i-anemia
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• abandayo
• ukhwehlela
• isifo sesibindi
• ukusha
• induna
• psoriasis
• i-furunculosis
• Izingcaphuno ezivela esitshalweni zisetshenziswa ku-cosmetology, imikhiqizo ibushelelezi imibimbi futhi yandise ukunwebeka kwesikhumba.

I-Tincture yezithelo zemikhuhlane

Sika i-momordica ibe yizicucu ezincane, susa imbewu. Beka izithelo uzibeke embizeni engu-3-litre bese uthele ama-500 ml we-vodka. Vala isitsha ngesivalo bese ushiya endaweni emnyama amasonto ama-2.

I-tincture ithathwa kathathu ngosuku, 3 ithisipuni ngaphambi kokudla. Ikhambi elisebenzayo lomkhuhlane, imikhuhlane nokuqinisa amasosha omzimba.

I-seed decoction

Faka imbewu engama-20 esitsheni koqweqwe lwawo bese uthele ingilazi yamanzi abilayo. Gcina umlilo imizuzu eyi-10, susa esitofini bese ushiya ukuphuza ihora elilodwa, ukhiphe.

Thatha izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngosuku, ama-50 ml esimweni esibi.

Izicelo zokupheka

E-Asia, i-momordica isetshenziselwa ukudla kwendabuko. Amasobho, ukudla okulula kanye namasaladi kulungiswa ngezithelo, amahlumela namaqabunga amancane. Izithelo zidliwa zivuthiwe futhi zingavuthiwe. I-momordica ethosiwe kamnandi. Izithelo zengezwa ezitsheni zenyama nemifino, kanye nokudla okusemathinini okupheka. IMomordica ingesinye sezithako eziyinhloko zokhari wesizwe waseNdiya. Kumenyezelwa ujamu omnandi, iwayini, ugologo nogologo. Izimbewu zengezwa ku-confectionery, zinokunambitheka okungavamile kwe-nutty-tropical.

Isaladi iMomordica

Izithako:

Cwilisa i-momordica engenamanzi emanzini anosawoti imizuzu engama-30 ukususa umunyu.
Sika u-anyanisi ube amasongo ayisithupha, upelepele ube amasongo, khama i-momordica kancane emanzini bese usika izingcezu.
Fry anyanisi emafutheni nasesikhathini ngosawoti, engeza i-momordica nopelepele. Fry kuze kube yilapho zonke izithako sezenziwe.
Sika amaqabunga e-beet ubeke ipuleti, phezulu utamatisi osikiwe ngezicucu eziphakathi.
Isizini izithako kancane epuletini bese phezulu imifino sauteed. Thela amafutha asele phezu kwesaladi, uhlobise ngamaqabunga ama-momordica amancane.

Ukukhula ekhaya

Ngokwandayo, abantu bathatha i-momordica ekhulayo ekhaya, ngenxa yezithelo zayo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo, abaningi bayayithanda njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Ukukhula ezimbewini kuhlala kunika imiphumela eyi-100%, ngokungafani nokusika, futhi kunezigaba eziningana:

• khetha imbewu yombala omnyama, ezikhanyayo zibhekwa njengezincane futhi azifanele ukutshala;
• beka imbewu ekamelweni lokushisa imizuzu engama-30 kusixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate;
• thela isipuni esingu-1 soju lwemvelo engilazini yamanzi afudumele, cwilisa indwangu yendwangu kulolu ketshezi bese ugoqa imbewu kuyo. Beka imbewu amasonto amabili ukuze ihlume endaweni efudumele, ungasondela ebhetri. Hlanganisa i-napkin njengoba isoma;
• thatha izinkomishi ezimbalwa ze-peat bese ugcwalisa ngengxube ye-humus nenhlabathi yensimu ngesilinganiso se-3 kuye ku-1;
• fudumeza i-substrate yenhlabathi elungisiwe kuhhavini ngehora elingu-1 ukususa izinhlamvu nezinambuzane ezinokwenzeka;
• cindezela imbewu ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini onqenqemeni lokujula okungu-2 cm, ufafaze isihlabathi esibaliwe namanzi;
• beka izibuko ezikhwameni ezicacile noma umboze ngamabhodlela epulasitiki asikwe phakathi. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngezinga lomswakama elidingekayo. Gcina igumbi lokushisa lama-degree angama-20. Amahlumela kufanele avele emavikini amabili;
• lapho amahlumela evela, susa isembozo bese uthambisa umhlabathi usebenzisa ibhodlela lesifutho. Beka isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo. I-sill sill etholakala ohlangothini olusentshonalanga noma empumalanga ilungele kahle. Amahlumela akufanele abe elangeni eliqondile;
• lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, phakela amahlumela ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni kufanele libe ngama-degree ayi-16-18. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu, nikeza isitshalo ngokukhanya futhi uvikele kokungakapheli;
• Emasontweni amabili ngemuva kokukhulelwa kokuqala, engeza ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini, futhi ngemuva kwamaviki amabili - ukukhulelwa kwamaminerali. Nisela isitshalo njalo kepha ngokulinganisela, inhlabathi akufanele yome. Thatha umoya ovulekile ukuze uqine ezinsukwini ezifudumele;
• lapho ihlumela likhula ngama-25 cm, lifaka ebhodweni elikhudlwana noma ku-greenhouse, uma kungekho songo seqhwa. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngqo ezinkomishini, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lwe-momordica alukubekezeleli ukufakelwa kabusha.
• Uma ushiya iMormodica ukhulele ezindlini, uyipholishe. Sebenzisa ibhulashi ukuqala ukuxubha phezu kwezimbali zesilisa bese udlula izimbali zesifazane, udlulisa impova.