Okuqukethwe
Isithombe nencazelo ye-miscanthus imelela isitshalo esihle esihlala isikhathi eside esinezimbali eziphuzile. Kulula ukukhulisa isitshalo esizeni, kodwa kufanele uqale uzijwayeze nemithetho.
Isici nencazelo miscanthus
I-Miscanthus (i-Miscanthus) isitshalo esingapheli somndeni we-Grass. Inezihlahla ezinwabuzelayo ezikwazi ukuya ku-6 m ngaphansi komhlaba, kanye neziqu eziqondile. Amaqabunga ayisikhumba, ama-scaly, amancane kakhulu, aluhlaza ngombala. Imigqa egqamile ingase ibe khona phezulu.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlobisa, i-perennial ikhiqiza amahlumela amade anama-inflorescences-panicles amise okwe fan. Isiko libukeka lingabonakali, kodwa libonakala ngokuzithoba nokukhuthazela okukhethekile.
Amasayizi we-Miscanthus
Amasiko ayingxenye yezitshalo ezikhula iminyaka ephakathi nendawo noma ezinde. Iziqu zesitshalo zifinyelela ku-70-300 cm ngaphezu komhlaba, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ngenxa ye-rhizomes enwabuzelayo, izihlahla zikhula kakhulu - ububanzi bungaba ngaphezu kwe-1 m.
Ikhula kuphi i-miscanthus?
Endaweni yayo yemvelo, ama-perennials angabonakala kaningi eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyatholakala nase-Afrika naseMpumalanga Ekude. I-Miscanthus ikhetha inhlabathi emanziswe kahle, exekethile. I-perennial ithanda ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Lapho i-miscanthus iqhakaza
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-miscanthus sincike ezinhlobonhlobo, kepha imvamisa isikhathi sokuhlobisa siqala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo futhi siqhubeke kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba. Ngo-Agasti, ama-panicle inflorescence amade, anombala okhilimu avela ngaphezu kwamaqabunga aluhlaza aminyene.
Isici esithakazelisayo se-perennial ukuthi lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, amaqabunga awo kuphela omile. Ama-inflorescence aphikelela ubusika bonke.
Ukuqina kwebusika kwe-miscanthus
Indawo yokuqina yasebusika yeMiscanthus ingama-4-5, kepha izinkomba ezithile zokuqina zincike ezinhlobonhlobo. Ngokwesilinganiso, isiko limelana nezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku -34 °C. Amazinga okushisa aphansi awalimazi i-perennial, ikakhulukazi uma ukhathazeka ngokufudumeza izimpande kusengaphambili. I-Panicle inflorescences iba silvery ngenkathi ebandayo, kodwa ihlala ikhanga.
Izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ze-miscanthus ezinezithombe namagama
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-miscanthus zesifunda saseMoscow nezifunda ezinesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu zethulwa ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo esizeni, kufanelekile ukutadisha izici zezinhlobo ezidumile.
Ukuqhakaza (Miscanthus floridulus)
Lesi sitshalo sibonakala ngokukhula ngokushesha kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa okuhle. Cishe ayidingi umswakama, ibekezelela kalula isomiso. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, yakha izindlebe ezincane, kodwa ngokuqala kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ingase ingabi naso isikhathi sokubopha ama-inflorescences.
I-Oligostachus (Miscanthus oligostachyus)
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphansi ze-perennial ngokuvamile azisetshenziselwa ukutshala engadini kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuzalanisa ku-terrace noma kuvulandi. Ama-Oligostachus inflorescences anombala omhlophe-siliva anombala obomvana, mahle kakhulu, amaqabunga anemigqa. Ekwindla, amapuleti abe umbala ogqamile we-honey-orange.
Isiqhwaga (Miscanthus giganteus)
I-Miscanthus yokutshala esifundeni saseMoscow ineziqu eziqondile ezifika ku-3 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Amaqabunga esitshalo ayakhala kakhulu, anomugqa omhlophe phakathi nendawo. Amapuleti asuka ku-rhizome kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ngenxa yokuthi i-perennial ithatha ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kakhulu. Iqhakaza ngama-panicles anombala obomvana, ophenduka isiliva ebusika.
IsiShayina (Miscanthus sinensis)
Isitshalo esingapheli sifinyelela ku-3 m ngaphezu komhlaba, sinamaqabunga amancane aqondile. Iqhakaza ngama-spikelets amafushane aqoqwe kuma-panicles axegayo.
I-Sugarflower (Miscanthus sacchariflonis)
I-perennial ethanda ukushisa ikhula ibe ngu-2 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo aluhlaza okotshani, ama-panicle amhlophe noma apinki esiliva.
Ungatshala kanjani i-miscanthus
Kuyadingeka ukutshala i-miscanthus emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya maphakathi noMeyi. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike esifundeni - udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi incibilika kahle futhi ifudumala. Esizeni, indawo ekhanyisiwe futhi evikelekile emoyeni ikhethiwe. Isiko lenhlabathi lidinga i-loam emanzi futhi evundile, e-loamy noma enesihlabathi.
Iphethini yokufika ye-miscanthus imi kanje:
- Indawo ekhethiwe yengadi imbiwa kusenesikhathi.
- Umhlabathi uvundiswa ngezinto eziphilayo futhi amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi afakwa kuwo.
- Imigodi yokutshala ilungiselelwa izithombo, cishe ubukhulu obuphindwe kabili bohlelo lwezimpande.
- Uhhafu ugcwalise izinsalela ngomhlabathi onomsoco.
- Izithombo zibekwe phakathi nendawo futhi izimpande zisakazwe emaceleni.
- Fafaza izitshalo ngezinsalela zomhlaba bese ugxoba inhlabathi.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, i-perennial kufanele iniselwe kakhulu. Kuyatuswa futhi ukumboza inhlabathi ukuze umswakama ophuma kuyo uhwamuke kancane.
I-Miscanthus Care
Uma uhlinzeka ngezimo ezinhle zokukhula kwe-miscanthus, ukuyinakekela kuzoba lula. Udinga ukunaka imisebenzi eminingana.
Nginisele imiscanthus
I-Miscanthus eSiberia naphakathi nendawo idinga ukuchelela njalo, njengoba ingakubekezeleli isomiso. Kufanele ifakwe emanzini njengoba ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi loma.
Amanzi ngokuvamile alethwa emhlabathini ngepayipi, uketshezi lusetshenziswa lusivivi futhi luzinze kahle. Kudingeka ukunciphisa amandla omswakama kuphela ngezikhathi zemvula enkulu. Kulokhu, i-perennial izothola inani elanele lomswakama ngendlela yemvelo.
Ukuvundisa okwengeziwe
Ukuze ukhule ngempumelelo i-miscanthus kusuka embewini ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukondla njalo i-perennial. Umquba uqala ukusetshenziswa ngonyaka wesibili, maphakathi noMeyi isisombululo se-urea sengezwa enhlabathini, futhi ngoJuni - humate ngendlela ewuketshezi.
Ekupheleni kukaJulayi no-Agasti, kunconywa ukondla isiko nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. Lezi zinto ziqinisa ukukhuthazela kwesitshalo futhi ziqinisekise ubusika baso obuphumelelayo.
ukuthena i-miscanthus
Ukunquma i-miscanthus kuyimpoqo, njengoba ithambekele ekukhuleni okunolaka. Inqubo yenziwa kabili ngesikhathi sonyaka - entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla. Ngesikhathi sokuthena, wonke amaqabunga omisiwe nabolile kanye neziqu ziyasuswa, futhi amahlumela adlulele ngaphesheya kwendawo eyabelwe nawo ayasuswa.
Ngisho nalapho utshala i-perennial herbaceous, kunconywa ukuthi umbe izingcezu ze-slate noma zensimbi uzungeze umjikelezo wombhede wezimbali. Badinga ukujula okungenani ama-20 cm, ukuphakama komngcele kufanele kube ngu-10 cm. Umugqa womkhawulo uzovimbela isitshalo sokuhlobisa ukuthi siguquke sibe ukhula oluyingozi.
Ubusika be-Miscanthus
Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukufudumala okubandayo kuze kufike ku--34 ° C. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqala kwekwindla, kunoma yikuphi, kunconywa ukwakha indawo yokukhosela ye-perennial. Imvamisa, kufakwa uhlaka lohlaka ngaphezu kombhede wezimbali bese kudonswa i-agrofibre phezu kwawo. Izimpande zifafazwa ngamaqabunga omile noma i-humus. Uma ubusika kulindeleke ukuthi bubanda, amagatsha e-spruce abekwa ngaphezulu kwesiphephelo sefreyimu.
I-Miscanthus ivuka sekwephuzile kakhulu ngemva kobusika - ekupheleni kuka-April noma ngoMeyi. Kodwa kakade ngokuqala kokuncibilika kokuqala, kuyadingeka ukususa ingxenye yokukhosela kusukela ku-perennial ukuvimbela ukubola kwayo.
Ungayitshala kanjani i-miscanthus
Ungatshala i-miscanthus entwasahlobo ngokuya ngohlelo olujwayelekile. Kubukeka kanjena:
- Isitshalo esinempilo nesiqinile simbiwa phansi.
- Ngommese obukhali, i-perennial ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana, ishiya amahlumela amaningana kanye nempande egcwele kuwo ngamunye wabo.
- Izinsuku ezingu-3-4, izithombo ezitholakalayo zithunyelwa endaweni epholile.
- Gcwalisa izitshalo ezifika ku-6 cm eminsalweni ehlukene engadini.
Inqubo yenziwa esimweni sezulu esifudumele kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya maphakathi noJuni. Izitshalo ezindala kuneminyaka emine zidinga ukufakelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Amahlumela phakathi kwawo kancane kancane ayafa, ngakho izihlahla ezindala zilahlekelwa umphumela wazo wokuhlobisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Miscanthus
Ziningi izindlela zokusabalalisa isiko ezweni. Ngokuvamile sebenzisa indlela yokuhlukanisa noma ukukhula kusuka kumbewu. I-Vegetative propagation isetshenziswa kuphela uma kunesidingo - i-perennial isabela kabi kunoma yikuphi ukulimala futhi ilulama isikhathi eside.
Ukukhula kusuka kuzithombo
Ukuze ukhule i-miscanthus kusuka kumbewu, udinga ukuqala ukutshala isitshalo ekwindla. Ukuze uthole i-perennial, isitsha esingajulile silungiswa futhi sigcwaliswe ngengxube yenhlabathi enomsoco. Imbewu ingcwatshwa kuphela ku-1 cm futhi imila ngaphansi kwefilimu kuze kube amahlumela.
Lapho isiko linikeza amahlumela okuqala aluhlaza, ibhokisi kuzodingeka lihanjiswe efasiteleni elikhanyayo. Ifilimu isuswe ngokuphelele.
Ebusika, i-perennial ikhuliswa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-20 ° C, uma kunesidingo, yengeza izithombo nge-fitolamp. Ukunakekelwa kuncishiswa ikakhulukazi ukuchelela okuphakathi. Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, izithombo ze-miscanthus ziqala ukuqina emoyeni omusha, futhi lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifudumele zidluliselwa endaweni evulekile.
Ngokuhlukanisa ihlathi
Isiko alikuthandi ukufakelwa kabusha, kepha njalo eminyakeni embalwa kuyanconywa ukuthi lihlukaniswe ngama-rhizomes ukuze livuseleleke. I-perennial isuswa enhlabathini futhi inqunywe izingxenye ezingu-2-3, emva kwalokho izihlahla zitshalwe emigodini ehlukene.
Izimpande ze-delenok zinconywa ukuthi ziphathwe ngesikhuthazi sokukhula kanye nokufaka umlotha wokhuni. Lokhu kuzovikela isiko ekuthelelekeni futhi kusheshise ukufakwa kwalo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-perennial inokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu nezifo nama-parasites. Kodwa ingozi ethile kuye yile:
- ukubola kwezimpande - lesi sifo siholela ekubeni amaqabunga namahlumela abe mnyama futhi abune;
- i-spider mite - isinambuzane sihlasela isitshalo esingapheli esimweni sezulu esomile futhi sibophe iziqu namapuleti.
Ukuze uvikele isikhunta, kunconywa ukuthi isiko lilashwe ngendlela yokuvikela nge-Bordeaux liquid noma i-fungicides. Ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Yini ehlanganiswe ne-miscanthus ekwakhiweni kwe-landscape
Izithombe ze-miscanthus embhedeni wezimbali zibonisa ukuthi i-perennial ihamba kahle nezinye izitshalo engadini. Omakhelwane abangcono kakhulu kuye yilaba:
- i-lavender;
- ukutakula;
- i-gaura;
- i-stonecrop;
- i-purple echination;
- I-anemone yaseJapane;
- i-window evulekile;
- I-Buenos Aires verbena.
Ukutshala i-miscanthus endaweni kunconywa ngemuva ukuze udale isizinda sokuhlobisa. I-Herbaceous perennial inika umbhede wezimbali ukukhanya kanye nomoya, igcizelela ubuhle bezimbali ezikhanyayo.
Isiphetho
Izithombe nezincazelo ze-miscanthus zinikeza umbono we-perennial eqinile enezidingo zokunakekelwa ezilula. Lapho ukhula, ukunakwa okuyinhloko kukhokhelwa umswakama - isiko alikubekezeleli kahle isomiso.