Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ezinganeni

I-ZPR ayilona ukuxilongwa, kodwa igama elijwayelekile lezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthuka. Ku-ICD-10 (I-International Classification of Diseases), ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kucatshangelwa ezigabeni F80-F89 "Ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kwengqondo", ngayinye yazo echaza izici ezicacile zengane - kusukela ekungingizani, ukunganaki kuya ekungakwazini ukuzithiba nokukhathazeka kobuntu. .

Izinhlobo zokukhubazeka kwengqondo

Ngokomthethosisekelo

Ezinganeni ezinjalo, isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi sikhula kancane kunontanga yabo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ingane nayo izobambezeleka ekukhuleni ngokomzimba, futhi ibonakale ixakile futhi izenzekela kunalokho obekulindelwe enganeni yeminyaka yayo. Kunzima kuye ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukubamba imizwelo, ukukhumbula okuthile, futhi esikoleni uzoba nesithakazelo kakhulu emidlalweni nokugijima kunokufunda. "Awu, umncane kangakanani?" - izingane ezinjalo zivame ukuzwa kubantu abadala.

I-Somatogenic

Lolu hlobo lokubambezeleka lwenzeka ezinganeni ezazigula kakhulu zisencane, okwathinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi. Ukubambezeleka okusobala ikakhulukazi kungaba ezimweni lapho ingane kwadingeka ilele ezibhedlela isikhathi eside. Uhlobo lwe-somatogenic luhambisana nokukhathala okwandayo, ukungabibikho kwengqondo, izinkinga zenkumbulo, ukukhathala, noma, ngokuphambene, umsebenzi oweqile.

psychogenic

Lolu hlobo lungabizwa ngokuthi imiphumela yobuntwana obunzima. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko ye-psychogenic angeke kwenzeke kuphela ezinganeni ezivela emindenini engasebenzi, abazali babo abangazange banake noma babaphathe ngesihluku, kodwa futhi "kubathandi". Ukuvikela ngokweqile nakho kuphazamisa ukukhula kwengane. Izingane ezinjalo zivame ukuba nezifiso ezibuthakathaka, ezisikiselayo, azinayo imigomo, azibonisi isinyathelo futhi zisalele emuva ngokomqondo.

I-Cerebral Organic

Kulesi simo, ukubambezeleka kungenxa yokulimala kobuchopho obuncane, okuvamile. Ingxenye eyodwa kuphela noma ezimbalwa zobuchopho ezinomthwalo wemisebenzi yengqondo eyahlukene ezingathinteka. Ngokuvamile, izingane ezinezinkinga ezinjalo zibonakala ngobumpofu bemizwelo, ubunzima bokufunda nokucabanga okubi.

Izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwengqondo

Uma simelela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ngendlela yegrafu, khona-ke lona umugqa oyisicaba oneziqongo ezincane noma ezinkulu. Isibonelo: akazange aqonde indlela yokuhlanganisa ipiramidi, akazange abonise isithakazelo ebhodweni, kodwa, ekugcineni, futhi hhayi ngaphandle komzamo, wakhumbula yonke imibala (ukukhuphuka kancane) futhi wafunda imvumelwano okokuqala noma udwebe umlingiswa wekhathuni oyintandokazi evela enkumbulweni (isiqongo) .

Akufanele kube nokwehluleka kulolu hlelo uma ingane ine-rollback yamakhono, isibonelo, inkulumo yavela futhi yanyamalala, noma wayeka ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese futhi waqala ukungcola ibhulukwe lakhe futhi, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela ngalokhu.

Ukwelashwa kokukhubazeka kwengqondo

Odokotela bengqondo, izazi ze-neurologists kanye ne-defectologists bangasiza ukuthola ukuthi kungani ingane isala ngemuva kontanga, futhi yiziphi izindawo zokusebenza enezinkinga eziningi.

Diagnostics

Udokotela angakwazi ukuhlaziya isimo somntwana futhi aqonde ukuthi ingane inokukhubazeka kwengqondo (ukukhubazeka kwengqondo). Esebancane, izindlela zayo azicacile, kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile okungaqondwa ngazo ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwengane kuyalungiseka.

Odokotela bengqondo yezingane baveza ukuthi esimweni sokukhubazeka kwengqondo, njenganoma yikuphi ukubambezeleka kokukhula, ukutholakala kwalesi simo kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Esebancane, ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kuhlotshaniswa ngokungenakuqhathaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo, ngakho-ke abazali kudingeka baqaphe izigaba zokwakheka kwenkulumo enganeni yabo. Kufanele yakhiwe ngeminyaka emi-5.

Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ezimweni eziningi, omama nobaba baya kudokotela ngemva kokuthumela ingane enkulisa futhi baqaphele ukuthi uhlukile kwezinye izingane mayelana nomsebenzi wokukhuluma nokuziphatha.

Bobabili izazi zezinzwa kanye nodokotela bengqondo yezingane bahlanganyela ekuhloleni ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluma, kodwa udokotela wengqondo kuphela ohlola ukubambezeleka kwengqondo.

Izokwelapha

Ngemva kokuhlonza lesi simo, kuye ngokuthi izinkomba, uchwepheshe angase anikeze ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uxhuma ingane ohlelweni losizo olungokwengqondo nelokufundisa, oluhlanganisa amakilasi okulungisa, ezimweni eziningi, nochwepheshe abathathu. Lona isazi sezifo zengqondo, isazi sokukhuluma kanye nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo.

Imvamisa, uthisha oyedwa uneziqu ezimbili, isibonelo, isazi sokukhuluma. Usizo lwalaba chwepheshe lungatholakala ezikhungweni zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo noma ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesikhungo semfundo yasenkulisa. Esimweni sokugcina, ingane, ehambisana nabazali bayo, kufanele idlule ikhomishana yengqondo, yezokwelapha kanye neyokufundisa.

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuzibandakanya okufika ngesikhathi kwengane ekulungiseni okungokwengqondo nokufundisa kuthinta ngqo ukubikezelwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezinga lesinxephezelo sezinkinga zokuthuthuka ezikhonjiwe. Ngokushesha lapho ukhomba futhi uxhuma, umphumela uba ngcono!

Izindlela zabantu

I-ZPR kufanele ilashwe ngochwepheshe kuphela futhi ngokugcwele. Awekho amakhambi esintu azosiza kuleli cala. Ukuzilapha kusho ukuphuthelwa isikhathi esibalulekile.

Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ezinganeni

Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo enganeni kufanele kuqale ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa: abazali besikhathi esizayo kufanele bahlole impilo yabo futhi baqede umthelela omubi emzimbeni womama ozayo ngemva kokukhulelwa.

Ebuntwaneni, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezifo ezingaholela ekwelapheni isikhathi eside esibhedlela, okungukuthi, ingane kufanele idle ngendlela efanele, ibe nomoya ohlanzekile, futhi abazali kufanele banakekele inhlanzeko yakhe futhi yenza indlu iphephe ukuze ugweme ukulimala enganeni, ikakhulukazi - amakhanda.

Abantu abadala banquma uhlobo nemvamisa yemisebenzi yokuthuthuka ngokwabo, kodwa kuyadingeka ukulinganisa phakathi kwemidlalo, ukufunda nokuzilibazisa, futhi bavumele ingane ukuba izimele uma lokhu kungasongeli ukuphepha kwayo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile