Okuqukethwe
Incazelo
I-Koumiss (Amadevu) - AmaTurkey. indodakazi yethu – ubisi lweMare olubilile.
Isiphuzo esidakayo esisekelwe obisini lukaMare olubilile. Itholakala ngokuvutshelwa ngaphansi kwethonya le-acidophilus ne-Bulgarian Bacillus nemvubelo. Isiphuzo sinokunambitheka okumnandi okumuncu-okumnandi, umbala omhlophe onogwebu oluncane ebusweni. I-Koumiss, eyenziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamasiko okuqala, ingase ibe namanani ahlukene otshwala. Okuqukethwe kwayo kungahluka kusuka ku-0.2 kuya ku-2.5 vol. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukufinyelela 4.5 mayelana. Ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa, amaprotheni obisi ahlukaniswa abe izingxenye ezigayeka kalula, futhi i-lactose - ibe yi-lactic acid, i-carbon dioxide, utshwala nezinye izinto.
Umlando weKoumiss
IMare yavela eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-5000 ngemuva kokufuywa kwamahhashi yizizwe eziyimizulane. Uhambo lwemivubukulo olwenziwa eMongolia, nase-Asia Ephakathi lwembula izinsalela zesikhumba nezinsalela zobisi lukaMare. Babegcina imfihlo yeKoumiss isikhathi eside iyimfihlo, futhi abantu abangabazi abafunde ngephutha ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela isiphuzo baphuphuthekiswa. IKumis yisiphuzo sikazwelonke sabantu baseTurkic. I-Koumiss edumile iseTurkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia.
Njengamanje, iresiphi ye-koumiss yaziwa kabanzi, futhi abantu abayikhiqizi ekhaya kuphela kodwa nasezimbonini. Ngokuya ngemithetho yonke yokukhiqizwa kweKoumiss, umkhiqizo obiza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekufuneni imali eshibhile yesiphuzo, abakhiqizi abaningi baqala ukusebenzisa ubisi lukaMare nolwezinkomo. Ngenxa yalokho, kunciphisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yesiphuzo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-koumiss yakudala esuselwa kubisi lukaMare kunezigaba eziningana:
- isivuno sobisi seMare. Ngenxa yobisi oluncane ekukhiqizeni ubisi olulodwa, abantu basenga ama-mares izikhathi ezi-3-6 ngosuku. Igagasi lobisi embeleni wezinkomo kuthatha imizuzwana eyi-15-20 ukuqoqa lonke ubisi kule nqubo. Ngakho-ke kungasiza uma unesandla esihle kakhulu.
- Umhluzi. Lonke ubisi baluthela emphemeni kusuka kuLinden wood bese beqala ukuqala kwe-Mature Mare. Bafudumeza ingxube ibe ngu-18-20 ° C bese benyusa amahora ayi-1-6.
- Ukuvuthwa. Ngesikhathi sokuxuba, kunenqubo engaguquguquki ye-lactic acid exutshiwe kanye nokuvutshelwa kotshwala. Kulesi sigaba kwakhiwa zonke izakhamzimba zeMare.
- Ukukhula komzimba. Ingxube evelayo bayithela ebhodleleni lengilazi elivaliwe bese beshiya izinsuku eziyi-1-2 egumbini elifudumele. Ngaleso sikhathi kwenzeka ukuzithambisa kwesiphuzo.
Ngokuya ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ubisi lukaMare luhlukaniswa lube yizinhlobo ezintathu:
- ama-kumys abuthakathaka (1 vol.) Iminyaka eyodwa yosuku olulodwa, inogwebu oluncane, alumuncu kangako, lufana nobisi, kepha uma lume kancane, luboshwe ngokushesha lube ungqimba oluminyene nolunamanzi - ngaphezulu;
- i-koumiss emaphakathi (cishe 1.75.) Kukhula izinsuku ezimbili. Ingaphezulu layo lakha igwebu eliphikelelayo, ukunambitheka kuba muncu, kugudluze ulimi, futhi isiphuzo sithola umumo ofanayo, ozinzile we-emulsion;
- isibumbu esiqinile (3 vol.) Izinsuku ezintathu futhi iba mncane kakhulu futhi ibe ne-asidi kakhulu kune-koumiss emaphakathi, futhi igwebu layo alizinzile kangako.
Izinzuzo zeKoumiss
Ubisi lukaMare luqukethe inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba ezilingana nama-95% wezinto. Kubandakanya amavithamini (A, E, C, B), amaminerali (i-iron, iodine, ithusi), amafutha, namagciwane aphilayo e-lactic acid.
UPostnikov uphenye izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-koumiss ngo-1858. Ngokuya ngemisebenzi yakhe yesayensi, bavule izindawo zokungcebeleka futhi basungula izindlela zokwelashwa eziyisisekelo zezifo ezahlukahlukene nge-koumiss.
Ubisi lukaMare lugcwele izinto ezilwa namagciwane ezilimaza ukusebenza kwe-tubercle bacilli, i-typhoid, ne-dysentery. Ama-bacterium e-Lactic athinta kahle umgudu wamathumbu futhi andise uketshezi lwejusi esiswini olwehlisa izinto ezinamafutha kusuka kumanyikwe kanye nenyongo. Ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa kwe-koumiss kwezilonda zesisu kanye ne-duodenum esiteji ngemuva kokuqina. Ama-bacterium avela kumis athinta kabi ukukhiqizwa nokwakhiwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezibolayo kanye no-E. Coli.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Koumiss
Uhlelo lwe-cardiovascular. I-Koumiss inomphumela omuhle ekwakhiweni nasezakhiweni zegazi. Kwandisa okuqukethwe kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi namaseli amhlophe egazi alwa ngenkuthalo nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo kanye nama-bacteria.
Isistimu yezinzwa. IMare Koumiss inomphumela wokutholisa nokuphumula, yenza kube lula ukulala, yehlise ukucasuka nokukhathala okungapheli.
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwabantu, uKoumiss muhle ukwelapha izifo zokugaya ukudla kwezilwane ezinkulu: amahhashi, izinkomo, amakamela, izimbongolo nezimvu.
Ngokuya ngobukhulu nangohlobo lwesifo, ubudala besiguli, kunezindlela ezikhethekile zokwamukela ama-kumys, okuthi ngandlela-thile afane nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi amaminerali. Isikhathi sokwelashwa akufanele sibe ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingama-20-25.
Izindlela zokusetshenziswa kwesiphuzo zincike emisebenzini eyimfihlo yesisu:
- lapho uketshezi oluphakeme futhi olujwayelekile sebenzisa ubisi olumaphakathi lukaMare 500-750 ml ngosuku (200-250 ml ngaphambi kokudla noma imizuzu engama-20-30 ngaphambi kokudla);
- lapho kuncishiswa uketshezi - isilinganiso sobisi lukaMare nge-asidi ephakeme 750-1000 ml ngosuku (250-300 ml ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye imizuzu engama-40-60);
- ezifweni ezinesilonda zomgudu wamathumbu okuhambisana nemfihlo ephezulu nejwayelekile - odokotela bancoma ukuphuza nge-SIP encane ama-kumys abuthakathaka 125-250 ml kathathu ngosuku;
- ezifweni zezilonda zomgudu wamathumbu okuhambisana nokuncipha kwemfihlo okusetshenzisiwe kwababuthakathaka kanye ne-Koumiss ejwayelekile ye-125-250 ml kathathu ngosuku imizuzu engama-20-30 ngaphambi kokudla. Kungasiza uma nawe uphuza kancane kancane kuma-SIP amancane;
- ngenkathi yangemva kokuhlinzwa nokuvuselelwa kanye nezifo ezinzima ungasebenzisa i-koumiss ebuthakathaka 50-100 ml kathathu ngosuku amahora angu-1-1,5 ngaphambi kokudla.
Ukulimala kukaKoumiss nokuphikisana
I-Koumiss iyaphikiswa nokwanda kwezifo zamathumbu kanye nabantu abangabekezelelani nesiphuzo ne-lactose.
