I-Hypotension

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

Lesi yisifo lapho umfutho wegazi womuntu ungaphansi kwesilinganiso. Ingcindezi ejwayelekile isilinganiso saphezulu (esibizwa nangokuthi i-systolic) bese uphansi (noma ezesizulu) 120/80 Ubuciko be-mmHg., ukuphambuka okuncane kuvunyelwe. I-arterial hypotension itholakala lapho ukufundwa kwengcindezi kungaphansi kune 90 - 100/60 mm Hg Ubuciko.

Kubantu, umfutho wegazi nobuchopho kuhlobene kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, nge-hypotension, indlala yomoya-mpilo yobuchopho iyenzeka.

Kwabanye abantu, i-hypotension ijwayelekile. Uhlobo olungapheli lwe-hypotension lungazibonakalisa kubantu abasha abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-30 ubudala, njengesifo esihambisanayo. Yize wonke amaqembu obudala ethinteka kulesi sifo, noma kunjalo, muva nje ukugcizelelwa sekusukile eqenjini elincane kuya kwelikhulile, futhi kusebenza njengesinye sezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi. Abantu asebekhulile abanomzimba omncane nabesifazane abakhulelwe nabo bathambekele ekubeni ne-hypotension.

Izinhlobo nezimbangela ze-hypotension

I-arterial hypotension imvamisa ayithathwa njengesifo esizimele, kepha kunalokho njengenye yezimpawu zokugula okuthile. I-Hypotension ingadalwa yizinto ezilandelayo:

• i-dystonia yemithambo;
• ukuthatha imithi ethile, engaba ne-hypotension emiphumeleni emibi;
• ukuphazamiseka kokuzalwa kwenhliziyo - ukukhubazeka noma ukuqhuma;
• ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwevolumu yegazi ngokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma uma kwenzeka ukulahleka kwegazi;
• izifo ezinjengokwehluleka kwezinso, isifo sikashukela, ubuthi, i-hemoglobin ephansi, ukusha;
• ukoma komzimba emzimbeni;
• ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside;
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli;
• isilonda peptic;
• ukwehla kwethoni yemithambo yegazi uma kwenzeka ubuthi, ukungezwani komzimba noma ukuphazamiseka okuzimele kohlelo lwezinzwa

Ngokuya ngezizathu eziyibangelayo, i-arterial hypotension ihlukaniswa nge:

1. 1 okuyisisekelo - kuyindlela yokugula okufana ne-neurosis yemikhumbi yobuchopho. Kungabangelwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ukucindezeleka;
2. 2 secondary - kwenzeka njengesifo esihambisanayo nezifo ze-thyroid gland, ukulimala ekhanda, imithi yesikhathi eside, i-rheumatism, i-hepatitis, izifo ze-oncological, izilonda zesisu nesifo sofuba.

Imvamisa i-hypotension yegazi iyisibonakaliso i-vegetative-vascular dystonia - isimo esibuhlungu lapho kukhona ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yezinzwa ezizimele.

I-hypotension yomzimba nayo ingenzeka kubantu abaphilile, kanti i-pathology ayithinti impilo yesiguli nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-arterial hypotension nazo zihlukile:

• ukuncenga - kwenzeka kubasubathi ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla okukhulu komzimba, isebenza njengokuzivikela komzimba. Ngesikhathi semidlalo, ingcindezi iyakhuphuka, kuthi ekuphumuleni yehle ngaphansi kwesilinganiso;
• okungapheliyo;
• ajwayelekile noma ezindawo - abahlali bezintaba namazwe anezimo ezibandayo kakhulu noma ezishisa kakhulu bavezwa kuwo. Uma ingekho i-oxygen eyanele emoyeni noma ikhishwa, khona-ke abantu bahlushwa ingcindezi ephansi, igazi lijikeleza kancane kancane ukuze lilethe umoya-mpilo kuzo zonke izitho;
• ifomu elibukhali i-hypotension noma ukuwa kwe-arterial - kwenzeka ngokuncipha okukhulu kwengcindezi ngenxa yokulimala kwekhanda, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ubuthi obukhulu.

Izimpawu ze-Hypotension

Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-arterial hypotension ingcindezi yegazi ephansi ezingeni lika-100/60 mm Hg. Ubuciko. emadodeni naku-90/50 mm Hg. Ubuciko. phakathi kwabesifazane. I-Hypotension ingahle ihambisane nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Ubuhlungu obuhlungu be-1 esifundeni senhliziyo;
2. 2 isicanucanu, isiyezi kuze kube ukuquleka;
3. 3 tachycardia;
4. Izandla nezinyawo ezine ezibandayo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokudlulisa ukushisa;
5. 5 ukucindezela ubuhlungu ekhanda, imvamisa emathempelini;
6. 6 ukujuluka okwandisiwe;
7. Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okungu-7;
8. 8 ukozela, ukunganaki;
9. 9 ukubukeka kwesikhumba;
10. Ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo okungu-10;
11. 11 i-dyspnea;
12. 12 ukungazizwa kahle ekuseni;
13. 13 umsindo ezindlebeni;
14. Kwehle ngo-14 amandla okusebenza.

I-arterial hypotension ivame ukubangelwa ngumthethosisekelo womzimba womuntu. Abantu abanohlobo lomzimba we-asthenic basengozini enkulu ye-hypotension. Izingane nentsha nayo ivame ukuhlushwa yi-hypotension, njengoba ukujikeleza kwegazi kungahambisani nokukhula komzimba. Phakathi kwabantu abasha, amantombazane ahlushwa yi-hypotonia kakhulu, ngoba azwela kakhulu ngokomzwelo futhi azwela kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho, ingcindezi yengqondo nengqondo.

Abantu abane-hypotension bazizwa bebi kakhulu lapho isimo sezulu sishintsha, ukungasebenzi ngokwanele komzimba, kanye nengcindezi enamandla engokomzwelo. Lesi sifo sithuthukiswa uma kwenzeka ubuthi nezifo ezithathelwanayo. ^[4]

Ku-50% wabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kukhona ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwengcindezi, kuze kufike ezibalweni ezibucayi. Lokhu kuthinta bobabili umama nengane, ngoba isibeletho asinikezwa igazi ngokwanele, futhi ingane ingazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Abantu asebekhulile bathambekele ku-hypotension, ngoba lapho bemi isikhathi eside, uphahla luyama emithanjeni yemilenze, engaba nemiphumela emibi ngesimo sohlangothi noma sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Izinkinga ze-hypotension

Njengomthetho, i-hypotension ayinayo imiphumela ebucayi emzimbeni, kepha kungahle kube nezinkinga ezinjalo:

• ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wenhliziyo - iziguli ezine-hypotensive zijwayele i-tachycardia, ngoba ngengcindezi ephansi igazi lijikeleza kancane emithanjeni futhi inhliziyo kufanele isebenze ngemodi ethuthukisiwe ukuze inikeze izicubu nge-oxygen;
• ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umfutho wegazi ophansi ungadala i-fetal hypoxia, ngoba i-placenta ayinikezwa ngokwanele nge-oxygen. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-arterial hypotension bavame ukubhekana ne-toxicosis;
• kubantu abadala, i-hypotension ivusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis; ^[3]
• ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuquleka, imivimbo, ukukhula kokushaqeka noma inkinga ye-hypotonic yomzimba wobuchopho noma wenhliziyo kungenzeka.

Ukuvimbela i-hypotension

Ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-arterial hypotension, kufanele uphile ngendlela eyiyo:

1. 1 qaphela umsebenzi nesikhathi sokuphumula;
2. 2 udle kahle;
3. 3 bayeke ukubhema notshwala;
4. 4 qapha isisindo somzimba;
5. 5 ube semoyeni omusha kaningi;
6. 6 enza ezemidlalo;
7. Abayi-7 bavivinywa njalo ngudokotela.

Abantu abanengcindezi yegazi ephansi kufanele bathathe lezi zindlela zokuvikela ezilandelayo:

• ekuseni awudingi ukuphuma masinyane embhedeni, kufanele uqale wehlise imilenze yakho, uhlale umzuzu bese kuphela emva kwalokho uvuke;
• gwema ukucindezeleka ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo;
• hlamba ngeshawa ekuseni;
• phuza uketshezi olwanele - okungenani amalitha ama-2 ngosuku;
• thatha amalungiselelo amavithamini;
• ukulala okungenani amahora angu-10 ngosuku;
• qapha izinkomba zengcindezi nsuku zonke;
• gwema ukuhlala elangeni isikhathi eside;
• gwema ukucindezeleka;
• isidlo sasekuseni esihle ekuseni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypotension emithini ejwayelekile

Ukuhlonza i-hypotension, umfutho wegazi kufanele ulinganiswe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku bese isilinganiso kufanele sithathwe njengesisekelo. Kuyadingeka ukwenza i-electrocardiogram ukuze uthole ukuthi uhlelo lozwela oluzwelayo lukuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Futhi, ukukhipha izifo ezihambisanayo, i-neuropathologist inquma ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo, ukuzimisela ushukela wegazi namazinga we-cholesterol.

Ekwelapheni i-acute arteryial hypotension, i-anti-shock therapy enconyelwa ukumpontshelwa igazi inconywa ukubuyisela ivolumu ejwayelekile yegazi nokuqeda ubuthi. Uma ifomu elibi le-hypotension kungenxa yobuthi, isisu kufanele sigxishwe futhi sigonywe ngama-antidotes.

Ku-hypotension engapheli, kufanele:

1. 1 vamisa indlela yokuphila: yeka imikhuba emibi, ube semoyeni opholile nsuku zonke, udlale imidlalo, ugweme ukucindezeleka, kunconywa ukwelashwa kwe-spa;
2. 2 khipha noma ukhansele kancane imithilokho kungabangela i-hypotension;
3. 3 ene-endocrine pathologies, kwanele ukujwayelekile ukucindezela khetha ukwelashwa okufanele esikhundleni ama-hormone afanele.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!