Ngokuvamile, lapho sizama ukubamba ngekhanda ulwazi olusha, sicabanga ukuthi lapho sifaka umsebenzi omningi, umphumela uzoba ngcono. Nokho, okudingeka ngempela ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle ukungenzi lutho ngezikhathi ezithile. Impela! Vele unciphise izibani, uhlale futhi ujabulele imizuzu eyi-10-15 yokuphumula. Uzothola ukuthi inkumbulo yakho yokwaziswa osanda kuyifunda ingcono kakhulu kunalapho ubuzama ukusebenzisa leso sikhathi esifushane ngendlela ephumelelayo.
Yiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukuthi udinga ukuchitha isikhathi esincane ukhumbula ulwazi, kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kufanele ulwele "ukuphazamiseka okuncane" ngesikhathi sekhefu - ukugwema ngamabomu noma yimiphi imisebenzi engaphazamisa inqubo ebucayi yokwakheka kwenkumbulo. Asikho isidingo sokwenza ibhizinisi, hlola i-imeyili noma upheqa okuphakelayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Nikeza ubuchopho bakho ithuba lokuqalisa kabusha ngokuphelele ngaphandle kweziphazamiso.
Kubonakala sengathi kuyindlela ephelele yokukhumbula abafundi, kodwa lokhu kutholwa kungase futhi kulethe ukukhululeka okuthile kubantu abane-amnesia kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zokuwohloka komqondo, kunikeze izindlela ezintsha zokukhulula amakhono afihliwe, okufunda nenkumbulo ayengakaqashelwa.
Izinzuzo zokuphumula okuzolile zokukhumbula ulwazi zabhalwa okokuqala ngo-1900 yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseJalimane uGeorg Elias Müller kanye nomfundi wakhe u-Alfons Pilzecker. Kwesinye sezikhathi zabo zokuhlanganisa inkumbulo, uMüller no-Pilzecker baqale bacela ababambiqhaza babo ukuthi bafunde uhlu lwamagama angenangqondo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane sokukhumbula, ingxenye yeqembu ngokushesha yanikezwa uhlu lwesibili, kuyilapho bonke abanye banikezwa ikhefu lemizuzu eyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba baqhubeke.
Lapho evivinywa ngemva kwehora nesigamu, la maqembu amabili abonisa imiphumela ehluke ngokuphawulekayo. Abahlanganyeli abanikezwe ikhefu bakhumbule cishe u-50% wohlu lwabo, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso esingu-28% eqenjini elingenaso isikhathi sokuphumula nokusetha kabusha. Le miphumela ibonise ukuthi ngemva kokufunda ulwazi olusha, inkumbulo yethu ibuthakathaka kakhulu, ikwenza kube lula ukuphazanyiswa ulwazi olusha.
Nakuba abanye abacwaningi beye baphinde babuyekeza lokhu kutholakala, kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwawo-2000 lapho okwengeziwe kwakwaziwa khona mayelana namathuba enkumbulo ngenxa yocwaningo olushaqisayo lukaSergio Della Sala waseNyuvesi yase-Edinburgh kanye noNelson Cowan waseNyuvesi yaseMissouri.
Abacwaningi babenesithakazelo sokubona ukuthi le ndlela ingathuthukisa yini izinkumbulo zabantu abaye bahlushwa yizinzwa, njenge-stroke. Ngokufana nocwaningo luka-Mueller no-Pilzeker, banikeze ababambiqhaza babo izinhlu zamagama ayi-15 futhi bawahlola ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-10. Abanye babahlanganyeli ngemva kokubamba amagama ngekhanda banikezwa izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zokuqonda ingqondo; bonke abahlanganyeli bacelwa ukuba balale ekamelweni elimnyama, kodwa bangalali.
Imiphumela yayimangalisa. Nakuba le nqubo ingazange izisize iziguli ezimbili ezinzima kakhulu ze-amnesic, abanye bakwazi ukukhumbula amagama amaningi ngokuphindwe kathathu njengokujwayelekile - kuze kufike ku-49% esikhundleni se-14% yangaphambili - cishe njengabantu abanempilo ngaphandle kokulimala kwezinzwa.
Imiphumela yezifundo ezilandelayo yayimangalisa nakakhulu. Abahlanganyeli bacelwa ukuba balalele indaba futhi baphendule imibuzo ehlobene nayo ngemva kwehora. Abahlanganyeli abangalitholanga ithuba lokuphumula bakwazi ukukhumbula amaqiniso angu-7% kuphela endabeni; labo ababephumule bakhumbula kuze kufike ku-79%.
U-Della Sala kanye nowayengumfundi we-Cowan's e-Heriot-Watt University benze izifundo zokulandelela ezimbalwa eziqinisekisa lokho okutholwe ngaphambili. Kuvele ukuthi lezi zikhathi zokuphumula ezimfushane zingase futhi zithuthukise inkumbulo yethu yendawo - ngokwesibonelo, zisize ababambiqhaza bakhumbule indawo yezimpawu zomhlaba ezahlukahlukene endaweni yento engekho ngokoqobo. Okubalulekile, le nzuzo iqhubeka iviki ngemuva kwenselele yokuqala yokuqeqeshwa futhi ibonakala izuzisa abasha nabadala ngokufanayo.
Esimweni ngasinye, abacwaningi bavele bacela abahlanganyeli ukuthi bahlale ekamelweni elizimele, elimnyama, elingenamafoni omakhalekhukhwini noma ezinye iziphazamiso ezinjalo. UDewar uthi: “Asizange sibanikeze iziyalezo eziqondile zokuthi yini okufanele bayenze noma okungafanele bayenze lapho beseholidini. "Kodwa uhlu lwemibuzo oluqedwe ekupheleni kocwaningo lwethu lukhombisa ukuthi abantu abaningi bavumela izingqondo zabo zikhululeke."
Nokho, ukuze umphumela wokuphumula usebenze, akumelwe sizikhandle ngemicabango engadingekile. Isibonelo, kolunye ucwaningo, ababambiqhaza bacelwa ukuthi bacabange ngesehlakalo esedlule noma esizayo ngesikhathi sekhefu, esibonakala sinciphisa inkumbulo yabo yezinto ezisanda kufundwa.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ubuchopho busebenzisa noma yisiphi isikhathi sokuphumula esingaba khona ukuze kugcizelele idatha esanda kuyifunda, futhi ukunciphisa ukukhuthazwa okwengeziwe ngalesi sikhathi kungenza le nqubo ibe lula. Ngokusobala, ukulimala kwezinzwa kungenza ubuchopho bube sengcupheni yokungenelela ngemva kokufunda ulwazi olusha, ngakho-ke indlela yekhefu isebenze kakhulu kwabasinde besifo sohlangothi kanye nabantu abanesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi ukuthatha ikhefu ukuze bafunde ulwazi olusha kungasiza kokubili abantu abaye balimaza izinzwa kanye nalabo abadinga ukubamba ngekhanda izingqimba ezinkulu zolwazi.
Enkathini yolwazi olugcwele ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-smartphones ethu akuwona kuphela into edinga ukushajwa njalo. Izingqondo zethu zisebenza ngendlela efanayo.