Ama roses axhunyelelwe noma agxilile: okungcono, ukutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Roses ijabulisa izakhamuzi zasehlobo ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo. Indlela yokutshala isithombo ithinta izici zokunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, abalimi abanolwazi banesithakazelo kuma roses axhunywe noma agxilile.

Izithombo ziyizinhlobo ezimbili: izimpande ezisikiwe bese zixhunyelelwa esiphunzini se-rose yasendle.

Asho ukuthini ama-rose anezimpande?

I-Garden nurseries inikezela ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokutshala. Izithombo ezikhuliswe ngokusikwa kwe-rooting, ukubeka noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla zizimele. Abalimi abanolwazi banaka izinhlobonhlobo, hhayi indlela yokukhiqiza, ngoba zizalela izitshalo zodwa.

Ukutshala ama roses anezimpande akunakwenzeka kuzo zonke izifunda. Izinhlobo eziningi azikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa, ngakho zixhunyelelwa esitokisini. Izimpande eziqinile ze-rose yasendle zishona phansi emhlabathini futhi zondle amahlumela amancane esihlahla. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, ukugoma kungcwatshwa ngo-2-3 cm emhlabathini, futhi ebusika kufakwe i-humus namagatsha e-spruce.

Abalimi abaningi bazama ukukhulisa izimpande zabo kusuka ekusikeni.

Izimpande zakhiwe ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Kodwa-ke, izithombo ezincane zisadinga ukugcinwa, ngakho-ke kwakhiwa indawo yokushisa futhi ikhule ngaphakathi endlini. Izimpande ezincane zingafa emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-0 ⁰C. Ngonyaka wesibili, lesi sitshalo sinikeza izimpande ezinamandla, silungele ukufakelwa emhlabathini, kodwa ebusika i-shrub imbozwe nge-fiber engalukiwe. Izitshalo ezinezimpande ngokwazo ziphakeme kunezinye ezixhunyelelwe esiphunzini se-rose yasendle ngokuphila isikhathi eside nokuqhakaza kwezimbali.

Yini ama roses axhunyelelwe

Ekuqaleni, lesi sitshalo salethwa sivela emazweni afudumele lapho kungekho khona ubusika futhi kungekho kuphumula okudingekayo. Ngakho-ke, baqala ukuxhunyelelwa i-rose esiphunzini se-rose yasendle ukuze baqinise ukuzivikela komzimba futhi bandise ukumelana nesithwathwa.

Izingadi eziningi zisebenzisa indlela yokuhluma, njengoba lokhu kusheshisa kakhulu inqubo yokuzala. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezinikeza izimpande kuma-cuttings, ngakho-ke indlela yokuxhunyelelwa isetshenziswa.

Uma indawo yokuxhunyelelwa ingcwatshwa emhlabathini, i-rose inganikeza izimpande zayo.

I-Rosehip iyisitshalo esinamandla, futhi kwesinye isikhathi esinolaka, sibekezelela ubusika kahle, futhi sikhula ngokushesha. Udlulisela wonke amandla erozini elixhunyelelwe.

Uma i-graft igqitshwe ngo-3 cm emhlabathini, izimpande zayo zingakheka kusukela esiqwini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zizokhula, futhi isitshalo sizothola umsoco owengeziwe.

Ngakho-ke, i-rose egxiliwe ingaba yizimpande zayo. Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo simbozwa nge-humus futhi simbozwe nge-agrofiber ukuze imbali isinde kahle ebusika. Ngezinye izikhathi isiphunzi sempande siyoma, lapho izimpande zaso zizosiza i-rose iphile.

Ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuthi bangangcwabi ama-floribundas kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zetiye le-hybrid lama roses, ngoba indawo yokuxhunyelelwa iyabola futhi isitshalo siyafa, sishiya i-rose yasendle ukuze ikhule. Abalimi abavela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zezwe bathenga izitshalo ezixhunyelelwe kuphela, ngoba izimbali ezinezimpande zomdabu azikwazi ukubekezelela ubusika obunzima.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama roses axhunyelelwe nalawo anezimpande zawo?

Abalimi abanolwazi abanaki indlela yokusabalalisa, ngoba bayazi ukuthi bakhulise kanjani izimbali ngokwabo, banesithakazelo kakhulu ohlotsheni kanye nezinhlobonhlobo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama roses anezimpande kanye nawo axhunyelelwe uvezwa ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo esiphunzini kanye nokuzivikela komzimba okunamandla kuma-radicular.

Izitshalo ezixhunyelelwe zikhula ezindaweni ezahlukene zezulu. Ama roses anezimpande zawo athandwa yizifunda eziseningizimu. Abalimi abanolwazi bajulisa indawo yokuxhunyelelwa lapho betshala ukuze isitshalo sikhule izimpande zaso. Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe ikuvumela ukuthi usheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-shrub futhi ukwandise ukungatheleleki.

Izinhlobo zepaki, izinhlobo ezikhuphukayo kanye ne-floribunda zikhula ezimpandeni zazo futhi zibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kancane.

Izinzuzo nezingozi zama roses anezimpande

Noma yisiphi isitshalo sinezinzuzo nezinkinga eziningi. Izici ezinhle zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• ukumelana nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
• izimfanelo zasebusika-ziqinile ziyanda;
• ihlathi liphila iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi;
• izimbali eziningi;
• ukungabi namahlumela;
• lapho amagatsha eqhwa, intamo ye-basal ihlala iphila, futhi amahlumela amasha akhula efihlekile.

Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo, ama-roses anezimpande zawo anenani lokungalungi. Izimfanelo ezingezinhle zihlanganisa:

• izithombo ezincane zandisa kancane kancane isisindo sazo, ngakho-ke isitshalo sisengozini;
• inqubo ende yokukhiqiza;
• izimfuno eziphezulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi.

Izinzuzo nezingozi zama roses axhunyelelwe

Izitshalo ezi-oculated zisengozini kakhulu. Isithwathwa esinamandla singalimaza ingxenye engaphezulu, kodwa njengoba inezimpande ze-rosehip, i-rose ngeke iphinde iqhubeke nokukhula kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokugoma ingase ibole noma ibole.

Ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwe-rose exhunyelelwe bufika eminyakeni emihlanu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, intamo ye-basal icindezelwa yizinqulu ze-rose zasendle, futhi ihlathi liyaphuma. Ngaphezu kokubi, isitshalo esiqhakazile sinezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• phindaphinda ngokushesha;
• ukusinda okuhle ngisho nokusika okubuthakathaka;
• zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zimila izimpande;
• isitshalo sikhula ngokushesha.

Imithi yokugoma enamehlo abuthakathaka ingase ihlupheke ngesikhathi sasebusika nezikhukhula zasentwasahlobo

Ungatshala kanjani ama roses anezimpande?

Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-cuttings, lungisa inhlabathi. Kuma roses anezimpande, inhlabathi ekhanyayo, egcwele kahle ecebile ngama-humus ifanelekile. Umswakama uyagcinwa ku-substrate yobumba, ngenxa yalokho, i-graft noma intamo yezimpande iyabola.

I-shrub ithanda izindawo ezifudumele, ngakho-ke indawo ikhethwa endaweni enelanga noma emthunzini oyingxenye. Ubumba aluhambisani nokushisa, ngokulandelana, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus kwengezwa enhlabathini e-loamy. Ezindaweni ezinamagquma, kukhethwa amathambeka aseningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Izitshalo zivunwa ehlobo, entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngo-10-15 cm ubude

Ukuze uthole izithombo, amahlumela amasha aphelile akhethiwe. Ama-roses asakazwa futhi atshalwe ngokulandela imiyalo elandelayo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Kuma-cuttings, ubude be-10-15 cm, ama-internode amathathu asele.
2. Iphansi lokusika lisikwa nge-engeli engu-45⁰, kuyilapho u-5 cm uhlehla ezinso, u-1 cm ushiywe phezulu.
3. Amaqabunga aphansi ayasuswa, futhi angaphezulu anqunywe phakathi.
4. I-substrate ilungiswa ngesihlabathi, i-humus ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1. Ukulala ku-greenhouse. Manisa kancane inhlabathi.
5. Izitshalo zijula ​​ngo-2 cm, zishiya ibanga elingama-5 cm phakathi kwezithombo.
6. Vala ngesembozo bese ubeka endaweni efudumele enomthunzi enezinga lokushisa elingu-23-25 ⁰C. Ngezikhathi ezithile faka umoya bese umanzisa inhlabathi ngesibhamu sokufutha.
7. Vula isivalo ngemva kwamasonto amathathu. Izithombo zitshalwa kabusha ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
8. Ngonyaka olandelayo, entwasahlobo, imigodi yokutshala ilungiswa ngokujula kuka-10-20 cm. I-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi kuthelwa phansi. Hlanganisa umhlabathi.
9. Kukhishwa isithombo ezimbizeni kanye negada lomhlaba. Ibekwe ukuze intamo yezimpande ibe ngu-3-4 cm ngaphansi komhlaba.
10. Isithombo singcwatshwa, siniselwe kahle futhi simbozwe nge-humus.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Root rose

Izithombo ezincane zivundiswa ehlobo kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ama-Roses ayayithanda i-humus, ngakho-ke abalimi abanolwazi baphikelela umquba noma indle emanzini 1: 1 izinsuku eziyi-10-15. Ama-mineral fertilizer nawo ayengezwa. I-rose isabela kahle ku-boron, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe ngokulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Ukondla ngokweqile kungaholela kumphumela ophambene, futhi isitshalo sizokoma.

Ekwindla, imivimbo efiphele iyanqunywa. Izinduku eziluhlaza nazo ziyasuswa, azibanga naso isikhathi sokuba yizinkuni futhi ngeke zibekezelele isithwathwa. NgoSepthemba-Novemba, ama-roses ambozwe nge-humus. Izihlahla ezincane zitshalwa ngobude obuyi-15 cm. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, ingxenye engenhla yomhlabathi icindezelwe phansi futhi ihlanganiswe ne-spunbond, ishiya isikhala somoya. Abanye bakha amabhokisi okhuni. Ebusika, umanyolo we-potash-phosphorus usetshenziswa ngaphansi kwempande.

Entwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela isuswa kancane kancane, lapho isithwathwa sasebusuku siyeka, futhi izinga lokushisa ebusuku elihlala njalo lika + 5-10 liyasungulwa. ⁰C. Bethula inkimbinkimbi yamanyolo amaminerali, lapho kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen.

Isiphetho

Ama roses axhunyelelwe noma anezimpande zawo anenani lezinto ezinhle nezimbi. Ukwazi uhlobo lokuzala, kulula ngomlimi ukunakekela isitshalo. I-Nurseries inikeza amakhasimende izithombo ezixhunyelelwe ezikhula ngokushesha.