I-gouty tophus uphawu lwesifo se-gout. Ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu kokuqubuka kwelunga okubangelwa ukunqwabelana kukasawoti we-uric acid.

I-Gout yisifo esibonakaliswa ukuqubuka kokuvuvukala okubuhlungu okwenzeka endaweni ehlangene. Zibizwa ngokuhlaselwa yi-gout noma i-gout. I-Gout ingumphumela we-uric acid eningi egazini, noma i-hyperuricemia. Nokho, umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi kuphela abane-hyperuricaemia okungenzeka abangele ukuhlaselwa yi-gout. Lesi yisimo esidingekayo, kodwa akwanele ukuqala kwesifo. Kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona isakhi sofuzo ku-gout.

Izimpawu zingamemezela ukuhlasela kwe-gout:

• ukushoshozela;
• ukungakhululeki;
• ubuhlungu;
• umkhawulo wokuhamba;
• ukuqina kwelunga.

Inzuzo yesiguli yokukwazi ukulindela le nhlekelele iphinde ikwazi ukulindela ukwelashwa kwayo okuqeda ukuvuvukala. Izimpawu zokuquleka ngokwazo zibaluleke kakhulu ngempela:

• ukuqala kungazelelwe, ngokuvamile ebusuku noma ekuphumuleni;
• ubuhlungu obunzima, ukuzwa okuvuthayo endaweni ehlangene;
• ukulimala kwamalunga okuvuvukala (ngokuvamile emilenzeni futhi ikakhulukazi uzwane olukhulu);
• ilunga elibomvu, livuvukele, liyashisa, likhulu, libuhlungu uma ulithinta;
• ukuvuvukala okungenzeka kanye nokubabomvu kwesikhumba eduze kwelunga elithintekile;
• i-gouty tophus engenzeka;
• imfiva engenzeka nokugodola.

Ngakho-ke i-gouty tophus iwuphawu lokuhlasela kwe-gout. Lokhu ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo okungajwayelekile. Idiphozithi ye-uric acid ngendlela ye-urate (usawoti we-uric acid) ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ebonakala eduze kwamalunga athintekile kanye / noma uphini wendlebe, izindololwane, imisipha ye-Achilles noma iminwe. Ibonakala ngesimo samaqhuqhuva ngaphansi kwesikhumba, sokungaguquguquki okuqinile futhi okuguquguqukayo. I-tophus ayivamisile ukuba sengozini yokutheleleka ngenxa yokuthi i-uric acid ayihambisani nokuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane.

Ukuze kutholakale i-gout, udokotela ubheka ukuba khona kwe-tophus. Lokhu kungabonwa ekuhlolweni komtholampilo. Udokotela angase futhi athathe i-x-reyi yamathambo namalunga athintekile angase abonise izilonda zamathambo noma i-tophi engenzeka eduze kwelunga. I-Tophus ingase ingabonakali lapho kuhlolwa umzimba kanye ne-x-ray futhi itholwe nge-joint ultrasound ebonisa idiphozithi ye-uric acid ku-cartilage ehlangene.

I-Tophus ingumphumela we-gout. Lesi sifo sidalwa wukuba ne-uric acid eningi egazini. I-Uric acid ngokwemvelo ikhona egazini kodwa isezingeni elingaphansi kuka-70 mg/litre. Kuwumphumela wezinqubo ezithile zokuhlanza zento ephilayo. Ibe isikhishwa yinso, esebenza njengesisefo.

Kunezimbangela ezimbili ezingenzeka ze-hyperuricemia:

• i-hyperproduction ye-uric acid (umphumela wokudla okucebile kakhulu ngamaprotheni noma ukubhujiswa okukhulu kwamaseli);
• ukuncipha kokuqedwa yizinso (isizathu esivame kakhulu).

Izici ezilandelayo zingabangela ukuhlasela kwe-gout:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
• ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okucebile ngamaprotheni namafutha;
• ukuhlaselwa kwe-ketoacidosis ngesikhathi sesifo sikashukela;
• ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukuzila ukudla, njll.;
• isimo esicindezelayo (ingozi, ukuhlukumezeka, ukuhlinzwa, ukutheleleka, njll.);
• ukuthatha imithi ethile (ama-diuretics, i-aspirin yedosi ephansi, ukuqala ukwelashwa kwe-hypo-uricemic).

Ukushiya lesi sifo singelashiwe kusho ukuzibeka engozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-gout, okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu ejoyintini elithintekile.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-tophus engalashwa ingase ibe nesilonda futhi ikhiphe into emhlophe. Sikhuluma nge-tophaceae gout eyenzeka engxenyeni yesithathu yeziguli ezingalashwa phakathi neminyaka emi-5 yokuqala kwalesi sifo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-gout ingabangela izinkinga zenhliziyo nezinso.

Ukwelashwa kwe-gout kunezinhloso ezimbili:

• phatha i-gout lapho kwenzeka;
• phatha isiguli isikhathi eside ukuze kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kokuquleka.

Ukwelashwa kokuquleka kuhloswe ngakho ukukhulula ubuhlungu. Iqala ngokuphumula nokupholisa ilunga elithintekile. Udokotela angakwazi-ke ukunikeza imithi ehlukene ukusiza ukulawula inkinga: i-colchicine, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-corticosteroids.

Inhloso yokwelashwa okuyisisekelo ukugcina i-uric acidemia ukuze kuvinjwe ukuquleka, ukwakheka kwe-tophi, izinkinga ezihlangene kanye nokubukeka kwamatshe ezinso. Isigaba sokuqala sokwelashwa siqukethe ukusungulwa kwezinyathelo zokuhlanzeka nokudla. Udokotela angakwazi ukumisa ukwelashwa kwe-hypo-uricemic.

Imithi ehlukene ikhona:

• i-allopurinol;
• i-febuxostat;
• i-probenecid;
• i-benzbromarone.

Ukuhlola ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa okuyisisekelo, udokotela uqapha izinga le-uric acid lesiguli ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi liwela ngaphansi kwenani okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola ukuncibilika kukasawoti we-uric acid.

I-Gout yisifo esingelapheki esidinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke kanye nokuphathwa kwemikhakha eminingi, okubandakanya udokotela okhona, i-rheumatologist, i-cardiologist, i-nephrologist, njll.