I-gooseberry

Imvamisa ekuphishekeleni izitshalo ezivelele nezingajwayelekile, siyakhohlwa ngezitshalo zendabuko, ezaziwa kudala njenge-gooseberry. I-gooseberry enqatshiwe noma i-gooseberry yaseYurophu isitshalo esingapheli, esihlabayo, esihlwabusayo esinomqhele wokuphakama okungu-1 - 1.5 m, izwe lakubo eNyakatho Afrika eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Namuhla, ikhula cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia, eNyakatho Melika naseNyakatho Afrika.

Siyazi futhi leli siko njenge-argus. I-gooseberry engabonakali futhi engathobekile yayaziwa kahle ngokuthi uthango. Kwakunenani elikhulu njengesivuno sezithelo (impahla eluhlaza yokwenza iwayini, ukunambitheka ezifundweni zokuqala nososo) eYurophu (eFrance) emuva ngekhulu le-16. Futhi ngenxa yezimo zezulu zeBritish Isles kanye nomsebenzi wokukhetha owenziwa nama-gooseberries eNgilandi, izinhlobo zawo ezinesithelo esikhulu zalinywa lapho, abantu abazazisa kakhulu kuleli zwekazi.

Ekuphetheni, lesi sitshalo "esithuthukisiwe" sesithole ukuthandwa okukhulu emazweni amaningi ngenxa yesizini yaso yokuqala yokukhula, izithelo eziningi, isivuno esikhulu (kufika kuma-20-30 kg amajikijolo esihlahleni esisodwa esidala), kanye nenani lokudla okunempilo. Izithelo zayo zivele zivele onyakeni wesibili - wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala futhi zingahlala iminyaka engama-25 - 30. Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza kakhulu kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kwengu-5 kuya eminyakeni eyishumi. Lapho iguga, isivuno sayo sincipha kancane. Ama-gooseberries akhula njenge-shrub noma njenge-trunk njengenketho. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezintsha zama-gooseberries angenawo nhlobo ameva. Ngoba ukuqhakaza kwawo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, lesi sitshalo singaphansi kwezitshalo eziyigugu zakuqala ze-melliferous. Futhi yize kungokwesitshalo esinezindawo zokuzitholela impova, izinambuzane zikhuthaza ukwakheka okungcono kwe-ovary futhi zikhuphule umkhiqizo wezitshalo.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ama-gooseberries angaba yi-oval, i-spherical, oblong, abe nesimo sepheya. Banokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu kanye nephunga elingavamile. Isikhumba sazo singaba phuzi, sibe luhlaza, sibebomvu futhi sicishe sibe mnyama. Amajikijolo ngokuvamile avuthwa ngoJuni - Agasti. Ubukhulu bezithelo ezivuthiwe bufinyelela ku-12 - 40 mm. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuvuthwa. Abantu bavame ukucubungula ama-gooseberries aluhlaza futhi badle amajikijolo avuthiwe ngokugcwele ngendlela eluhlaza.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngayo

Abantu benza iwayini, ogologo, ijusi, okokugcina, ujamu, ama-marshmallows, i-marmalade, ukugcwaliswa kwamaswidi, amakhekhe ngamajikijolo amajikijolo. Uhlu lwangaphambilini kufanele lufake neziphuzo, i-jelly, amasoso, ukwengeza kumaphaya. Amajikijolo amasha anenzuzo ngenxa yokuqukethwe ushukela (kufika ku-14%), izinto ze-pectin (ngaphezu kwe-1%), ama-organic acid (citric, malic, folic, njll.), amavithamini (A, B, C, P), amaminerali (i-iron, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-iodine, i-zinc). Abantu bavame ukomisa, bangakwazi, baqhwaze, bagqume, basawoti, benze ushizi (ogayiwe ngoshukela) ngamajikijolo. Iphethini elithakazelisayo: kumajikijolo aluhlaza, inani lama-tannins linqoba kakhulu okuqukethwe kwalo ezithelweni ezivuthiwe, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, lezi zinto ziyancipha. Futhi ngenani likavithamini C, kuza iqiniso elithakazelisayo: lapho amajikijolo evuthiwe, acebile ngokuqukethwe kwe-ascorbic acid.

Izincomo zokusetshenziswa

Abantu abanokushoda kwamavithamini, i-atherosclerosis, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile (okuqukethwe ikhalori lomkhiqizo ngama-44 kcal / 100 g) kufanele badle amajikijolo e-gooseberry. Inemiphumela emikhulu ye-choleretic, diuretic, ne-laxative esiza ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi nokwenza ngcono inqubo ye-hematopoiesis. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto ze-pectin, amajikijolo e-gooseberry angasusa ubuthi, usawoti wezinsimbi ezisindayo emzimbeni futhi andise ukumelana nezifo ze-oncological, ezisizwa yi-serotonin eyingxenye yesithelo. Njengomkhiqizo odliwayo, ugqumugqumu ulungele izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, asebekhulile, nalabo abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Abantu kufanele badle amajikijolo ngokuqapha lapho benesifo sikashukela, izilonda ezine-peptic nezinkinga zesisu, izifo ezingapheli zezinso nezindlela zomchamo. Ama-gooseberries awanconywa uma kwenzeka ukungabekezelelani ngakunye.

Ukutshala i-gooseberry

Ngokuphathelene nokusabalala kwawo emasimini asengadini phakathi kwezitshalo zamajikijolo, ama-gooseberries alandela isibili ngemuva kwama-currants nama-strawberries. Futhi nakuba izinkomba zesomiso nokumelana nesithwathwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zingahluka kakhulu, ama-gooseberries ayizitshalo ezithanda umswakama. Abasithandi isimo sezulu esishisayo futhi sihlushwa isomiso, sikhula kangcono, futhi sithela izithelo ezinomswakama owanele wenhlabathi. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi kulinganisele, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezithelo zokuvuthwa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-gooseberries angaphansi kwemiphumela eyingozi ye-powdery mildew ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.

Lesi sifo sefungal sabangela ukubhujiswa okuphawulekayo kwama-gooseberries ezindaweni ezinkulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ukuvikela ukutheleleka kwesiko, abantu basebenzisa ukufafaza ngenhlanganisela ye-Bordeaux, beyelapha ngamalungiselelo we-fungicidal, besebenzisa "ishawa esishisayo," njll. isitshalo.

Izeluleko ezingaphezulu zokuthi ungatshala kanjani

Lesi siko singakhula cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, kepha sikhetha inhlabathi yobumba, i-loamy, sandy loam ene-alkaline reaction engathathi hlangothi. Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa, ukusondela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, umhlaba onobumba, ubumba, i-asidi, noma umhlabathi obandayo kuzoba nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwawo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo yokutshala enelanga, enesihlabathi esijiyile, nenhlabathi enesihlabathi. Ukunothisa: ngokwethula umanyolo (umquba, umquba, i-humus) enhlabathini ngesilinganiso esingu-2 - 4 kg / m2, ngemuva kokubeka ungqimba lobumba (5 - 7 cm) phansi komgodi wokutshala. Ezindaweni zobumba, kuncishiswa ukukhululeka nokuhlelwa kukalayini wamanzi omhlabathi owubhuqu.

Ubukhulu obulungile bezimbobo zokutshala zama-gooseberries ngu-40 cm x 50 cm ekujuleni kwama-30 - 40 cm. Futhi, ungangezela inani elincane lomlotha wokhuni (100 g), i-potassium chloride (15 - 20 g), urea (20 - 30 g) emgodini ngamunye, i-superphosphate (30 - 50 g). Ukutshala kuhle ukukwenza entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kepha ukuphela kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba yisikhathi esihle salokhu. Izitshalo ezinjalo zizoba nesikhathi sokuqina futhi zimile ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibandayo sasebusika. Futhi entwasahlobo, bazokwazi ukungena ngenkathi ekhulayo ngesikhathi.

Amasu okutshala i-gooseberry

Uma ukutshala kufaka izitshalo eziningana zilandelana, ibanga phakathi kwazo kufanele okungenani libe yi-1 - 1.5 m. Kungaba kuhle ukusika izithombo, ushiye amahlumela afika ku-20 cm, ane-4 - 5 efihlekile. Ngemuva kokutshala, ukhololo wezimpande wezitshalo kufanele ubekwe ujule kancane, u-5-6 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi. Kufanele usebenzise inqubo enjalo ekutshaleni i-gooseberry endaweni enobumba obunzima noma inhlabathi e-loamy. Umhlabathi ozungeze isithombo ngasinye uhlanganisiwe ukususa amaphakethe womoya nanoma yikuphi ukungabi nalutho, bese udinga ukuwunisela ngebhakede eli-1 lamanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye. Ukugwema ukulahleka okukhulu komswakama, kufanele ukokelezele umbuthano wesiqu (ngomquba, i-peat, i-humus).

Ama-gooseberries adinga ukuthenwa ngendlela ehlanzekile neyakhayo minyaka yonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, susa wonke amahlumela abuthakathaka namagatsha, ushiye ama-2 - 4 efihlekile kahle emagatsheni. Ukuze uvuselele izihlahla ezithelayo, susa amagatsha aneminyaka engu-6 - 8 ubudala bese unciphisa izihlahla ezinciphile.

Izinhlobo ugqumugqumu

Ama-gooseberries ayakhula futhi athandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-gooseberry:

• Masha;
• Indoda yesinkwa sejinja (okuhlukahlukene namajikijolo amakhulu);
• I-Carat iyinhlobonhlobo enamajikijolo amakhulu abomvu nesikhumba esincane;
• Imvula eluhlaza;
• I-Invicta;
• I-Sadko - amajikijolo amakhulu, isivuno esihle;
• Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Emerald - ziqinile futhi zasebusika ziqinile;
• Ububomvu (isici esiyinhloko ukungabikho kwameva);
• I-Malachite - amajikijolo amakhulu ane-malachite hue.

Ijamu lejamujolo nge-orange

Izithako:

• ugqumugqumu - 1kg
• ushukela - 1kg
• i-orange - 1 yobukhulu obuphakathi

Okokuqala, geza ama-gooseberries, khipha imisila. Geza amawolintshi, uthathe izicucu eziningana, ususe imbewu. Dlulisa amajikijolo namawolintshi kanye nekhasi nge-grinder yenyama.

Faka ushukela bese uletha ngamathumba, uvuselele ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuze ujamu ungashi. Vumela ukuthi iphise futhi ipholile amahora ambalwa. Bilisa okwesibili imizuzu eyi-10-15 uthele ezitsheni.

I-gooseberry: izinzuzo zezempilo

Ama-gooseberries anama-calories aphansi namafutha amancane. Ngokuyinhloko, i-150 g yama-gooseberries iqukethe ama-kcal angama-66. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo.

1. Okokuqala, ifayibha eningi futhi amakhalori aphansi

Ungadla izithelo eziningi ngaphandle kokudla ama-calories amaningi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukudla amajikijolo kungakhuthaza ukunciphisa umzimba futhi kunciphise ama-calories wonke. Isithelo futhi siqukethe uvithamini C. Olusizo I-Gooseberries ivikela umzimba ekukhuluphaleni, esifweni senhliziyo, kuhlobo lwe-2 sikashukela, nakuma-cancer.

2. Okwesibili, izinzuzo zenhliziyo

Ukudla okucebile ngama-gooseberries kunciphisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo. I-gooseberry iqukethe izakhi ezikhuthaza impilo yenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ama-antioxidants kanye ne-potassium.

3. Okwesithathu, kulula ukungeza ekudleni kwakho

Ukuze uthole izinzuzo eziphezulu zezempilo, ama-gooseberries adliwa kangcono ngokwemvelo futhi esemasha. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuyahluka ukusuka ekubeni muncu kuya kokumnandi, okucishe kufane namagilebhisi angavuthiwe. Lapho isithelo sesivuthiwe, siba mnandi kakhulu.

Isexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokudla amajikijolo, kufanele uwageze futhi uwalungiselele. Zingadliwa njenge-appetizer, zengezwe kwisaladi lezithelo, ama-yogurt, namasaladi ehlobo ahlukahlukene. Ama-gooseberries nawo asetshenziswa ezitsheni eziphekiwe neziphekiwe njengamaphayi, ama-chutneys, ama-compote kanye namajamu.

Isicelo ku-cosmetology

Ngezinhloso zezimonyo, abantu ikakhulukazi basebenzisa ijusi kanye ne-pulp yezithelo ze-gooseberry. Amaresiphi emikhiqizo yobuhle be-gooseberry alula. Isibonelo, kwanele ukusula ubuso bakho ngejusi lejikijolo elisha kanye ngosuku ngamabala obudala.

Ukondla isikhumba esomile, ungenza imaski elula. Cwilisa ungqimba oluncane loboya bekotini engxenyeni yezithelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, yikhiphe kancane bese uyifaka ebusweni obuhlanzekile imizuzu engama-20. Njengomthetho, lezi zimaski zinhle ukwenziwa ngokuqhutshwa kwezinqubo eziyi-15-20, izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Ungenza imaski efanayo kusuka kumajikijolo akhishwe Isetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo (uginindela ushiywe ebusweni imizuzu engama-2); inkambo nayo izinqubo eziyi-20-15.

Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ukwandisa izakhiwo zomsoco zomkhiqizo, i-spoonful of honey yengezwa ekubunjweni.

Izinketho eziningi zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba

Futhi, ekuphekeni, ungathola inhlanganisela yejusi ye-gooseberry nobisi. Hlanganisa ingxenye yesine yengilazi yejusi nobisi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Ngemva kwalokho, moisten ungqimba woboya bekotini enhlanganisweni, futhi usebenzise ebusweni imizuzu engu-15-20. Ngemuva kokukhipha imaski, kungcono ukugcoba ubuso ngokhilimu onomsoco. I-Gooseberry inhle kubanikazi besikhumba esibucayi. Iresiphi elandelayo ifaneleka kubo: hlanganisa i-tsp. I-cottage shizi nge-tsp. Uju kanye no-2 tsp. Ijusi ye-gooseberry. I-mass ixutshwe kahle futhi isetshenziswe ebusweni imizuzu engu-10-15, emva kwalokho igezwe ngamanzi.

Bheka ividiyo ngamathiphu amahle futhi ubuyekeze ukuthi ungakhulisa kanjani ama-gooseberries ngokuningiliziwe - "Ukukhula kwamajikijolo kusuka ekutshaleni kuya ekuvuneni":

Ukuze uthole amajikijolo amaningi iya kufayela le- uhlu lwamajikijolo.