I-Frostbite

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

I-Frostbite - ukulimala esikhunjeni nasezicubu zomuntu ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphansi nomoya obandayo. Imvamisa, izingxenye eziphumayo zomzimba (ikhala, izindlebe), isikhumba sobuso nezitho (iminwe nezinzwane) kuyalimala.

UFrostbite akufanele adidaniswe no “ukushisa okubandayo”, Njengoba ibonakala lapho kuthintwa ngqo nezinto ezibandayo, zamakhemikhali (ngokwesibonelo, lapho uhlangana ne-nitrogen engamanzi noma iqhwa elomile). I-Frostbite, nayo, yenzeka ngesikhathi sasebusika-entwasahlobo emazingeni okushisa ayi-10-20 degrees ngaphansi kweCelsius noma lapho uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle unomswakama omkhulu, umoya obandayo (ekushiseni okungaba ngu-zero).

Izimbangela zeqhwa:

  • izicathulo eziqinile, ezincane noma ezimanzi, izingubo;
  • ukuphelelwa amandla, indlala;
  • ukuhlala isikhathi eside esimeni esingakhululekile somzimba noma ukunganyakazi isikhathi eside komzimba emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngaphandle;
  • ukujuluka okweqile kwezinyawo, izintende;
  • izifo zesistimu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yemilenze;
  • izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukumezeka ngokulahleka okukhulu kwegazi;
  • ukulimala okubandayo kwangaphambilini.

Izimpawu ze-Frostbite

Izimpawu zokuqala zesithwathwa yisikhumba esiphaphathekile ezindaweni ezithintekile zomzimba. Umuntu oqandisiwe uqala ukuqhaqhazela, ukuqhaqhazela, izindebe ziba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi ziphaphatheke. Ukuqothuka kolwazi, i-delirium, ukukhathala, ukungafaneleki ekuziphatheni, ukuqagela kungaqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, endaweni ye-hypothermia, ukuvela nokukhula kwemizwa ebuhlungu. Ekuqaleni, ubuhlungu buyaqhubeka bukhula, kodwa, njengoba imithambo iphola futhi iba ncane, ubuhlungu buyadamba nokuba ndikindiki kwesitho noma indawo ethintekile yomzimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuzwela kulahleka ngokuphelele. Uma izitho zilimele, ukusebenza kwazo kuthikamezeka. Isikhumba esonakele siba lukhuni futhi sigodole. Ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zigaba, isikhumba sithola umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okwehlisayo, omhlophe noma ophuzi.

Iziqu ze-Frostbite

Ngokuya ngezimpawu, isithwathwa sihlukaniswe ngama-4 degrees.

  1. 1 Izinga lokuqala - kulula. Iqala ngokuchayeka okufishane emazingeni okushisa abandayo. Uphawu olusobala kakhulu lwaleli banga ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba nokuba khona kokuzwa okushoshozelayo, bese kuba ndikindiki. Isikhumba siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuthi ngemuva kokuba umuntu efudumele, sibe bomvu noma nsomi ngombala. Kwesinye isikhathi kungahle kube nokuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile yomzimba noma isitho. Imizwa ebuhlungu yamandla ahlukahlukene nayo ingavela. Ngemuva kwesonto, isikhumba esonakele singase siphume. Ekupheleni kwesonto ngemuva kokuvela kwesithwathwa, zonke izimpawu ziyanyamalala futhi ukululama kuyenzeka.
  2. I-2 Ye iziqu zesibili isikhumba esiphaphathekile, ukubanda kwendawo ethintekile nokulahlekelwa ukuzwela kuso kuyisici. Isici esivelele sesigaba sesibili esivela kwesokuqala ukubonakala kwamabhulebhu ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kwesithwathwa, esigcwele uketshezi olusobala. Ngemuva kokushisa, isiguli sithola ukulunywa okukhulu nokushisa. Ukululama nokuvuselelwa kwesikhumba kwenzeka kungakapheli isonto elilodwa noma amabili, kuyilapho kungekho mkhondo noma izibazi ezihlala esikhunjeni.
  3. 3 Izinga lesithathu isithwathwa. Kulesi sigaba, amabhamuza avela asevele egcwele igazi. Kubonakala ubuhlungu obukhulu (cishe phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokwelapha nesikhathi sokululama). Zonke izakhiwo zesikhumba zilimele esikhumbeni esivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Uma iminwe iqandisiwe, khona-ke ipuleti le-nail liyaphuma lingabe lisakhula nhlobo, noma isipikili sikhule silimele futhi sikhubazeke. Kungakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, izicubu ezifile ziyenqatshwa, bese kuqala isikhathi sokulimala bese sithatha cishe inyanga.
  4. 4 Izinga lesine, ezimweni eziningi, kuhlanganiswe nesithwathwa sezinga lesi-2 nelesi-3. Zonke izakhiwo zesikhumba ziyafa, amalunga, imisipha, amathambo ayathinteka. Indawo ethintekile iba yi-cyanotic, ifana nombala wemabula, futhi akukho ukuzwela nhlobo. Uma ufudunyezwa, isikhumba siba sesidlangalaleni ngokushesha. Ukuvuvukala kwanda ngokushesha. Lapha, imiphumela ingahluka kakhulu: kusuka ezibazi esikhunjeni, ukunqunywa kwesitho noma umunwe nge-necrosis ephelele yezicubu noma ukuqala kokulimala.

Ukudla okuwusizo kweqhwa

Isiguli esihlaselwe yi-frostbite sidinga ukudla kahle futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, sandise ukudla kwamaprotheni namavithamini. Uma umuntu elahlekelwe ukudla, awukwazi ukuphoqa ukudla ukuthi kuphushwe. Ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokulimala, into eyinhloko ukunikeza isiphuzo esiningi, okuzosiza ukususa amagciwane kanye nobuthi emzimbeni. Kuyasiza ukuphuza itiye elifudumele, elingaqinisekisiwe ngokuqinile, iziphuzo zezithelo zeberry (ngaphambilini ezihlanjululwe ngamanzi afudumele abilisiwe), okukhishwe amajikijolo asendle, i-hawthorn, izimbali ze-chamomile.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, kungcono ukukhetha umhluzi wenkukhu noma isobho elilula eliphekwe nalo. Lesi sidlo sehlisa amazinga amhlophe egazi, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise ukucasuka nokuvuvukala.

Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, izinongo nezinongo (i-coriander, isinamoni, i-ginger, upelepele, ama-clove, u-garlic) kufanele kwengezwe ekudleni. Zizokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezithukuthuku, ngaleyo ndlela zisize ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa.

Uma kuneqhwa, ukudla okunjalo nezitsha kuzoba usizo njengokuthi: ubisi, i-kefir, ukhilimu omuncu, i-cottage shizi, ushizi, imifino (amazambane, izaqathe, utamatisi, ukholifulawa, ama-beet), umhluzi wemifino, inyama enomzimba nenhlanzi, okusanhlamvu okugayiwe, isinkwa esimhlophe. Kusuka kumaswidi, ungakwazi uju, ujamu, i-marmalade, ushukela omncane.

Isiguli kufanele sidle ezingxenyeni ezincane, inani lokudla kufanele libe okungenani izikhathi eziyisithupha.

Usizo lokuqala lweqhwa

Ngemuva kokuthola umuntu onesithwathwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze usizo lokuqala.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukubeka isiguli egumbini elifudumele, ukhiphe izicathulo, amasokisi, amagilavu, ubeke izingubo ezimanzi ufake ezomile (kuya ngesimo). Nikeza ukudla okufudumele nokuphakelayo ngokudla okushisayo, buyisela ukujikeleza kwegazi.

RџS•Rё iziqu zokuqala i-frostbite, isisulu sidinga ukugcoba izindawo ezilimele zomzimba noma izitho (ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo yoboya). Faka i-bandage yekotini-gauze.

Ku-2, 3, 4 degrees i-frostbite, noma kunjalo, ukuxubha, ukusikhipha ukufudumala akufanele kwenziwe. Kuyadingeka ukubeka ungqimba lwe-gauze esiqeshini sesikhumba esonakele, bese kuba ungqimba woboya bekotini, bese uyi-gauze bese uyisonga ngendwangu kawoyela noma ngendwangu yerabha.

Uma kwenzeka kulimala izitho (ikakhulukazi iminwe), zivikele ngezinto ezithuthukisiwe (ungasebenzisa i-plywood, irula, ibhodi).

Awukwazi ukuhlikihla isiguli ngeqhwa namafutha. Nge-frostbite, imithambo yegazi ibuthaka kakhulu futhi ingalimala, ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-microcracks, lapho ukutheleleka kungangena kalula khona.

Nge-hypothermia ejwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukugeza okufudumalayo (okokuqala, izinga lokushisa lamanzi akufanele leqe ama-24 degrees Celsius, lapho-ke udinga ukwengeza amanzi ashisayo futhi kancane kancane uwalethe ekushiseni okujwayelekile komzimba womuntu - 36,6).

Ngemuva kokuthatha lezi zinyathelo ezingenhla, kufanele ushayele udokotela ukuze ahlole wonke umonakalo bese uncoma ukwelashwa okulungile.

Emithini yomuthi yesithwathwa:

  • gcoba izindawo ezinamakhaza omzimba ngejusi le-celandine kathathu ngosuku;
  • uma kuba neqhwa emaphethelweni, ubilise amakhilogremu angu-1,5 wesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ilitha lamanzi, uyeke amanzi aphole kancane bese ucwilisa indawo ethintekile, uwagcine emanzini aze aphole, bese uwucwilisa emanzini abandayo bese usula. kahle, gqoka izingubo zangaphansi ezishisayo (phinda inqubo kusukela izikhathi ezingu-7-10 ebusuku);
  • i-tincture yotshwala kusuka ku-rowan amajikijolo noma i-calendula ukugcoba isikhumba esonakele;
  • gcoba isikhumba esiqandisiwe ngomuthi owenziwe nge-petroleum jelly nezimbali ze-calendula (isipuni sezimbali ezichotshoziwe siyadingeka ngamagremu angama-25 we-petroleum jelly);
  • yenza ama-lotion kusuka ku-decoctions alungiselelwe esikhwameni somalusi, i-tartar noma izinaliti ezidliwe;
  • gcoba isikhumba esilimele kathathu ngosuku ngengxube elungiselelwe ngamagremu ayi-100 we-wax, isigamu ilitha yamafutha we-sunflower, idlanzana lesibabule, izinaliti ze-spruce kanye nama-pops angu-10 ka-anyanisi (izithako ezintathu zokuqala zifakwa ezwaneni, zibilisiwe ihora phezu kokushisa okuphansi, engeza u-anyanisi, ubilise enye imizuzu engu-30, uvumele ukupholisa, ukuhlunga);
  • yenza ama-compress namazambane abunjiwe, abiliswe nge-peel (amazambane abunjiwe kufanele afudumale ukuze angashisi isikhumba; isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibuhlungu futhi isongwe ngendwangu elula noma i-bandage, ngemva kokuba amazambane selehlile, kuyadingeka susa ukucindezela bese ugcoba isikhumba ngejusi likalamula ngemuva kokusixuba emanzini afudumele ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-5).

Ukuvimbela isithwathwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ugqoke ngokufudumele ezindwangu zoboya noma zemvelo. Izicathulo kufanele zikhululeke hhayi ukuchoboza. Kungcono ukuthatha i-thermos nesiphuzo esishisayo. Kungaba itiye, ama-herbal teas noma i-compote yezithelo noma amakhambi okwelapha.

Imikhiqizo eyingozi futhi eyingozi uma kwenzeka kuba neqhwa

  • ama-muffin, isinkwa esisanda kubhakwa, ama-crackers;
  • konke ukudla okomile nokuqinile;
  • amantongomane;
  • inyama enonile;
  • inyama ebhemayo, isoseji;
  • inhlanzi enosawoti;
  • i-borscht;
  • ukhilimu olunzima;
  • i-pasta, iphalishi lebhali, amabele;
  • ubhatata, ama-radishes, iklabishi (iklabishi elimhlophe), isithombo;
  • imikhiqizo eqediwe kancane, ukudla okusheshayo;
  • utshwala nesoda.

Lokhu kudla kufanele kususwe ngenkathi umzimba usalulama. Zinciphisa inqubo yokuvuselelwa.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!

Ukudla okunomsoco kwezinye izifo:

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