Ukudoba i-Tulka: izicupho nezindlela zokudoba

Inhlanzi encane yomndeni we-herring. Inokubonakala kwe-pelargic evelele. Izikali ezicwebezelayo zifafazwa kalula. I-Tulka iyinhlanzi engaphila emanzini anamazinga ahlukene osawoti. Ekuqaleni, kwakubhekwa njengolwandle noma inhlanzi ehlala ezindaweni eziphansi zemifula. Izinhlanzi ziyazinza, zithatha amachibi amanzi ahlanzekile. Njengamanje, inamafomu ane-anadromous, i-semi-anadromous kanye namanzi ahlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwefomu elaziwa ngaphambili lechibi lamanzi ahlanzekile elihlala esigodini soMfula i-Ural, i-kilka isiphenduke uhlobo oluningi emachibini amaningi eVolga nakweminye imifula yaseCentral Russia. Izinhlanzi zinamathela kumachibi amakhulu, azivamile ukuza ogwini. Amasayizi angaphakathi kwe-10-15 cm ubude nesisindo kufika ku-30 ​​gr. Ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlanzi ezihlala emanzini aseRussia zibe yizinhlobo ezimbili ezincane: uLwandle Olumnyama - i-Azov neCaspian. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, i-kilka iyinhlanzi ethandwayo phakathi kwezakhamuzi zendawo ezingasogwini oluseningizimu yeRussia ne-our country. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibe isiheho esiyintandokazi kubathandi bokubamba izilwane ezidliwa emfuleni (i-zander, i-pike, i-perch) kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala kwayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-sprat ivunwa futhi igcinwe esiqandisini ngendlela efriziwe.

Izindlela zokubamba ama-sprats

Olwandle, i-kilka ibanjwa emini noma ebusuku "ekukhanyeni", nge-net gear. Ukuze usebenzise izinhlanzi njengesihenqo, kuma-reservoirs nasemifuleni, imbiwa ngosizo "lokuphakamisa inetha" noma izinhlobo ezinkulu zohlobo "lwesicabucabu". Ukuze uhehe izinhlanzi, sebenzisa izibani noma inani elincane le-cereal bait. Ukuze uthole ukuzijabulisa, i-sprat ingabanjwa phezu kwenduku ye-float. Kulokhu, asikho isidingo sokuba nemishini eyinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlanzi zibanjwa enhlama, isinkwa noma iphalishi, zingavuzwa ngamaphunga amnandi.

Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala

Emanzini aseRussia, inhlanzi itholakala oLwandle Olumnyama, i-Azov neCaspian, ingena emifuleni eminingi emigodini yalezi zilwandle. Ngokucabangela ukusatshalaliswa kwanamuhla kwale nhlanzi, singakhuluma ngendawo yokusabalalisa ebanzi kakhulu. Ukuhlaliswa kabusha kusaqhubeka nanamuhla. Inhlanzi ithanda amadamu amakhulu; emachibini amaningi okwenziwa, sekuyinhlobo enkulu. Indawo yokuhlala ifinyelela emifuleni yeVolga, iDon, iDanube, iDnieper neminye imifula eminingi. E-Kuban, indawo yokuba khona kwezimpawu itholakala ku-delta, isimo siyafana neTerek ne-Urals, lapho uphawu luye lwasakazekela ezindaweni eziphansi.

Ukuzalela

Njengoba izinhlanzi zivumelana kalula nezimo zendawo, okwamanje kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo zale nhlanzi. Izinhlanzi zivuthwa ngokocansi eminyakeni engu-1-2. I-sprat iyinhlanzi yesikole, ukubunjwa kwamaqembu kuxubene, ne-predominance yezingane ezineminyaka engu-2-3. Ngokuya ngokuthandwa kwezindawo zokuhlala, izalela ezimweni ezihlukene: kusukela olwandle kuya emifuleni, amachibi namachibi, njengomthetho, kude nogu. Izala entwasahlobo, isikhathi esibanzi, kuye ngezimo zemvelo nezici zesifunda. Ingxenye yokuzalanisa ngesikhawu sezinsuku ezimbalwa. Amafomu ane-anadromous angangena emifuleni ukuze azalele ekwindla.

shiya impendulo