Izinhlanzi zaseSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia: incazelo ngesithombe, ukudoba

Kwabameleli abaningi bengxenye eqinile yesintu, ukudoba kuwumsebenzi wokuzilibazisa, kodwa hhayi indlela yokwenza inzuzo. Nakuba, muva nje, eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, ukudoba kwakungeyona into ebalulekile kwabaningi, njengomsebenzi wokuzilibazisa nje kuphela. Kwabaningi, ukudoba kwakuyindlela yokuphila.

Namuhla, abadobi abaningi bafika endaweni ethile, ethakazelisayo ukuze babambe isifanekiso esingavamile kodwa esibalulekile esingashiya inkumbulo impilo yonke. ISiberia kanye neMpumalanga Ekude nazo zivakashelwa abathandi abaningi bokudoba nokubamba izinhlanzi ezihlwabusayo nezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi kanye nenani elanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo ziheha abadobi nangenxa yokuthi ukudoba lapha kumahhala.

Lapha, ezinye izigaba ziyahlukahluka ngokuthi kungenzeka kuphela ukufika lapha ebusika. Ngeshwa, akukho ongakwenza lapha yedwa, ngoba izindawo zihlukaniswa yizimo ezinzima, futhi udinga ukwazi izindawo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthenga uhlobo oluthile lwevawusha futhi uyodoba neqembu lonke kanye ne-escort.

Imincintiswano yokudoba ebusika ihlale ibanjelwa eChibini iBaikal. Kunezindawo eziningi ezifanayo, ezithakazelisayo eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude, udinga nje ukukhetha indawo efanele.

Ama-Anglers amaningi aphupha ukudoba e-Baikal, ngoba i-greyling ne-omul itholakala lapha, kanye ne-pike, i-ide, i-catfish, i-perch nezinye izinhlanzi, zombili ezidlayo nezingezona izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindawo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo ezinezilwane zasendle.

Izindawo eziqondile zezinhlanzi eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude

Amadamu aseNtshonalanga yeSiberia abhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezicebe kakhulu ngokwenani lezinhlanzi ezihlala kuwo. Umfula i-Ob nawo uthathwa njengomunye wemithombo ecebe kakhulu yezinhlanzi. Ihlanganisa nemingenela yayo. Emifuleni efana neYenisei, Tom, Amur, Yaya, Lena, Kia, Mrs Su, Ters, Uryuk nabanye, kunenqwaba yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi.

Amachibi aseMpumalanga Ekude ahlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi, ezihambisana nezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-60% ezibanjwe eRussia. Ulwandle lwaseMpumalanga Ekude lugcwalisa izinhlanzi ezibanjiwe nge-cod ne-salmon, ezibaluleke kakhulu ngenyama yazo emnandi. Njengomthetho, zibanjwa oLwandle lwase-Okhotsk, oLwandle lwaseJapane noLwandle lwaseBering, oluyingxenye ye-Pacific expanses.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezinhlanzi zibanjwa eMpumalanga Ekude:

• 40% herring.
• 100% izinkalankala.
• 99% i-salmon.
• 90% i-flounder.
• 60% i-shellfish.

Ngamanye amazwi, akukho ngaphansi kuka-80% yazo zonke izinhlanzi ezibanjwe esikalini sezimboni kulo lonke elaseRussia ezibanjwa lapha. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, kukhona ukudoba ama-algae, cishe amaphesenti angama-90 wophawu, ngokuvamile, eRussia.

Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezihlala eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude

Greyling

I-Grayling iyingxenye yezinhlanzi ze-salmon futhi iyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezihlala emanzini aseduze nezindawo ezisenyakatho. Inombolo enkulu yale nhlanzi ibonakala emifuleni yaseSiberia. Ukhetha imifula namachibi anamanzi ahlanzekile, kuyilapho amanzi kufanele abe abanda.

Abantu abavamile bafinyelela isisindo esingaba yikhilogremu engu-1, nakuba izibonelo ezinesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu zitholakala. Naphezu kwalokhu, kwabanjwa okumpunga okunesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-3.

Le nhlanzi ibhekwa njenge-omnivorous, njengoba ukudla kuhlanganisa ama-midges, izintethe, izimpukane, ama-algae, ama-molluscs nezibungu zezinambuzane. Uma ihlangana ne-caviar yezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi endleleni yayo, bese iyayidla.

Uncamela ukuhlala eduze nemifantu, eduze kwamatshe amakhulu, emibundwini, njll., lapho abadobi abanamagiya bemlindile. I-Grayling ibanjwa kokubili ngentonga yokuntanta evamile, nasekudobeni ukuphotha noma ukundiza. Endabeni yokusebenzisa ama-spinner ahlukahlukene, ama-specimens amancane kufanele akhethwe. Uma uthatha i-bait enkulu, khona-ke ungabamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu, nakuba kulokhu kuzodingeka ulinde isikhathi eside ukulunywa.

Muksun

Ingowomndeni we-whitefish, futhi iyinhlanzi ebalulekile yezimboni. Le nhlanzi itholakala kunoma yimuphi umfula omkhulu eSiberia. Inhlanzi iyigugu ngenxa yokuba khona kwenani elanele lezakhamzimba enyameni.

I-Muksun ikhula ibe ngu-75 cm ubude futhi ingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-12, nakuba, iningi labantu lihlangana, linesisindo esingaphezu kwama-2 kilogram. Naphezu kwalokhu, abadobi babamba ama-specimens abamba kakhulu, anesisindo esingafika ku-7 kilogram. Uma umdobi ebamba inhlanzi enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-3, ​​khona-ke lokhu kuyimpumelelo enkulu kuye. Le nhlanzi bayibamba ngamanetha uma kungekho mthetho, njengoba kwezinye izifunda kusavinjelwe.

Le nhlanzi akudingekile ukuba ibanjwe ngamanetha, njengoba i-muksun isabela kahle ezidlelweni zokwenziwa njengezimpukane.

Ulcer

Enye inhlanzi emele inhlanzi emhlophe. Izibalo ezinkulu zalezi zinhlanzi zibonwa emfuleni i-Ob ne-Yenisei. Izinhlanzi zithanda amanzi ahlanzekile, nakuba zingaphila futhi zithuthuke emanzini amancane. I-Chir itholakala naseKamchatka. Njengomthetho, abantu bahlangana, abangekho ngaphezu kwesigamu semitha ubude futhi banesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathathu. Naphezu kwalokhu, inhlanzi yabanjwa, enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-3, eyakhula ngobude yaba amasentimitha angu-11.

Ngokuyisisekelo, le nhlanzi ibanjwa ngamanetha, kodwa iluma ngokuphelele endukwini yokudoba noma ukuphotha. Njengama-bait, ungathatha kokubili izinto eziphilayo ngesimo se-mollusk, izinambuzane nezibungu, kanye nezinhlanzi zokwenziwa ezilingisa ukunyakaza kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini. Izintambo zenjoloba ezidliwayo zithandwa kakhulu.

Umbono

Le nhlanzi ingummeleli ovelele womndeni we-carp, futhi inokusabalalisa okukhulu, kokubili eYurophu naseSiberia. I-ide ibhekwa njengenhlanzi ye-omnivorous, kodwa ikhetha imifula noma amachibi anamanzi afudumele. Ngakho-ke, izindawo eziyinhloko lapho ungathola khona i-ide amachibi, amachibi nemifula, kodwa hhayi ezintabeni, lapho amanzi ebanda futhi ecacile.

I-ide ikhula ngobude ifike engxenyeni yemitha, enesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-3, nakuba abantu abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-9 batholakala kweminye imifula yaseSiberia. I-ide ibanjwa egiyeni elivamile le-float noma izinti zokuphotha ezifakwe izithiyo zokubamba zokwenziwa.

Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuyibamba ukuqala kobumnyama. Iphinde ibanjwe izikelemu ezijwayelekile.

UNelma

Le nhlanzi futhi imele i-whitefish, kodwa enkulu kunazo zonke. Ikhetha imifula nemifula eseduze ne-Arctic Ocean, kanye nemithombo yamanzi yaseSiberia.

Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu bathola isisindo esingaba ngu-10 kilogram, kanti i-nelma ikhula ibe ngamakhilogremu angu-50. Ihlukile ezicini zokunambitha ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Ngenxa yedatha enjalo yokunambitheka, lolu hlobo lubanjwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kwezinye izindawo zaseSiberia akuvunyelwe ukubamba.

Cishe akunakwenzeka ukubamba le nhlanzi phezu kwenduku yokuphotha, ngakho ibanjwa ngokwezimboni.

Umuntu

Omunye ummeleli we-whitefish, isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke esibhaliswe eLake Baikal.

I-Omul ikhula ibe ngamasayizi amancane futhi ayinasisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-8. U-Omul ubanjwa unyaka wonke, kusukela ogwini nasesikebheni. Uthatha ama-bait amancane, ahlukaniswa ngemibala ekhanyayo. Imvamisa, ubanjwa enhlanzini evamile, enyameni noma nje ngerabha yegwebu. Ebusika, le nhlanzi ingatholakala ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-200, okudinga amagiya akhethekile. Ngakho-ke, ukudoba i-omul ebusika kugcwele ubunzima obukhulu.

I-Pyzhyan

I-Pyzhyan itholakala kumachibi ahlukahlukene aseSiberia. Ikhula ngobude ifike kumamitha angu-0,8 futhi ingafinyelela isisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-5. Le nhlanzi ibanjwa ngamanetha aphonsiwe noma ngezinhlanzi. Abadobi bezokungcebeleka basebenzisa ama-tackles ajwayelekile kanye nezinto zokulutha. Ukudla kwale nhlanzi kuhlanganisa izinambuzane nezibungu zazo, kanye nama-molluscs.

Isihlobo

Le nhlanzi ithanda imifula etholakala eduze naseNyakatho. Iningi lazo zonke le nhlanzi isemifuleni emikhulu njengeLena, i-Yenisei, i-Ob, njll. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ungathola izibonelo ezingaphezu kwemitha ubude futhi zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-100. Le nhlanzi ibanjwa kangcono entwasahlobo nasehlobo ngenetha.

I-Lenok

Lena inhlanzi eyingxenye yezinhlanzi ze-salmon, futhi ethanda amachibi amanzi ahlanzekile. ILenok yandile eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Incamela ukuhlala emifantwini, kanye nasemifuleni yezintaba. I-Lenok ithathwa njengenhlanzi edla inyama kuphela edla izinto eziphilayo njengezimpukane, ama-molluscs, izinambuzane, izikelemu, njll. I-Lenok ibanjwa ngokuphotha kuphela, isebenzisa ama-spinner ahlukahlukene, ama-wobbler noma izimpukane ukuze idobe ngempumelelo.

I-Taimen

Lo mmeleli we-salmon ubhalwe ku-Red Book. Akuvunyelwe ukubamba i-taimen cishe kuwo wonke ama-reservoirs. Uthanda ukuba semanzini amasha, kodwa abandayo. Akayi olwandle. Ingakhula ibe ngamamitha amabili ubude futhi ibe nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-2.

Pike

I-Pike iyinhlanzi edla inyama ehlala cishe yonke imithombo yamanzi yaseRussia naseSiberia, kanye naseMpumalanga Ekude iyafana. Lapha, izibonelo zomuntu ngamunye azivamile neze, zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-35 futhi ubude obungaphezu kwemitha eyi-1. Intwasahlobo nekwindla kubhekwa njengezikhathi ezikhiqiza kakhulu zokuzingela ama-pike. I-Pike ibanjwa ikakhulukazi ngokuphotha, kusetshenziswa imicu yokwenziwa ehlukahlukene.

I-Dace

AmaYelets ancamela amadamu anamanzi agelezayo nacwebile. Ibanjwa ngezinduku zokudoba ezintantayo ezivamile. Njengombhobho ku-hook, ungathatha isibungu, impethu, i-bloodworm, isinkwa esivamile noma okusanhlamvu.

IBurbot

I-Burbot ukuphela kwezinhlobo ezifana ne-cod ezithanda amanzi ahlanzekile. Isakazeke kakhulu ezindaweni eziseduze ne-Arctic Ocean. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itholakala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ze-taiga. Ikakhulukazi abantu abanesisindo esingeqile ku-1 kg bahlangana nehhuku, nakuba kukhona izibonelo ezinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-25.

I-Burbot isebenza kakhulu ezikhathini ezibandayo, futhi izalela ebusika kuphela, esithwathwaneni esinamandla. Njengoba i-burbot nayo ingeyezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye, kungcono ukuyibamba emibhobho yezilwane.

Chukuchan common

Lona kuphela ummeleli womndeni wakwaChukuchanov, ongatholakala emachibini aseSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. I-Chukuchan nayo iyinhlanzi edla ezinye futhi ithanda ukudla okuyizilwane. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuyibamba kuma-mollusks, izibungu, izinambuzane nezibungu zazo.

Chebak

Leli yilungu lomndeni we-carp. Kusakazwa kulo lonke elaseSiberia nase-Urals. Nakuba izinhlanzi zingenkulu, kunabantu abaningi abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu. I-Chebak ayinqabi ukudla kwesilwane noma isitshalo, ngakho-ke, ingabanjwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokudoba, kodwa ibanjwe ngentonga evamile yokudoba.

Ukudoba eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude

Izici

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu sokudoba kulezi zindawo ukuhlakazeka kwamadamu endaweni enkulu, okungelula kakhulu ukufika ngaphandle kwezinto zokuthutha ezikhethekile. Isici esibaluleke ngokufanayo ukuvinjelwa kwamanje ekubambeni izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ezisohlwini lwe-Red Book. Ngakho-ke, ukudoba eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude kugcwele ubunzima obuthile. Mayelana nalokhu, akukho lutho olwenziwa lapha yedwa, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekile.

Izinzuzo

Inzuzo yokudoba kulezi zindawo ukuthi kunenani elikhulu nje lezinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Ukudoba mahhala kuvunyelwe emanzini amaningi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, asevele akhona amasayithi lapho indawo iyimfihlo noma iqashisiwe. Ukuze ufinyelele endaweni enjalo ngenxa yokudoba, kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali enkulu.

Ukudoba eMpumalanga Ekude kubaluleke kakhulu ekwindla, lapho kubanjwa ukumpunga. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani elikhulu labadobi liza lapha.

izindawo zokudoba

Indawo ethakazelisa kakhulu uMfula i-Ob, kanye nechibi eliseduze nedolobhana laseRazdolnoye. Lapha ungakwazi ukudoba ngaphansi kwelayisensi enomkhawulo enanini lezinhlanzi ezibanjwe. Indawo ethokozisayo ngokulinganayo yiLake Tennis.

Azikho izindawo ezithakazelisa kancane ezilindele abadobi ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ezifundeni zaseTomsk nase-Omsk. EMpumalanga Ekude, abadobi bakhetha uLwandle lwaseJapane noLwandle lwase-Okhotsk, kanye neGulf of Peter the Great, i-tributaries ye-Kolyma ne-Indigirka. Lezi zindawo zibhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu ukudoba. I-Pollock, i-lenok, i-taimen, i-char, i-greyling nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zibanjwa lapha.

Ngamanye amazwi, iSiberia kanye neMpumalanga Ekude iyipharadesi langempela labadobi.